Ingabe ingane yakho inamaseli amhlophe egazi aphansi? Ake sifunde ngalesi simo esiyingozi (i-Neutropenia)!

Bomama nobaba, kungenzeka ukuthi benisaba kancane lapho nibona umbiko wegazi lengane yenu futhi udokotela ethi, 'Ama-neutrophil aphansi' noma 'Amaseli egazi amhlophe aphansi', akunjalo? Noma uma ingane yakho igula njalo, kungenzeka ukuthi uzibuze ukuthi ngabe yimbangela yalokhu. Ngakho-ke namuhla sizokhuluma ngesimo esibizwa ngokuthi `(Neutropenia)` (esibizwa ngokuthi: neutro-penia). Uma ukuqonda kahle lokhu, kuzoba usizo olukhulu kuwe ukuphatha kahle ngaphandle kokwesaba ngokungadingekile.

Kusho ukuthini nje ukuthi `(Neutropenia)`?

Kalula nje, `(Neutropenia)` kusho ukuthi asinalo uhlobo olukhethekile lweseli elimhlophe egazini lethu. Sibiza lawa maseli amhlophe egazi ngokuthi `(Neutrophils)`. Cabanga ngalawa `(Neutrophils)` njengamasosha amancane ngaphakathi emizimbeni yethu. Umsebenzi wawo oyinhloko ukulwa namagciwane anjenge `(Bacteria)` angena emizimbeni yethu futhi asivikele ezifweni. `(Bacteria)` uhlobo lwegciwane, futhi yiwo asibangela izifo ezahlukahlukene.

Ngakho-ke, kwenzekani uma silahlekelwa amasosha amaningi abizwa ngokuthi `(Neutrophils)` egazini lethu? Uhlelo lwethu lokuzivikela lomzimba luba buthaka. Khona-ke amagciwane angangena kalula emzimbeni futhi abangele izifo ezinkulu. Yingakho uma ingane ene-`(Neutropenia)` inomkhuhlane, izimpawu zokubomvu eduze kwesilonda, noma umkhuhlane nokuthuthumela, kubalulekile ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha . Kodwa ungakhathazeki, uma uthola ukwelashwa ngokushesha, izifo eziningi ezinganeni ezine-`(Neutropenia)` zingelapheka.

Ziyini izimpawu zomntwana one-"(Neutropenia)"?

Ingane ene-"(Neutropenia)" inamathuba amaningi okuthola izifo kunezinye izingane ezinempilo. Futhi, lezi zifo:

• Kungenzeka kaningi.
• Kungaba kubi nakakhulu.
• Kungaba kubi kakhulu ngokushesha.

Izimpawu zincike ohlotsheni lokutheleleka ingane yakho enalo. Isibonelo, ingane enesifo sendlebe ingaba nobuhlungu endlebeni. Ngezinye izikhathi zingase zibonise nezimpawu ezijwayelekile njengomkhuhlane, ubuhlungu bomzimba, kanye nokulahlekelwa yisifiso sokudla.

Kungani lokhu `(Neutropenia)` kwenzeka? Ziyini izimbangela?

Manje sesiyazi ukuthi i-"Neutropenia" ibangelwa ukwehla kwenani lama-"Neutrophils" egazini. Kunezici eziningana ezibangela lokhu:

• Ukutheleleka okuhlukahlukene: Ukutheleleka okubangelwa amagciwane noma amagciwane kunganciphisa okwesikhashana "(ama-Neutrophils)".
• Imithi: Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali, ikakhulukazi imithi esetshenziselwa ukubulala amangqamuzana omdlavuza, kungathinta umongo wamathambo futhi kunciphise ukukhiqizwa kwama-neutrophils. Eminye imithi nayo ingabangela lokhu.
• Ukwelashwa ngemisebe: Ukwelashwa ngemisebe okusetshenziselwa ukubhubhisa amangqamuzana omdlavuza kungalimaza nomnkantsha wamathambo futhi kuphazamise ukukhiqizwa kwama-neutrophil.
• Izinkinga zofuzo:Ezinye izingane zingase zibe ne-"Neutropenia" ngenxa yesimo sofuzo esikhona lapho zizalwa. Lokhu kubizwa nangokuthi "Congenital neutropenia".
• Ukungasebenzi kahle komnkantsha: Umnkantsha uyingxenye efana nesiponji ngaphakathi kwamathambo ethu. Yilapho kukhiqizwa khona amangqamuzana ethu egazi. Ngakho-ke, noma iyiphi inkinga kulo mnkantsha ingaholela ekunciphiseni ukukhiqizwa kwama-`(Neutrophils)`.
• Isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela sihlasela "ama-Neutrophils" aso: Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi "i-Autoimmune neutropenia". Okwenzekayo lapha ukuthi isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela, esilwa namagciwane emizimbeni yethu, ngephutha sibhubhisa amaseli "ama-Neutrophils" aso.

