Ngezinye izikhathi ubuhlungu esibuzwayo buba bukhulu kangangokuthi abukwazi ukulawulwa ngamaphilisi obuhlungu avamile. Futhi, abanye abantu bayalwa nokuqeda ukulutheka okukhulu njengokusebenzisa izidakamizwa. I-Methadone iwumuthi onamandla kakhulu onconywa odokotela ezimweni ezinjalo ezikhethekile. Njengoba inikezwa njengomjovo, sizokhuluma ngayo ngokucacile namuhla.
Iyini iMethadone?
Kalula nje, i-Methadone umuthi osetshenziselwa izinjongo ezimbili eziyinhloko.
1. Lawula ubuhlungu obukhulu: Inikezwa lapho eminye imithi yokwelapha izinhlungu ingakwazi ukulawula ubuhlungu noma lapho umzimba ungakwazi ukububekezelela. Isebenza ngokuvimbela izimpawu zobuhlungu ukuthi zingafiki ebuchosheni.
2. Ukwelapha Isifo Sokusetshenziswa Kwe-Opioid: Lo muthi unikezwa abantu abaluthwe izidakamizwa ezifana ne-heroin ukuze ubasize bayeke. Usebenza ngokunciphisa izimpawu zokuhoxa kanye nezifiso zalo muthi.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi uma usebenzisa lokhu njengokwelapha umlutha, imiphumela emihle kakhulu iyatholakala uma kuhlanganiswa nokwelulekwa kanye nokwelashwa kokuziphatha.
I-Methadone umuthi ongowesigaba semithi ye -opioid futhi kufanele uthathwe kuphela ngaphansi kokuqondisa kukadokotela.
Izinto okudingeka uzitshele udokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuthatha lo muthi
Kulungile, lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu. Ngaphambi kokuba unikezwe i-methadone, udokotela wakho kuzodingeka azi umlando wakho wezempilo ophelele. Ikakhulukazi uma unezinye zezimo ezingezansi, kufanele nakanjani umtshele ngakho.
| Isimo sempilo/umkhuba | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Ubuchopho kanye nesistimu yezinzwa | Izimo ezifana nomdlavuza wobuchopho, ukulimala ekhanda, noma ukuxhuzula. |
| Inhliziyo nomfutho wegazi | Isifo senhliziyo, umfutho wegazi ophansi. |
| Uhlelo lokuphefumula | Isifo samaphaphu, i-asthma, noma ezinye izinkinga zokuphefumula. |
| Isibindi nezinso | Isifo sesibindi noma sezinso. |
| Ezinye izimo zezokwelapha | Isifo se-thyroid, ukusebenza okuphansi kwezindlala ze-adrenal, kanye nezinkinga zamathumbu. |
| Imikhuba kanye nempilo yengqondo | Ukuphuza utshwala njalo, ukulutheka kwezinye izidakamizwa, ukugula ngengqondo. |
| Eminye imithi ethathwayo | Uma uke wathatha umuthi we-MAOI (isib. i-Parnate) ezinsukwini ezingu-14 ezedlule. |
| Imicimbi ekhethekile | Uma ukhulelwe noma uzama ukukhulelwa, uma uncelisa, noma uma uke waba nokusabela kokungezwani komzimba ne-methadone noma yimuphi omunye umuthi noma ukudla. |
Lo muthi wokugoma usetshenziswa kanjani?
Lo muthi wokugomela ufakwa ngaphansi kwesikhumba, emsipheni, noma emthanjeni. Ngokuvamile unikezwa esibhedlela noma emtholampilo.
Futhi, uma kufanele usebenzise lo muthi ekhaya, uzofundiswa ukuthi uwulungiselele futhi uwuthathe kanjani ngendlela efanele. Usebenzise njengoba kuyalelwe, kuphela ngezikhathi ezifanele. Ungalokothi uthathe ngaphezu kwenani elibekiwe ngesikhathi esisodwa.
Wenzani ngezinaliti ezisetshenzisiwe?
Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu. Ungalokothi ulahle izinaliti ezisetshenzisiwe kanye namasirinji kudoti ojwayelekile. Kufanele zifakwe esitsheni esikhethekile se-sharps esingasuswa. Uma ungenayo, buza ithimba lakho lezempilo ukuthi ungayithola kanjani.
Kuthiwani uma ngiphuza umuthi omningi kakhulu?
Uma usola ukuthi uthathe umthamo ongaphezu kobekiwe walo muthi, iya eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (i-ETU) oseduze nawe ngokushesha. Noma, shayela i-National Poisons Information Centre e-Colombo National Hospital .
Lo muthi unikezwe wena kuphela. Ungalokothi uwuhlanganyele nanoma ubani omunye.
Eminye imithi engase ihlangane nalo muthi
I-Methadone umuthi ongasebenzisana neminye imithi eminingi. Lokhu kusho ukuthi uma uthathwa neminye imithi, imiphumela yaleyo mithi noma i-methadone ingashintsha, noma imiphumela emibi kakhulu ingase ivele.
