Uyalwazi yini lolu hlobo lwesifo esiyingozi 'sokuncibilikisa inyama' (Necrotizing Fasciitis)? Ake sixoxe!

Uma uthola inxeba elincane, kuvamile ukuthi libole kancane futhi liphole ezinsukwini ezimbalwa. Kodwa wake wezwa ngesifo esiyingozi, esisongela ukuphila esiqala enxebeni elincane bese kancane kancane sincibilikisa inyama? Leso ngesinye sezimo eziyingozi esizokhuluma ngazo namuhla, esibizwa ngokuthi i-Necrotizing Fasciitis. Abanye abantu basibiza nangokuthi yi-Feel-Eating Disease.

Kuyini i-Necrotizing Fasciitis?

Kalula nje, i-Necrotizing Fasciitis iwukutheleleka okungathi sína kwebhaktheriya okusakazeka ngokushesha kakhulu futhi kungaholela nasekufeni. Igama elithi 'necrotizing' lisho 'ukubangela ukufa kwento ethile'. Igama elithi 'Fasciitis' libhekisela ekuvuvukeni kwe-fascia.

Manje ungase uzibuze ukuthi iyini i-fascia. Iyizicubu ezifana nolwelwesi ezizungeze imisipha, imizwa, amafutha, kanye nemithambo yegazi ngaphansi kwesikhumba sethu. Uma sikhuluma iqiniso, lesi yizicubu ezingaphansi kwesikhumba.

I-Necrotizing Fasciitis uhlobo lokutheleleka olubizwa ngokuthi i-Necrotizing Soft Tissue Infection (NSTI). Le NSTI ihlanganisa nezinye izifo, njenge-Necrotizing Myositis (ukutheleleka okubangela ukufa kwemisipha) kanye ne-Necrotizing Cellulitis (ukutheleleka okubangela ukufa kwamangqamuzana angaphansi kwesikhumba).

Ingabe zikhona izinhlobo ze-Necrotizing Fasciitis?

Yebo, kunezinhlobo ezimbili ikakhulukazi:

1. Ama-polymicrobial noma Uhlobo I: Lokhu kubangelwa izinhlobo ezingaphezu kweyodwa zamabhaktheriya. Ezimweni eziningi, womabili amabhaktheriya e-aerobic kanye ne-anaerobic ahilelekile ekuthelelekeni.

2. I-Monomicrobial noma Uhlobo II: Lokhu kuvame ukubangelwa uhlobo olulodwa lwebhaktheriya. Ngokuvamile, kubangelwa i-bacteria ethi ``Group A Streptococcus`` noma ``Staphylococcus aureus``.

Ubani okungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi athole lesi sifo?

Abanye abantu basengozini enkulu yokuthola i-"Necrotizing Fasciitis." Ake sibheke ukuthi bangobani:

• Abantu abanezilonda zesikhumba noma amanxeba olwelwesini lwamafinyila (isib. ngaphakathi emlonyeni, ekhaleni): Lokhu kufaka phakathi ukusikeka okwenziwe ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa. Ngisho nokuklwebheka okuncane kungaba yinkinga ngezinye izikhathi.
• Abantu abanokukhuluphala ngokweqile: Okusho ukuthi, abantu abakhuluphele ngokweqile.
• Abantu Abanesifo Sikashukela: Uyazi ukuthi uma unesifo sikashukela, amanxeba ayaphola kancane futhi izifo zikhula kalula. Abantu abanjalo nabo banamathuba amaningi okuthola lesi sifo.
• Abantu abanenkinga yokusebenzisa utshwala: Ukusebenzisa utshwala ngokweqile nakho kuyisici esiyingozi.
• Abantu abanezivikeli mzimba ezibuthakathaka: Lokhu kusho ukuthi amandla omzimba okulwa nezifo ayancipha.
• Abantu abanezinkinga ngesistimu yemithambo yegazi.
• Abantu abahlushwa umdlavuza.
• Abesifazane abakhulelwe.

Sivame kangakanani lesi sifo? Ingabe siyingozi?

