Wake wacabanga ukuthi uhlelo lwethu lwezinzwa (ubuchopho, umgogodla, kanye nemizwa) kanye nohlelo lwethu lokuzivikela ezifweni (uhlelo olusivikela ezifweni) kuyiminyango emibili ehlukene, esebenza ngokuzimela komunye nomunye? Isikhathi eside, abantu babecabanga ukuthi lokho kuyiqiniso. Kodwa namuhla siyazi ukuthi lokhu akulungile neze. Lezi zinhlelo ezimbili zifana nabangane ababili abakhulu abasebenza ndawonye, bekhuluma njalo, futhi behlanganisa imizamo yabo yokugcina imizimba yethu iphilile.
Kalula nje, iyini i-Neuroimmunology?
I-Neuroimmunology iwumkhakha wezokwelapha othakazelisayo. Ihlanganisa izinhlelo ezimbili esixoxe ngazo ngenhla, i-neuroscience kanye ne-immunology . Kalula nje, ihlola indlela isimiso sethu sezinzwa kanye nesimiso somzimba sokuzivikela esisebenza ngayo ndawonye, kanye nendlela ezisabela ngayo ndawonye lapho kuvela ukutheleleka noma ingozi.
Cabanga ngale ndlela. Igciwane lingena emzimbeni wakho. Ngaleso sikhathi, ubuchopho bakho buthumela umlayezo kumaseli esimiso sokuzivikela komzimba, buthi, "Kunenkinga lapha, hamba uyobheka." Lapho amaseli omzimba ethola lo myalezo, ayavuselela futhi aqale ukulwa nalelo gciwane. Sibiza le nqubo ngokuthi ukuvuvukala. Kufana nokuthi lapho isitha sifika ezweni, inhloko-dolobha ithumela umlayezo ebuthweni bese ilithumela kuleyo ndawo. Ngakho-ke ngaphandle kwalokhu kuxhumana okuhle phakathi kwesimiso sezinzwa nesimiso sokuzivikela komzimba, umzimba wethu ubungeke ukwazi ukuzivikela ezifweni.
Ngakho-ke ziyini lezi zifo ze-neuroimmune?
Ngezinye izikhathi, lezi zinhlelo ezimbili, ezisebenza kahle ndawonye, ziba nenkinga encane. Cabanga ngokuzivikela komzimba wakho (isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela) senza iphutha elincane bese siqala ukuhlasela ingxenye ebalulekile yezwe lakubo (umzimba wakho), okuyisimiso sezinzwa. Uma sikhuluma iqiniso, isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela sithola imiyalelo engalungile bese siphambanisa izingxenye ezinempilo zesimiso sethu sezinzwa ngokuthi "isitha."
Izifo ze-neuroimmune yizimo ezenzeka lapho isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela sihlasela ubuchopho bethu, umgogodla, noma imizwa. Lokhu kuhlasela kuphazamisa ukusebenza kwesimiso sezinzwa, okubangela ukuba kuvele izimpawu ezahlukahlukene.
Yiziphi izinhlobo zezifo ze-neuroimmune?
Kunezinhlobo eziningana zezifo eziwela kulesi sigaba. Kungenzeka ukuthi uke wezwa ngezinye zazo. Ezinye zalezi zivamile kakhulu, kanti ezinye azivamile. Bheka ithebula elingezansi.
| Izinhlobo ezivamile zezifo ze-neuroimmune |
|---|
| I-Multiple sclerosis (MS) |
| I-acute demyelinating encephalomyelitis (ADEM) |
| i-CIDP (i-chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy) |
| I-AIDP (i-acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy) |
| I-Autoimmune/paraneoplastic encephalitis |
| I-NMOSD (isifo se-neuromyelitis optica spectrum) |
| I-optic neuritis |
| I-myelitis eguquguqukayo |
| I-MOGAD (isifo esihlobene ne-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody) |
| I-Neurosarcoidosis kanye nezinye izifo zokuzivikela komzimba ezibangelwa yi-CNS |
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi, ungesabi ngala magama. Lawa amagama obuchwepheshe asetshenziswa odokotela. Uma unezimpawu, into ebaluleke kakhulu ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho ngazo.
Yiziphi izimpawu ezivamile zalezi zifo?
