Wake wazibuza ukuthi udokotela angabona kanjani imizwa emincane kanye nezingqimba ngaphakathi kweso lakho? Kufana nokusika iso lakho bese uthatha izithombe ezicacile, kodwa akubuhlungu. Lobu buchwepheshe obumangalisayo bubizwa ngokuthi i-OCT scan. Udokotela wakho wamehlo kungenzeka ukuthi ukutshelile ngakho, noma kungenzeka ukuthi uke wezwa igama ngaphambilini. Ake sibheke ukuthi liyini nokuthi kungani libaluleke kangaka.
Kalula nje, kuyini ukuskena kwe-OCT?
I-Optical Coherence Tomography, noma njengoba sonke sazi, i -OCT scan , iyindlela ekhethekile engathatha izithombe ezicacile zezingxenye ezingaphakathi kweso, ngaphandle kokungena esweni nganoma iyiphi indlela (engahlaseli).
Isibonelo esihle kakhulu sokuqonda lokhu ukuskena kwe-ultrasound. Uyazi, ukuskena kwe-ultrasound kusetshenziselwa ukubuka ingane esibelethweni, noma ukubheka izitho zomzimba ngaphakathi komzimba. Okwenzekayo lapho ukuthi amaza omsindo athunyelwa emzimbeni futhi indlela aboniswa ngayo emuva ilinganiswa ukudala isithombe. Into efanayo yenzeka ngo-OCT, kodwa esikhundleni samaza omsindo, kusetshenziswa amaza okukhanya (ukukhanya kwe-infrared) . Le misebe yokukhanya ingena emehlweni ethu futhi iboniswa emuva yi-retina ngemuva kweso. Ukukhanya okungenayo kuyalinganiswa bese ikhompyutha idala isithombe esicacile kakhulu, esendlalelo ngesendlalelo, esinezinhlangothi ezintathu (3D) esingabukwa.
Lokhu kufana nokusika ikhekhe ngaphandle kokulisika, kodwa ubona ngokucacile zonke izingqimba zokhilimu kanye nezingqimba zesiponji ngaphakathi kwalo ngokwehlukana.
Lobu buchwepheshe buvumela odokotela bamehlo ukuthi balinganise ukujiya kwezingxenye ezibaluleke kakhulu zeso lakho futhi babone noma yimuphi umonakalo, ukuvuvukala, noma izinguquko kuzo ngokunemba okukhulu. Ngaphambilini, kwakungekho ndlela yokubona izinto ezinjengalezi ngokucacile kangaka. Kodwa ubuchwepheshe be-OCT bushintshe kakhulu i-ophthalmology.
Lokhu akugcini nje emehlweni. Lobu buchwepheshe manje busetshenziswa emikhakheni efana ne-cardiology, neurology, kanye ne-oncology ukuhlola izinto ezifana nemithambo yegazi.
Kufanele wenze nini ukuhlolwa kwe-OCT?
Udokotela wakho wamehlo angase asikisele ukuhlolwa kwe-OCT uma enenkinga ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwamehlo okuvamile, noma uma esola isimo sezokwelapha ngokusekelwe ezimpawini zakho.
Cabanga ngalokhu. Uneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-50 ubudala futhi unesifo sikashukela. Uma uya kohlolwa amehlo njalo, udokotela uthi, "Kubukeka sengathi umfutho wamehlo akho uphezulu kancane, futhi isifo sikashukela sakho singase sithinte inzwa yakho yokubona. Ake senze i-OCT ukuze sibone ukuthi kwenzekani ngaphakathi."
Futhi, abantu abanezimo ezithile zezokwelapha bangase baqhubeke nokuba nezimpawu, noma ngabe abanazo.Ukuskena kwe-OCT kusetshenziselwa ukuqapha izinguquko esweni. Isibonelo, umuntu one-glaucoma angase ahlolwe i-OCT cishe kanye ngonyaka ukuze kubonakale ukuthi umonakalo we-optic nerve ukhuphukile noma awukashintshi yini uma kuqhathaniswa nokuskena kwangaphambilini. Lokhu kungasiza ekulinganiseni impumelelo yokwelashwa nokulungisa ukwelashwa uma kudingeka.