I-Necrotizing Fasciitis akuyona isifo esivame kakhulu. Ngokwezibalo, ukwenzeka kwayo kuphakathi kuka-0.3 no-15 kubantu abayi-100,000. Kodwa-ke, kukholelwa ukuthi inani langempela leziguli lingase libe phezulu. Isibonelo, i-Necrotizing Fasciitis, ebangelwa yi-Group A strep, kubikwa ukuthi yenzeka ezimweni ezingu-700 kuya ku-1,200 ngonyaka.

Lesi sifo sibi kakhulu kangangokuthi, ngisho noma selashwe, cishe umuntu oyedwa kwabathathu ositholayo uzofa. Yingakho ukwelashwa kusenesikhathi kubaluleke kangaka.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-Necrotizing Fasciitis?

Izimpawu zokuqala zalesi sifo zingafana nezomkhuhlane ovamile, ngakho ngezinye izikhathi kungaba nzima ukuzibona ekuqaleni.

Izimpawu zokuqala:

• Ubuhlungu bomzimba
• Imfiva
• Ukugodola
• Isicanucanu
• Uhudo
• Ubuhlungu obukhulu, obungabekezeleleki endaweni yokulimala. Lolu uphawu olubaluleke kakhulu ekuqaleni. Ubuhlungu bungaba bukhulu kakhulu kunobukhulu bokulimala.

I-Necrotizing Fasciitis yisifo esisakazeka ngokushesha, ngakho-ke izimpawu zingaba zimbi kakhulu ngokushesha.

Izimpawu zakamuva:

• Ubomvu kanye nokushintsha kombala wesikhumba endaweni yokulimala (onsomi omnyama, omnyama).
• Ukuvuvukala kwezicubu ezithintekile.
• Ukugeleza kwegazi okungazinzile.
• Amabhamuza agcwele igazi noma uketshezi oluphuzi.
• I-necrosis yezicubu.
• Umfutho wegazi ophansi.
• I-Sepsis (ushevu wegazi).

Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi uma unezimpawu ezinjengalezi, ikakhulukazi ubuhlungu obukhulu obuhambisana nesilonda kanye nokuguquka kombala wesikhumba kanye nokuvuvukala, kufanele ubonane nodokotela ngokushesha.** Lokhu kutheleleka kusakazeka ngesivinini esimangalisayo.

Yiziphi izimbangela zalesi 'sifo sokuncibilika kwenyama'?

Ngokuvamile, i-"Necrotizing Fasciitis" yenzeka lapho amagciwane engena emzimbeni wakho ngokusikeka noma ukuklwebheka esikhumbeni sakho. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi kungenzeka ngaphandle kwesilonda esikhumbeni, njengokuvela kwenye into emzimbeni wakho, njengokulinyazwa.

Indlela amabhaktheriya angangena ngayo emzimbeni:

• Ukusikeka, ukuklwebheka, ukusha.
• Amanxeba okulunywa yizinambuzane (isb. ukulunywa omiyane okunzima).
• Ukubhoboza amanxeba abangelwa izinto ezifana nezinaliti.
• Ngemva kokuhlinzwa.
• Nakuba imbangela eyinhloko kuyi-"Group A strep" yamagciwane, ingabangelwa amanye amagciwane amaningi. Amanye amagciwane ahlala emanzini nawo angabangela lokhu. Lokhu kusho ukuthi uma uthinta inxeba ezindaweni lapho kunamanzi angcolile, nawe usengozini.

Odokotela bakuthola kanjani lokhu?

Uma udokotela wakho esola lesi 'sifo sokuncibilikisa inyama' ngemva kokukuhlola nokulalela izimpawu zakho, uzoyala ukuhlolwa okuthile:

• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi: Isibonelo, ukubalwa kwegazi okuphelele (i-CBC).
• Ukukhula kwezicubu ezijulile: Kuthathwa ingxenye encane yezicubu endaweni ethelelekile bese kuhlolwa ukuze kubonakale ukuthi yimaphi amagciwane akhona.
• I-biopsy yezicubu: Kuthathwa ingxenye yezicubu bese kuhlolwa ngaphansi kwe-microscope ukuze kutholakale ukuthi izicubu zifile yini.
• Ukuhlolwa kwezithombe: I-CT scan (i-Computed Tomography scan) ingase yenziwe kaningi.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, udokotela uzokwenza ukuhlinzwa ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ngabe yi-Necrotizing Fasciitis. Futhi, ukuhlinzwa kuzoqala ngokuhlanza izicubu ezifile.

