Wake wazibuza ukuthi uwuthola kanjani lowo muzwa wokukhululeka nokuzola owutholayo uma uhlala esihlalweni noma kusofa ngemva kokudla okuhle? Noma kungani, ngemva kokwethuka okuhle, ukushaya kwenhliziyo yakho kubuyela esimweni esijwayelekile ngemva kwesikhashana bese uzizwa sengathi unokuthula? Namuhla sizokhuluma ngeqhawe elithule lomzimba wethu ngemuva kwakho konke lokhu. Leso yisimiso sezinzwa se-parasympathetic, noma `(Parasympathetic Nervous System)`.
Kalula nje, iyini isimiso sezinzwa se-parasympathetic (PSNS)?
Lokhu kungase kuzwakale njengegama lesayensi, kodwa indaba ilula kakhulu. Kukhona uhlelo emzimbeni wakho olusebenza ngokuzenzakalelayo, okungukuthi, ngaphandle kokuthi ucabange ngakho. Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi i-Autonomic Nervous System. Izinto ezifana nokushaya kwenhliziyo yakho, ukuphefumula, ukujuluka, kanye nokugaya ukudla azilawulwa yingqondo yakho. Zenzeka ngokuzenzakalelayo. Enye yezingxenye ezimbili eziyinhloko zalolo hlelo oluzenzakalelayo uhlelo lwezinzwa lwe-parasympathetic.
Umsebenzi wayo oyinhloko ukuzola umzimba, ukuwuphumuza, nokonga amandla. Yingakho inamagama amabili alula kakhulu: "Phumula futhi Ugaye" kanye "Nondla futhi Uzale." Womabili la magama anikeza umbono omuhle ngendima yalolu hlelo.
Cabanga ngomzimba wakho njengemoto. Le moto inesimiso esisebenza njenge-accelerator kanye nesimiso esisebenza njengebhuleki. Ibhuleki iyisimiso sezinzwa se-parasympathetic. Inciphisa ijubane lomzimba futhi isiza ukugcina konke kuzolile futhi kujwayelekile.
Indlela "Ukuphumula Nokugaya" okusebenza ngayo ngokungafani nethi "Ukulwa Noma Ukushayela"
Njengoba sishilo ngaphambili, kunezingxenye ezimbili eziyinhloko zesimiso sezinzwa esizimele. Esinye uhlelo lwe-parasympathetic esikhuluma ngalo manje. Esinye uhlelo lwezinzwa oluhambisana nozwela .
Lezi ezimbili zisebenza ngezindlela eziphambene impela. Kodwa aziphikisani. Zisebenza ndawonye ukuze zilondoloze ibhalansi emzimbeni.
- Uhlelo Lozwelo: Lolu uhlelo olusheshisa imoto yethu. Lolu hlelo lusebenza lapho sizizwa sicindezelekile, sesaba, noma sikhathazekile, njengalapho sizobhekana nengozi, lapho sixosha inja, noma lapho sizobhala ukuhlolwa. Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi impendulo ethi "Ukulwa noma Ukubaleka" . Ngalesi sikhathi, inhliziyo yethu ishaya ngokushesha, ukuphefumula kwethu kuyashesha, amehlo ethu ayavuleka, futhi siyajuluka. Lokhu kusho ukuthi umzimba ulungiselela isimo esiphuthumayo.
- Uhlelo lwe-Parasympathetic: Lolu uhlobo lwebhuleki yemoto yethu. Ngemva kokuba isimo esiphuthumayo sesidlulile, yilolu hlelo olubuyisela umzimba esimweni esijwayelekile. Okusho ukuthi,Isimo "sokuphumula nokugaya". Kwehlisa izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo, kulungisa ukuphefumula, futhi kuqondise amandla enkambisweni yokugaya ukudla.