Ikakhulukazi, ungalokothi uthathe i-Methadone nemithi elandelayo:
- Eminye imithi yokwelapha izifo zesikhunta (isib. i-ketoconazole, i-voriconazole)
- Eminye imithi yokwelapha izinkinga zesigqi senhliziyo (isib. i-quinidine, i-dronedarone)
- Imithi efana neCisapride, iPimozide, neThioridazine
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinkinga zingavela ngeminye imithi eminingi. Isibonelo:
- Utshwala
- Imithi yokungezwani komzimba, ukukhwehlela, kanye nomkhuhlane
- Imithi yokulwa negciwane lengculazi noma ingculazi
- Imithi yokucindezeleka, ukukhathazeka, noma ukuqwasha
- Imithi yokulwa nokuxhuzula (isib. i-carbamazepine, i-phenytoin)
- Amanye ama-antibiotic (isib. i-clarithromycin, i-erythromycin)
- Iziphumuli zemisipha ezisetshenziswa ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa
- Amanye ama-opioid painkiller noma ama-syrups okukhwehlela
Lolu hlu aluphelele. Ngakho-ke, qiniseka ukuthi utshela udokotela wakho ngayo yonke imithi oyithathayo, okuhlanganisa amavithamini, imithi yamakhambi, kanye nezithako zokudla okunempilo. Kubalulekile futhi ukutshela udokotela wakho uma ubhema, uphuza utshwala, noma usebenzisa ezinye izidakamizwa.
Izinto okufanele uziqaphele lapho uthatha umuthi
- Bona udokotela wakho njalo: Yiya emtholampilo ngezinsuku ezihleliwe ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi ukwelashwa kwakho kuhamba kahle.
- Tshela udokotela wakho ngobuhlungu: Uma uthatha lokhu ngenxa yobuhlungu, tshela udokotela wakho uma ubuhlungu bungapheli, uma buba bubi kakhulu, noma uma unohlobo olusha lobuhlungu.
- Ungayeki ngokuzumayo: Umzimba wakho uyawujwayela lo muthi. Ngakho-ke ungalokothi uyeke ukuwuthatha ngokuzumayo ngaphandle kweseluleko sikadokotela wakho. Ukwenza kanjalo kungabangela ukusabela okubi kakhulu. Uma uyeka, yenza lokho ngokweseluleko sikadokotela wakho, ngokunciphisa kancane kancane umthamo.
- Ingozi yokubuyela emuva:Uma uthatha lokhu njengokwelashwa kokulutheka, ungazami ukuthatha umuthi owengeziwe ukuze unqobe imiphumela yalo muthi. Lokhu kungaholela ngisho nasekufeni.
- Ukozela kanye nokuphaphama: Lo muthi ungakwenza uzizwe ulele futhi unesiyezi. Ukuphaphama kwakho kungase kuphazamiseke. Ngakho-ke, gwema ukushayela noma ukusebenzisa imishini uze wazi ukuthi lo muthi uthinta kanjani wena.
- Qaphela lapho uvuka: Ukuze ugweme isiyezi nokuquleka, sukuma kancane lapho uvuka lapho uhleli noma ulele phansi.
- Ukuqunjelwa: Lo muthi ungabangela ukuqunjelwa. Uma unenkinga yokuqunjelwa isikhathi esingaphezu kwezinsuku ezintathu, khuluma nodokotela wakho.
- Yazi nge-Naloxone: I-Naloxone umuthi osindisa impilo onganikezwa uma kwenzeka uphuze kakhulu i-opioid. Qaphela izimpawu zophuze kakhulu (ukuphefumula kancane , ukozela okukhulu, ukungakwazi ukuvuka). Uma unikezwe lo muthi, tshela umndeni wakho nabathandekayo bakho ukuthi ukuphi nokuthi ungawusebenzisa kanjani. Ngemva kokunikeza i-naloxone, umuntu owunikezile kumele ashayele i-ambulensi ephuthumayo.
Yimiphi imiphumela emibi engingayithola?
Njenganoma yimuphi umuthi, i-methadone ingabangela imiphumela emibi. Eminye iyingozi, eminye ivamile.
| Imiphumela emibi okufanele ibikwe kudokotela wakho ngokushesha | |
|---|---|
| Ukusabela Kokungezwani Nomzimba | Ukuqubuka kwesikhumba, ukulunywa, ukuvuvukala kobuso, izindebe, ulimi noma umphimbo. |
| Ukucindezeleka kwesistimu yezinzwa ephakathi (CNS Depression) | Ukuphefumula kancane noma kancane, ubunzima bokuphefumula, ukozela ngokweqile, ukudideka, kanye nobunzima bokuvuka. |
| Izinguquko ekushayeni kwenhliziyo | Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo noma okungajwayelekile, isiyezi, ukuquleka, ubuhlungu besifuba. |
| Umfutho wegazi ophansi | Ukuzizwa unesizungu, ukuquleka, ukubona okufiphele. |
| Imiphumela emibi evamile okufanele ibikwe kudokotela uma iqhubeka | |
| Ukuqunjelwa | Isiyezi kanye nokozela |
| Umlomo owomile | Ikhanda elibuhlungu |
| Isicanucanu nokuhlanza | Ubuhlungu, ukubomvu, noma ukuvuvukala lapho kujovwe khona. |
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Methadone umuthi onamandla kakhulu osetshenziselwa ukwelapha ubuhlungu obukhulu kanye nokulutha kwe-opioid. Kufanele isetshenziswe kuphela ngaphansi kokuqondisa kukadokotela.
- Tshela udokotela wakho nganoma yiziphi ezinye izifo onazo kanye nanoma yimiphi imithi oyiphuzayo.
- Ungalokothi wabelane ngalo muthi nanoma ubani omunye, futhi uwugcine endaweni ephephile kude nezingane nezilwane ezifuywayo.
- Qaphela izimpawu zokudlula ngokweqile (ukuphefumula kancane, ukozela ngokweqile). Uma ubona noma yikuphi kwalokhu, iya eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) ngokushesha.
- Ungayeki ukuthatha lo muthi ngokuzumayo ngaphandle kweseluleko sikadokotela wakho.
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