Iphathwa kanjani i-Necrotizing Fasciitis?

Ukungenelela okusheshayo kubalulekile ukulawula lesi sifo.

• Ukuhlinzwa: Kudingeka inqubo yokuhlinzwa ebizwa ngokuthi "debriding" ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa nokususa zonke izicubu ezifile . Ngezinye izikhathi, ukuhlinzwa okukodwa kungase kungabi ngokwanele. Kungadingeka ukuhlinzwa okuningana (ngokuvamile okungaba kathathu) kuze kube yilapho ukutheleleka sekulawulwe ngokuphelele.
• Ama-antibiotic: Ama-antibiotic anamandla anikezwa ngemithambo yegazi (IV).
• Uketshezi olufakwa emthanjeni (uketshezi lwe-IV): Lokhu kusiza ukugcina amazinga oketshezi emzimbeni kanye nokuqinisa umfutho wegazi.

Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, kungadingeka ukufakelwa kwesikhumba noma ukuhlinzwa kwepulasitiki ukuze kuphulukiswe amanxeba ngokugcwele.

Yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona ngenxa yalesi sifo?

Izinkinga eziningi ze-"Necrotizing Fasciitis" zinkulu kakhulu. Zihlanganisa:

• Izibazi
• Ukulahlekelwa yizitho zomzimba (uma ukutheleleka kusakazeka, lezo zingxenye kuzodingeka zinqunywe)
• I-toxic shock syndrome
• I-Sepsis (ushevu wegazi)
• Ukufa

Ungazivikela kanjani ku-Necrotizing Fasciitis?

Okwamanje akukho muthi wokugomela lokhu. Kodwa-ke, kunezinto ongazenza ukuze unciphise ingozi yokuthola izifo zesikhumba ezibangelwa amagciwane, okuhlanganisa ne-Necrotizing Fasciitis:

• KangangokunokwenzekaGwema ukusikeka, ukuklwebheka, ukusha, kanye nokulunywa yizinambuzane.
• Uma unenxeba, ligeze kahle ngensipho namanzi bese ulimboza ngebhandeji elihlanzekile kuze kube yilapho liphola.
• Uma unezibazi ezijulile noma ezinkulu noma amanxeba okubhoboza, bona udokotela.
• Gcina izandla zakho zihlanzekile ngokuzigeza njalo ngensipho noma ngokusebenzisa umkhiqizo wokuhlanza izandla osekelwe ku-alcohol-antibacterial.
• Uma unenxeba noma usikekile esikhumbeni sakho, ungangeni emachibini okubhukuda, emabhafini ashisayo, noma ezindaweni zamanzi ezingaphandle (njengamachibi, imifula).

Kufanele ubonane nini nodokotela? (Isikhumbuzo)

Uma unalezi zimpawu, funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha:

• Uma umbala wesikhumba ushintshile futhi indawo ibonakala ikhula ngokushesha ngenxa yokuvuvukala .
• Uma kukhona ubuhlungu obungabekezeleleki .
• Uma unomkhuhlane .

Yini ongayilindela uma uhlaselwa yilesi sifo?

Uma uhlaselwa yilesi sifo, imiphumela emihle kakhulu itholakala ngokuxilongwa kusenesikhathi, ama-antibiotic, kanye nokuhlinzwa ukuze kususwe izicubu ezifile.

I-Necrotizing Fasciitis yisifo esiba sibi kakhulu ngokushesha, sibhubhise izicubu zakho futhi sibangele ukwehluleka kwezitho zomzimba. Ngisho noma ukwelashwa, njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, cishe ingxenye yesithathu yamacala ingafa.

Ngokuvamile kudingeka ukuhlinzwa okungaphezu kokukodwa, futhi kungase kube nezibazi.

Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-Gas Gangrene kanye ne-Necrotizing Fasciitis?