Bheka leli thebula ukuze uchaze kabanzi umehluko phakathi kwalokhu okubili.
| Isitho/Inqubo | Uhlelo lokuzwelana ("Ukulwa noma Ukubaleka") | Uhlelo lwe-Parasympathetic ("Ukuphumula Nokugaya") |
|---|---|---|
| Inhliziyo | Kukhulisa izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo. | Yehlisa izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo. |
| Amaphaphu | Yandisa imigudu yokuphefumula (iphefumula ngokujulile) | Kunciphisa imigudu yokuphefumula (kwenza ukuphefumula kube ngokwejwayelekile) |
| Amehlo | Umnyama wenza iris ibe nkulu (ukukhanya okwengeziwe) | Umnyama wenza iris ibe ncane (kukhawulela ukukhanya) |
| Uhlelo lokugaya ukudla | Kunciphisa ukugaya ukudla (kuqondisa amandla kwezinye izinto) | Kusheshisa ukugaya ukudla. |
| Izindlala zamathe | Kunciphisa ukukhiqizwa kwamathe (umlomo owomile) | Kwandisa ukukhiqizwa kwamathe |
Kalula nje, uhlelo lozwela lusisiza ukuba sisinde ezimweni eziphuthumayo, kuyilapho uhlelo lwe-parasympathetic lusithulisa, lugcine umzimba, futhi lusisize ukuba siphile impilo yesikhathi eside.
Ngakho-ke, kwenzekani ngempela emzimbeni ngalesi simiso?
Manje sesiyazi ukuthi lolu uhlelo "lokuphumula nokugaya ukudla". Ake sibone ukuthi lokhu kunamiphumela miphi ezingxenyeni ezahlukene zomzimba wethu.
- Amehlo: Inhlamvu yeso lakho iyancipha, ilawula inani lokukhanya okungena esweni lakho. Kuphinde kusize ekulungiseni amehlo akho ukuze abone izinto eduze futhi kuveze izinyembezi.
- Impumulo nomlomo: Kwandisa ukukhiqizwa kwamathe emlonyeni. Kusiza ekukhiqizeni amafinyila ekhaleni. Kokubili lokhu kusiza ekugayweni kokudla kanye nokuphefumula kalula uma uphumule.
- Amaphaphu: Uma uphumule, imisipha emigudwini yakho yomoya iyaqina kancane, okunciphisa umsebenzi odingekayo emaphashini akho.
- Inhliziyo: Yehlisa ukushaya kwenhliziyo kanye namandla okushaya kwenhliziyo, inike inhliziyo ukuphumula.
- Uhlelo lokugaya ukudla: Lusheshisa ukugaya ukudla futhi lunikeze amandla adingekayo kukho. Luphinde lubonise ukuthi ama-pancreas akhiqiza futhi akhiphe i-insulin. Le insulin iphula ushukela esiwudlayo ube uhlobo olungasetshenziswa amangqamuzana omzimba.
- Inqubo yokukhipha isisu: Ikhulula imisipha elawula ukuchama kanye nokuphuma kwesisu, okwenza inqubo ibe lula.
- Uhlelo lokuzala: Luphatha imisebenzi eminingana yocansi emzimbeni. Isibonelo, lolu hlelo luhilelekile ezintweni ezifana nokuma kwabesilisa kanye nokukhishelwa koketshezi olugcobayo ngesikhathi socansi kwabesifazane.
Yiziphi izifo nezinkinga ezithinta lolu hlelo?
Ngokuvamile, lolu hlelo lusebenza buthule futhi kahle, kodwa ezinye izimo zezokwelapha kanye nezingozi kungaphazamisa ukusebenza kwalo.
- Isifo Sikashukela Sohlobo 2: Isifo sikashukela esingalawulwa singabangela ukulimala kwemizwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Lo monakalo ungathinta nesimiso sezinzwa se-parasympathetic.
- Izimo zokuzalwa nezofuzo: Ezinye izimo zokuzalwa zingabangela izinkinga ngalolu hlelo. Isibonelo, ezinye izifo zofuzo ezifana ne-amyloidosis.
- Ukungakwazi ukuzibamba umchamo: Lapho imizwa elawula umchamo nendle yonakele, kungenzeka ukungakwazi ukuzibamba.
- Ukuwohloka Kwesistimu Ehlukahlukene: Lesi yisimo esibi kakhulu esifana nesifo sikaParkinson. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, silimaza uhlelo lwezinzwa oluzimele.