Yiziphi izifo zamehlo ezingatholakala futhi ziphathwe nge-OCT?
I-OCT scan ivame ukusetshenziswa ukuhlola ingemuva leso, okungukuthi i-retina kanye ne-optic nerve. Lokhu kungasiza ekutholeni izifo eziningi ezimbi ezithinta ngqo umbono wethu. Ungathola umbono omuhle ngalokhu kuthebula elingezansi.
| Isimo | Kalula nje... |
|---|---|
| I-Glaucoma | Ukulimala kwe-optic nerve, i-nerve eyinhloko ethwala umbono ebuchosheni, ngenxa yokucindezela okukhulu esweni. I-OCT ilinganisa ukujiya kwalolu ngqimba lwe-nerve fiber ukuze ihlole umonakalo. |
| Ukuwohloka kwe-macular okuhlobene nobudala | Ukulimala engxenyeni ephakathi ye-retina (macula), enikeza umbono obukhali. I-OCT ikhombisa ngokusobala izinguquko ezenzeka lapha. |
| Ukulimala kwamehlo okubangelwa isifo sikashukela (i-Diabetic Retinopathy) | Isifo sikashukela singalimaza imithambo yegazi ku-retina, okubangela ukuthi uketshezi luvuze noma luvuvuke (i-macular edema). I-OCT ingalinganisa ngokunembile lokhu kuvuvukala. |
| Ukuhlukaniswa kwe-Retinal noma izinyembezi | Ulwelwesi oluzwelayo ngemuva kweso olunikeza umbono luhlukana nezingxenye ezingaphansi kwaso. Lokhu kuyisimo esiphuthumayo. |
| Ukuvuvukala kwesokhethi lamehlo (i-Cystoid Macular Edema) | Umbono ofiphele ngenxa yokwakheka kwama-cyst amancane agcwele uketshezi ku-macula, isikhungo sokubona. |
| I-Optic Atrophy | Ukulimala kwe-optic nerve kanye nokoma kwayo kancane kancane. |
Akukhona lokhu kuphela, kunezimo lapho ubuchwepheshe be-OCT bungasetshenziswa ukuhlola izingxenye zangaphambili zeso ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa kwamehlo.
Kwenziwa kanjani lokhu kuhlolwa? Ingabe kunzima njengoba ucabanga?
Lutho neze! Ukuskena kwe-OCT kuyinqubo elula, engenabuhlungu engaqedwa ngemizuzu embalwa . Akudingi ukulungiswa okukhethekile noma imikhawulo yokudla. Kungenziwa ngisho nangemva kokuhlolwa kwamehlo okuvamile.
Nakhu okwenzekayo isinyathelo ngesinyathelo:
1. Ukukhulisa: Ngezinye izikhathi, ukuze uthole izithombe ezicacile zengaphakathi leso lakho, udokotela wakho uzofaka amaconsi amehlo esweni lakho ukuze akhulise i-pupil. Lokhu akudingeki ngaso sonke isikhathi.
2. Ukuhlala phambi komshini: Uzobe usuhlaliswa esihlalweni phambi kwesithwebuli se-OCT. Isilevu sakho nebunzi lakho kuzobekwa esisekelweni esinamathiselwe emshinini. Lokhu kuzosiza ukugcina ikhanda lakho linganyakazi futhi lingashukumi.
3. Ukubuka indawo eyodwa: Okulandelayo, uzocelwa ukuthi ubheke ukukhanya okuncane okuluhlaza ngaphakathi komshini ngaphandle kokucwayiza.
4. Ukuskena: Ngesikhathi ulindile, umshini uzoskena elinye lamehlo akho. Ungase ubone umugqa obomvu uhambahamba. Akukho lutho oluzokushaya iso lakho, futhi ngeke uzwe ubuhlungu. Ukuskena iso elilodwa kuzothatha isikhathi esifushane, cishe umzuzu noma emibili. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuhlala uthule ngangokunokwenzeka phakathi nalesi sikhathi.
