Kujwayelekile ukuthi noma ubani azizwe esaba kakhulu futhi ethukile lapho ezwa amagama athi "umdlavuza we-colorectal". Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yentuthuko kwezokwelapha namuhla, kunezindlela eziningi ezintsha neziphumelelayo zokwelapha ezingasisiza sibhekane nezifo ezinjalo. Namuhla, sizokhuluma ngendlela "yokwelapha okuqondiwe" ehlukile kumakhemikhali endabuko futhi ehlasela ngqo amangqamuzana omdlavuza.
Kalula nje, ayini la ma-Antibodies e-Monoclonal?
Ngaphambi kokuba sikuqonde lokhu, ake sibheke uhlelo lokuzivikela olumangalisayo olunalo imizimba yethu. Lapho igciwane, njengebhaktheriya noma igciwane, lingena emizimbeni yethu, uhlelo lwethu lokuzivikela lukhiqiza amaprotheni akhethekile angabona laba bahlaseli, anamathele kubo, futhi ababhubhise. Sibiza laba ngokuthi "abaqaphi bomzimba," noma ama-antibodies ukuze siqonde kakhudlwana.
Manje, lawa ma-"Monoclonal Antibodies" awuhlobo lwama-antibody okwenziwa enziwe elebhu kusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe obukhethekile. Lawa enzelwe ukuhlasela inhloso eyodwa kuphela. Ukuze kube sobala, aklanyelwe ukubona iphrotheni ethile ebusweni beseli lomdlavuza, anamathele kulo, futhi abhubhise lelo seli lomdlavuza .
Lokhu kufana nomyali oqeqeshwe ngokukhethekile ongathola isitha endaweni enabantu abaningi futhi ahlasele leso sitha kuphela ngaphandle kokulimaza omunye umuntu. Ngakho-ke, esikhundleni sokulimaza amangqamuzana amahle emzimbeni njengokwelashwa ngamakhemikhali okuvamile, le ndlela yokwelapha ingalindelwa ukuthi ibe nemiphumela emibi embalwa ngoba icacile kakhulu.
Imithi evimba ukukhula kwemithambo yegazi kumdlavuza (i-Angiogenesis Inhibitors)
Umdlavuza awuyona into ekhula nje. Ufana nesitshalo. Udinga ukondliwa ukuze uphile, ukhule, futhi ukhule. Ukuze uthole lokhu kondliwa, amangqamuzana omdlavuza akhulisa imithambo yegazi emisha ezungeze wona. Sibiza le nqubo ngokuthi "i-angiogenesis." Ngakho-ke, uma simisa imithambo yegazi ehlinzeka ngalokhu "kudla nokuphuza" kumdlavuza, singamisa ukukhula komdlavuza, akunjalo? Yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi uhlobo lwemithi eyenza lokho.
Nansi indlela i-Bevacizumab (Avastin) esebenza ngayo:
I-Bevacizumab (igama lomkhiqizo: i-Avastin) iyisidakamizwa esibalulekile kuleli klasi. Amaseli omdlavuza athumela isignali ewatshela ukuthi "akhe imithambo yegazi." Lesi signali sibizwa ngokuthi i-vascular endothelial growth factor, noma i-VEGF. Lokho okwenziwa yi-Avastin ukuvimba leso signali ukuthi singafiki endaweni okuqondiwe kuyo. Kalula nje, ibamba "incwadi yokwakha imithambo yegazi" ethunyelwa umdlavuza bese iyibhubhisa.
Lokhu kuvimbela umdlavuza ekwenzeni imithambo yegazi emisha, okunciphisa ukukhula komdlavuza. Lo muthi uvunyelwe umdlavuza wamathumbu amakhulu osusakazeke (osusakazeke) kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba. Nakuba ungeke welaphe ngokuphelele umdlavuza, izifundo zithole ukuthi i-Avastin, uma inikezwa nge-chemotherapy, ingandisa isikhathi sokusinda kweziguli cishe izinyanga ezi-5 .
I-`Fruquintinib (Fruzaqla)`, `ramucirumab (Cyramza)`, kanye nokuthi `ziv-aflibercept (Zultrap)` ingeminye yemithi emisha ephinde iqondise `i-VEGF`.