- Ukungasebenzi kahle kocansi: Uma uhlelo lwe-parasympathetic lonakele, amadoda angaba nokungasebenzi kahle kokuchama.
- Ukulimala: Ukulimala, ikakhulukazi emgogodleni, kungabangela umonakalo wesikhathi eside noma unomphela ezinzwa, okungamisa ukudluliselwa kwezimpawu ze-parasympathetic.
Uma kunenkinga, yiziphi izimpawu?
Ngenxa yokuthi lolu hlelo lusebenza ngokuzenzakalelayo, siqaphela kuphela ukuthi kunenkinga uma into okufanele yenzeke ngokuvamile ingenzeki njengoba kulindelekile.
- Ukuqunjelwa
- Ukwanda kwesilinganiso senhliziyo ngisho nalapho uphumule (i-tachycardia)
- Izinkinga zesigqi senhliziyo (isb. i-atrial fibrillation)
- Ukuziphatha okubi ngokocansi
- Izinkinga zokugaya ukudla (isb., i-gastroparesis)
Uma unezimpawu ezinjengalezi, kungcono kakhulu ukubona udokotela wakho bese ukhuluma ngakho.
Yini esingayenza ukuze sigcine lesi simiso sezinzwa siphilile?
Ukuvikela uhlelo olubaluleke kangaka kubalulekile empilweni yethu iyonke. Ngenhlanhla, izinguquko ezilula zendlela yokuphila zingasisiza kakhulu ekusigcineni siphilile.
- Yidla ukudla okunempilo: Ukuntuleka kwamavithamini, ikakhulukazi ukuntuleka kwevithamini B12, kungalimaza isimiso sezinzwa. Futhi, ukuthatha amavithamini amaningi (isib. ivithamini B6) nakho kungaba yingozi ezinzwa. Ngakho-ke, qaphela ngokudla ukudla okunempilo.
- Gwema izidakamizwa notshwala: Ukuphuza utshwala ngokweqile nokusebenzisa izidakamizwa kuyingozi ohlelweni lwezinzwa, ngakho-ke gwema ukuzisebenzisa.
- Yiba matasa ngokomzimba futhi ulondoloze isisindo esinempilo: Njengoba sixoxile ngaphambili, isifo sikashukela siyalimaza imizwa. Ngakho-ke, ungavikela isimiso sakho sezinzwa ngokuvimbela noma ukulawula isifo sikashukela ngokuzivocavoca nokugcina isisindo esinempilo.
- Gqoka imishini yokuphepha: Sebenzisa izigqoko zokuzivikela namabhande okuphepha ngendlela efanele ukuvimbela ukulimala kwemizwa okuvela ezingozini emsebenzini noma ngenkathi udlala imidlalo.
- Phatha izifo ezingamahlalakhona ngendlela efanele: Uma unesifo esingamahlalakhona esingathinta uhlelo lwezinzwa, njengesifo sikashukela noma umfutho wegazi ophakeme, landela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho ngokucophelela. Thatha imithi yakho ngendlela efanele futhi wenze izinguquko endleleni yokuphila. Lokhu kungasiza ekunciphiseni umonakalo emithanjeni yakho obangelwa yilesi sifo.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Uhlelo lwezinzwa lwe-parasympathetic luhlelo "lokuphumula nokugaya" oluzolisa umzimba wethu, luwugcine uphumule, futhi longe amandla.
- Lokhu kusiza ukulinganisela uhlelo lwe-"Fight or Flight" (lozwela) olusebenza ezimweni eziphuthumayo futhi lubuyisele umzimba esimweni esijwayelekile.
- Lolu hlelo lulawula imisebenzi eminingi ebalulekile esiyenzayo singazi, njengokugaya ukudla, ukulawula izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo, kanye nokukhipha ukudla.
- Indlela yokuphila enempilo (ukudla okulinganiselayo, ukuvivinya umzimba, nokugwema izidakamizwa) kungavikela lesi simiso esibalulekile.
- Uma unezimpawu (njengokuqunjelwa, ukushaya kwenhliziyo okukhulu lapho uphumule) ocabanga ukuthi zingase zihlobene nokusebenza kwalolu hlelo, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngakho.
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