Ngezinye izikhathi, i-neutropenia ingafika iphinde iphele (i-cyclic neutropenia) . Lokhu kusho ukuthi izinga lama-neutrophils liyehla njalo ezinsukwini ezimbalwa bese libuyela esimweni esijwayelekile. Kwezinye izimo, odokotela abakwazi ukuthola imbangela ye-neutropenia (i-idiopathic neutropenia) .

Wazi kanjani ukuthi une-`(Neutropenia)`?

Odokotela baxilonga i-neutropenia ngokuhlolwa kwegazi okubizwa ngokuthi i-Complete Blood Count (CBC). Lokhu kulinganisa inani lezinhlobo ezahlukene zamaseli egazini.

Ukuze athole ukuthi kungani ingane ine-neutropenia, udokotela we-hematologist, udokotela ogxile ezifweni zegazi, angenza ezinye izivivinyo eziningana. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:

• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi lengane nge-microscopic.
• Ukuthatha isampula encane kakhulu yomnkantsha (`(Bone marrow biopsy)`) bese uyihlola ngaphansi kwe-microscope.
• Ukuhlolwa kwezifo ezahlukahlukene.
• Ukuhlolwa kofuzo.

Lezi zivivinyo yizo ezinquma imbangela eqondile ye-neutropenia.

Iphathwa kanjani i-Neutropenia?

Ukwelashwa kwe-`(Neutropenia)` kuncike embangela kanye nobucayi besimo. Akuzona zonke izimo ze-`(Neutropenia)` ezidinga ukwelashwa.

Odokotela basebenzisa inani elibizwa ngokuthi `ANC (Absolute Neutrophil Count)` ukuze benze izinqumo zokwelashwa. `ANC` iyisilinganiso esinembile senani lamaseli `(Neutrophils)` egazini. Uma leli nani liphansi, kulapho ingozi yokuba ingane ibe nesifo esingathi sína iba phezulu.

Uma kudingeka ukwelashwa, kunezindlela eziningana ezitholakalayo:

1. Ukulungiswa kwesimo `(Neutropenia)`:

• Imijovo ye-Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Growth Factor (G-CSF): Lokhu kukhuthaza umongo wethambo ukuthi ukhiqize ama-neutrophil engeziwe.
• Imithi ye-steroid: Le mithi isetshenziselwa ukuvimba amasosha omzimba ekubhubhiseni ama-neutrophils (ikakhulukazi kuma-neutropenia azimele).
• Ukumpontshelwa amangqamuzana amhlophe egazi: Ukunikeza ingane amangqamuzana engeziwe okulwa nezifo.
• Ukufakelwa kweseli lesiqu:Lokhu kuhilela ukufaka amaseli okuqala aphilayo avela kumuntu onikelayo esikhundleni samaseli okuqala aphilayo akha igazi. Lokhu kuvame ukwenziwa ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu.
• Ukususwa kwe-spleenectomy: Ngezinye izikhathi i-spleen ibhubhisa ama-neutrophil, ngakho-ke ukususa i-spleen kungandisa amazinga e-neutrophil.

2. Ukuvimbela nokwelapha izifo:

• Ama-antibiotic: Ama-antibiotic anikezwa ukwelapha izifo uma zenzeka noma ngezinye izikhathi ukuvimbela izifo.

3. Imiyalelo ekhethekile yezingane ezinenani eliphansi kakhulu lama-neutrophil kanye nengozi ephezulu yokutheleleka:

Kumelwe kuthathwe ukunakekelwa okukhethekile ukuvikela laba bantwana ezifweni.

Okubalulekile: Ukulandela le miyalelo kungavikela ingane yakho ezifweni eziningi.