Izimpawu zingahluka kuye ngokuthi isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela sihlasela yiphi ingxenye yesimiso sezinzwa, kodwa kunezinye izimpawu ezivamile.
| Isibonakaliso | Incazelo Elula |
|---|---|
| Ubuthakathaka bemisipha | Izitho zomzimba ezingenampilo, ubunzima bokuphakamisa izinsimbi, nokuhamba. |
| Izinguquko zemizwa | Izitho zomzimba azinangqondo futhi zizwakala sengathi ziyathuthumela. |
| Izinkinga ngokuhamba nokulinganisela | Ngizizwa ngididekile uma ngihamba, futhi angikwazi ukulinganisela. |
| Izinguquko zombono | Ukubona okufiphele, ukubona okukabili, ubuhlungu bamehlo. |
| Ukukhathala | Ukuzizwa ukhathele kakhulu ngaphandle kwesizathu, uzizwa ukhathele kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ulala kangakanani. |
| Ukukhubazeka kwengqondo | Ubunzima bokucabanga, ukuqonda ulwazi, nokukhumbula izinto. |
| Ubunzima bokukhuluma | Amagama ayaphithana, okwenza kube nzima ukukhuluma kahle. |
| Izinkinga ngokulawulwa komchamo kanye namathumbu | Ukulahlekelwa noma ubunzima bokulawula ukuchama kanye nokuphuma kwendle. |
Ubani isazi sezifo ze-neuroimmunoimmune?
Uchwepheshe wezifo zengqondo uchwepheshe othole ukuqeqeshwa okukhethekile emkhakheni wezifo zengqondo.Banekhono lokuxilonga, ukwelapha, kanye nokuphatha lezi zimo eziyinkimbinkimbi. Ezimweni eziningi, udokotela wakho womndeni angakudlulisela kuchwepheshe onjengalona.
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha lezi zifo?
Izinketho zokwelapha ziyahlukahluka kuye ngohlobo lwesifo onaso kanye nezimpawu zakho. Udokotela wakho uzokwakha uhlelo lokwelapha olukulungele kangcono. Ezinye zezindlela zokwelapha ezisetshenziswa kakhulu zifaka:
- Ukuthatha imithi: Kusetshenziswa imithi ehlukahlukene ukulawula ukusebenza kwesimiso somzimba sokuzivikela kanye nokunciphisa izimpawu.
- Ukwelashwa kokwelapha: Ukwelashwa kokukhuluma kungasetshenziswa ukwelapha ubunzima bokukhuluma, kanye nokwelashwa ngokomzimba ukuthuthukisa amandla omzimba nokunyakaza.
- Amadivayisi okusiza: Uma unenkinga yokuhamba, kungadingeka usebenzise into efana nesihlalo sabakhubazekile noma i-walker.
- Izinguquko endleleni yokuphila: Ukudla ukudla okunempilo nokulinganiselayo, ukuzivocavoca ngangokunokwenzeka, ukulala kahle, nokunciphisa ukucindezeleka kubaluleke kakhulu.
- Lawula ezinye izifo: Uma unezinye izifo ezifana nesifo sikashukela, umfutho wegazi ophakeme, noma i-cholesterol, ukuzilawula kahle kuzosiza ekuvimbeleni lesi sifo sokuzivikela komzimba ukuba singabi sibi kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, hlala ubona udokotela wakho futhi ulandele iseluleko sakhe.
Ekuphetheni, uhlelo lwethu lwezinzwa kanye nohlelo lokuzivikela komzimba kuyizinhlelo ezimbili eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu ezisebenza ndawonye ngezindlela ezimangalisayo. Ngenxa yocwaningo emkhakheni we-neuroimmunology, sifunda izinto ezintsha ngalobu budlelwano nsuku zonke. Lolu lwazi luzosisiza ukuthi sinikeze ukwelashwa okungcono kulabo abahlushwa yilezi zifo esikhathini esizayo.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Neuroimmunology yisayensi efunda ubudlelwano phakathi kwesimiso sethu sezinzwa kanye nesimiso somzimba sokuzivikela.
- Ngezinye izikhathi, izifo ze-neuroimmune zenzeka lapho amasosha ethu omzimba ehlasela ngephutha isimiso sethu sezinzwa esinempilo.
- Lokhu kungabangela izimpawu ezahlukahlukene njengokungazweli ezithweni zomzimba, ubunzima bokuhamba, ukukhathala ngokweqile, kanye nezinkinga zokukhumbula.
- Uma uqhubeka nokuzwa lezi zimpawu, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubona udokotela wakho ngokushesha ukuze uthole iseluleko.
- Izindlela zokwelapha ezisebenzayo ziyatholakala namuhla ukuze kulawulwe lezi zimo futhi kulawulwe izimpawu.
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