Inikezwa kanjani i-Avastin? Iyini imiphumela emibi?
I-Avastin iwumjovo we-intravenous (IV). Ivame ukunikezwa njalo emavikini amabili kuya kwamathathu kanye ne-chemotherapy.
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela imiphumela emibi engaba khona yalo muthi.
| Uhlobo lomphumela ongemuhle | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Imiphumela emibi evamile |
|
| Imiphumela emibi kakhulu |
|
Imithi ethinta ngqo ukukhula kwamaseli omdlavuza
I-Cetuximab (Erbitux) kanye ne-panitumumab (Vectibix) ezinye izinhlobo ezimbili zama-antibody e-monoclonal. Lawa asebenza ngendlela ehlukile. Ahlose iphrotheni ebizwa ngokuthi i-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) ebusweni bamaseli omdlavuza.
Cabanga ngale `EGFR` njengeswishi ethi `On` etshela iseli lomdlavuza ukuthi `lihlukane ngokushesha futhi likhule kakhulu.` Lokho okwenziwa yimithi ethi `Erbitux` kanye nethi `Vectibix` ukuhlala kule swishi bese `kuyivimba`. Ngemuva kwalokho, isignali yemvelo etshela iseli ukuthi likhule ayikwazi ukuvula iswishi. Ngale ndlela, ukukhula kwamaseli omdlavuza kulawulwa.
Lomuthi unikezwa bani?
Zombili i-Erbitux ne-Vectibix zivunyelwe ukwelapha umdlavuza wamathumbu amakhulu osusakazekele kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba.
Umuthi wokugomela i-Erbitux unikezwa kanye ngesonto, kungaba wedwa noma ngomuthi we-chemotherapy i-irinotecan (Camptosar). Umuthi wokugomela i-Vectibix unikezwa njalo emavikini amabili uhlanganiswe neminye imithi ye-chemotherapy.
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi ngaphambi kokunikeza lo muthi, kwenziwe ukuhlolwa okukhethekile kokuguqulwa kwezakhi zofuzo kumaseli akho omdlavuza ukuze kubonakale ukuthi lo muthi uzosebenza yini kulowo mdlavuza. Lokhu akufanelekile kuzo zonke izinhlobo zomdlavuza. Ngakho-ke, lokhu kuhlolwa nakanjani kwenziwe.
Yimiphi imiphumela emibi ye-Erbitux ne-Vectibix?
Le mithi inemiphumela emibi ethile.
| Imiphumela emibi evamile ye-Erbitux ne-Vectibix | |
|---|---|
| Izinkinga zesikhumba | Ama-blister afana nama-acne, ukuqubuka kwesikhumba, kanye nesikhumba esomile. Kodwa into exakile ukuthi, ngezinye izikhathi lokhu kusabela kwesikhumba kusho ukuthi umuthi usebenza kahle ekulweni nomdlavuza. |
| Eminye imiphumela emibi |
|
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ama-antibodies e-Monoclonal ayindlela yokwelapha ethuthukisiwe ehlasela futhi ihlasele ngqo amangqamuzana omdlavuza. Ahlukile ekwelashweni okuvamile kwe-chemotherapy.
- Eminye imithi ivimba ukuphakelwa kwegazi komdlavuza, kanti eminye ivimba uhlelo lokuthumela izimpawu oluqhuba ukukhula kwamaseli omdlavuza.
- Yonke le mithi inemiphumela yayo emibi. Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngayo ngaphambi kokuqala ukwelashwa.
- Lokhu kwelashwa akufanelekile kuwo wonke umuntu. Udokotela wakho uzonquma ukuthi yikuphi ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu kuwe ngokusekelwe ohlotsheni lomdlavuza onawo, ukuthi ususakazeke kangakanani, kanye nemiphumela yokuhlolwa okukhethekile kwezakhi zofuzo.
- Uma wena noma othile emndenini wakho enomdlavuza, ungesabi. Khuluma nodokotela wakho wezifo zomdlavuza ngazo zonke izindlela zokwelapha ezitholakalayo, izinzuzo nezingozi zazo, bese uthatha isibindi sokubhekana nokwelashwa.
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