• Gwema izindawo ezinabantu abaningi, njengezikole, ngangokunokwenzeka.
• Ukuhlala kude nabantu abagulayo.
• Uma uhamba ngezinhloso ezibalulekile, gqoka imaski yobuso.
• Geza izandla zakho kahle (ngensipho namanzi okungenani imizuzwana engama-20) kaningi.
• Ukuxubha nokuhlikihla amazinyo akho nsuku zonke.
• Ungasebenzisi i-thermometer yangemuva ukuhlola umkhuhlane (lokhu kungabangela ukulimala futhi kufake amagciwane).
• Uma uthola inxeba elincane, lihlanze ngokushesha bese ufaka iplasta.
• Gwema ukusebenzisa izinto ezibukhali njengezinsingo (njengoba zingabangela izifo uma zisikiwe).
• Ukugwema ukudla okuthile:
• Ubisi olungaphekwanga kanye nokudla kobisi okungaphekwanga.
• Izithelo, imifino, namantongomane aluhlaza – uma nje kuhlanziwe kahle futhi kuphekiwe, kulungile.
• Uju oluluhlaza.
• Lokhu kudla kuyagwenywa ngoba kungase kube namagciwane.

Ningasiza kanjani njengabazali?

Uma ingane yakho ine-neutropenia, kubalulekile ukulandela imiyalelo kadokotela ngqo.

• Hlola igazi ngezinsuku ezihleliwe.
• Nikeza imithi oyinikezwe udokotela ngesikhathi esifanele nangesikhathi esifanele.
• Landela imiyalelo enikeziwe ukuze uvimbele ukutheleleka ngqo.

Uma wenza lezi zinto ngendlela efanele, ungaphatha kahle isimo sengane yakho.

Kufanele ubonane nini nodokotela? (Izimo eziphuthumayo!)

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukufuna usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha uma ingane ene-neutropenia ikhombisa noma yiziphi izimpawu zokutheleleka. Ngokwelashwa okusheshayo, ingane ivame ukululama ngokushesha.

Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezilandelayo , yazisa udokotela wakho ngokushesha:

• Uma umkhuhlane ungaphezu kwama-degree Celsius angu-38 (100.4 Fahrenheit).
• Uma uzizwa ubanda, uthuthumela futhi/noma ujuluka.
• Ukukhwehlela, ubunzima bokuphefumula.
• Izilonda zomlomo, umphimbo obuhlungu.
• Ubuhlungu lapho uchama.
• Uma kukhona ukubomvu futhi kusakazeka eduze kwesilonda sesikhumba.
• Ukuhlanza noma uhudo.
• Ubuhlungu obusha.

Uma ubona uphawu olufana nalolu, bona udokotela ngokushesha.

Izinto ezengeziwe okufanele uzazi...

Ukuba nengane enesifo esibucayi kungaba yinselele kunoma yimuphi umndeni. Kodwa khumbula ukuthi awuwedwa. Khuluma nanoma ubani eqenjini lezokwelapha lengane yakho bese ubuza ngezindlela zokuthola ukwesekwa okudingayo. Ungathola futhi ulwazi olwengeziwe kanye nokusekelwa kumawebhusayithi ezokwelapha athembekile ku-inthanethi (isb., iwebhusayithi ye-World Health Organization, amawebhusayithi ezibhedlela ezidumile). Kodwa-ke, akuyona yonke imininingwane etholakala ku-inthanethi enembile, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukukhuluma nodokotela ukuqinisekisa ukunemba kolwazi.

Izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu okufanele uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Kulungile, ngakho-ke, kulokho esikuxoxile namuhla, ngithemba ukuthi usuthole ukuqonda okungcono nge-`(Neutropenia)`.

I-Neutropenia ukwehla kwenani lamaseli amhlophe egazi abizwa ngokuthi ama-neutrophils egazini. Lokhu kungakwenza ube sengozini enkulu yokutheleleka.

Kungaba nezizathu eziningi, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ungase ungakwazi ngisho nokuthola isizathu.

Ukuxilongwa kwenziwa ngokuhlolwa kwegazi.

Ukwelashwa kuncike embangela kanye nobunzima. Akuwona wonke umuntu odinga ukwelashwa.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela izimpawu zokutheleleka futhi ufune iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha uma ubona noma yiziphi.

Ungavikela ingane yakho ngokulandela iseluleko sezokwelapha ngqo nangokusebenzisa izindlela zokuvimbela ukutheleleka.

Ngifisela ingane yakho ukululama okusheshayo! Ngithemba ukuthi lolu lwazi luzokusiza.

I- Neutropenia, i-neutropenia, inani eliphansi lamaseli amhlophe egazi, izifo zobuntwana, izifo, i-ANC, izifo zegazi, ukuntuleka kwamasosha omzimba