Uma iso elilodwa seliqedile, elinye iso liyaskenwa ngendlela efanayo. Yilokho kuphela! Yonke inqubo ishesha kakhulu.
Ingabe kukhona imiphumela emibi evela ekuhlolweni kwe-OCT?
Lena into engcono kakhulu. Azikho izingozi noma imiphumela emibi ekuhlolweni okwenziwa nge-OCT scanner. Kuphephile ngokuphelele.
Kodwa-ke, njengoba sixoxile ngaphambili, uma usebenzisa amaconsi amehlo ukuze ukhulise iso lakho elimnyama ngaphambi kokuhlolwa, kungase kubangele ukungakhululeki okwesikhashana.
- Umbono ofiphele amahora ambalwa.
- Ukuzwela ekukhanyeni okukhanyayo(Kungumqondo omuhle ukugqoka izibuko zelanga uma uphuma ngaphandle).
- Abanye abantu bangase babe nekhanda elibuhlungu .
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi uma wazi ukuthi uzofakwa amaconsi emehlweni akho, ungashayeli ngalolo suku. Kuyingozi ukushayela kuze kube yilapho umbono wakho usubuyele esimweni esijwayelekile. Ngakho-ke, kuwukuhlakanipha ukuza nomunye umuntu noma ukusebenzisa olunye uhlobo lokuhamba.
Yini esiyifundayo emiphumeleni?
Uma ukuskena sekuqediwe, izithombe ziboniswa esikrinini sekhompyutha. Udokotela wakho wamehlo uzohlola izithombe ngokucophelela. Uzobheka izinto ezifana nobukhulu bezingqimba zeso, noma yikuphi ukuvuvukala, ukwakheka koketshezi, noma ukulimala kwemicu yezinzwa.
Uma uke wahlolwa nge-OCT ngaphambili, udokotela wakho uzoqhathanisa izithombe ezintsha nezindala. Lokhu kuzokusiza ukuthi uhlole ngokunembile ukuthi isimo sakho sishintshe kanjani ngokuhamba kwesikhathi (ingabe siye saba sibi kakhulu, ingabe siye saba ngcono, noma ingabe siye sahlala sinjalo).
Ngemva kokuhlaziya imiphumela, udokotela uzokuchazela isimo. Ngokusekelwe emiphumeleni yalolu vivinyo, kuzothathwa izinqumo mayelana nokwelashwa kwakho kwesikhathi esizayo nokuthi ngabe udinga ukushintsha ukwelashwa kwakho kwamanje.
Ngingambona nini udokotela?
Ungalokothi weqe ukuhlolwa kwamehlo okuvamile. Lokhu kungakusiza ukuthi uthole izinkinga eziningi ezinkulu kusenesikhathi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezingezansi, bona udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
- Ubuhlungu bamehlo obusha noma obuqhubekayo.
- Ubunzima bokubona ngokucacile noma ukuhlukanisa imibala .
- Ama-eye antantayo noma ukukhanya okukhanyayo phambi kwamehlo.
- Ukulahlekelwa umbono ngokuzumayo noma ukwehla okukhulu kombono.
Ungazinaki lezi zinto. Ngezinye izikhathi zingaba izimpawu zokuqala zesifo esingathi sína.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-OCT scan iyisivivinyo esiphephile nesingenabuhlungu esithatha isithombe sezingqimba ezingaphakathi kweso lakho.
- Lokhu kuvumela ukutholakala kusenesikhathi kanye nokwelashwa kwezifo eziningi, njenge-glaucoma kanye ne-diabetesic retinopathy.
- Nakuba kungekho miphumela emibi evela ekuskeni, amaconsi eso asetshenziselwa ukwandisa iso angabangela ukubona okufiphele amahora ambalwa. Ngakho-ke, gwema ukushayela.
- Uma ubona noma yiziphi izinguquko ezingazelelwe embonweni wakho, ebuhlungwini, noma yini engavamile, funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha. Ungalokothi usishaye indiva.
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