I-gas gangrene (i-clostridial myonecrosis) yisifo esithinta izicubu ezinempilo, okubangela igesi (umoya) ukuthi iqongeleleke ngaphakathi kwezicubu. Le gesi ikhiqizwa njengomkhiqizo ongcolile ovela kumagciwane. Igesi ingaqongeleleka futhi ezicutshini ku-gas gangrene kanye ne-Type I Necrotizing Fasciitis. Kodwa-ke, izinhlobo zamagciwane abangela lezi zifo ezimbili zihlukile. I-gangrene yegesi ingathinta nemisipha.

Kukuphi emzimbeni lapho i-necrotizing fasciitis ivame ukubonakala khona?

Lokhu kuvame ukubonakala ezandleni nasezinyaweni, ikakhulukazi uma unesifo sikashukela, njengoba kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi sikhule emilenzeni (ikakhulukazi ezinyaweni nasezinzwaneni).

Ngaphezu kwalokho, lesi sifo singavela ezithweni zangasese kanye nasekhanda nasentanyeni.

Ungasinda yini uma unesifo se-Necrotizing Fasciitis?

Yebo, ungaphila. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela lesi sifo kusenesikhathi bese uqala ukwelashwa ngokushesha okukhulu. Uma siqhubeka isikhathi eside, isimo siba sibi kakhulu.

Ingabe i-Necrotizing Fasciitis iyathelelana?

Lokhu akuvamile ukusabalala kusuka kumuntu kuya komunye.Ngakho-ke, ngokuvamile akudingeki ukunikeza izihlobo eziseduze zesiguli ama-antibiotic. Kodwa-ke, uma ukutheleleka kukubi kakhulu, udokotela angacela izihlobo eziseduze zesiguli ukuthi zithathe ama-antibiotic okuvimbela njengesinyathelo sokuqapha.

Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuthi i-fasciitis ebulalayo ikhule?

Izimpawu zingavela zingakapheli amahora angama-24 ulunywe yizilokazane, ukuklwebheka, noma ukulunywa yizinambuzane. Lokhu kungaba kubi kakhulu ngokushesha okukhulu. Ngakho-ke qaphela inxeba ukuze ubone ukuthi liyavuvukala, libomvu, nokuthi liyakhula yini.

Uma unenxeba, usikekile, noma ushile, ligeze kahle ngensipho namanzi. Uma uba nomkhuhlane, ubuhlungu obukhulu, kanye/noma indawo ebomvu noma eshintsha umbala esakazeka ngokushesha efudumele uma uyithinta, funa usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha. Uma uqala ukwelashwa ngokushesha, amathuba akho okuqeda i-Necrotizing Fasciitis ayanda.

Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya

Kulungile, manje usuqonda kangcono isifo esibi esikhulume ngaso esibizwa ngokuthi "Necrotizing Fasciitis." Nazi ezinye izinto ezibalulekile okufanele uzikhumbule:

• Lokhu kuyingozi kakhulu, kusakazeka ngokushesha ngenxa yegciwane. Kubizwa nangokuthi 'isifo sokuncibilika kwenyama'.
• Kungaqala ngisho nangenxeba elincane.
• Qaphela kakhulu izimpawu ezifana nobuhlungu obukhulu endaweni yokulimala, ukubomvu/ukuguquka kombala kanye nokuvuvukala okusabalala ngokushesha, kanye nomkhuhlane .
• Uma unalezi zimpawu, ungalibali bese ubona udokotela ngokushesha. Isikhathi yisona sizathu esinqumayo phakathi kokuphila nokufa lapha.
• Ukugcina amanxeba ehlanzekile kanye nokuzigcina uhlanzekile ngendlela efanele kwenza lukhulu ekuvikeleni kulezi zinhlobo zokutheleleka.

Sithemba ukuthi lolu lwazi luwusizo kuwe. Hlala uphilile!

I- Fasciitis Ebulala Inyama, Isifo Esidla Inyama, Ukutheleleka Kwamagciwane, Ukutheleleka Kwesikhumba, Isifo Esidla Inyama, Ukufa Kwezicubu, I-Sepsis