Ingabe ingane yakho inenkinga yomzimba? Ake sifunde ngokwelashwa ngokomzimba.

Ngezinye izikhathi izingane zethu zingaba nezinkinga ezihlukahlukene zomzimba ngenxa yezingozi, izifo, noma ukukhubazeka okuhlukahlukene, akunjalo? Cabanga nje, ukuthi sidabukisa kangakanani njengabazali lapho kwenzeka ingozi encane ngenkathi idlala, noma lapho ingane ingakwazi ukuhamba, ukugijima, noma ukugxuma kahle ngenxa yokukhubazeka okuthile okuzalwa nakho. Ngezinye izikhathi ezinjengalezi odokotela bavame ukuncoma ukwelashwa ngokomzimba. Ngakho-ke, namuhla sizokhuluma ngokuningiliziwe ngokuthi kuyini ukwelashwa ngokomzimba , ukuthi kunikeza ziphi izinzuzo ezinganeni zethu, nokuthi ubani owenza lokhu kwelashwa.

Kuyini Ukwelashwa Komzimba?

Kalula nje, ukwelashwa ngokomzimba kuyindlela yokwelapha ekhethekile esiza abantu ukuba balulame ekulimaleni, ekuguleni, noma esimweni esithinte ukunyakaza kwabo kanye nekhono labo lokwenza imisebenzi yansuku zonke. Lokhu kwenziwa ngabantu abaqeqeshwe ngokukhethekile ababizwa ngokuthi Ochwepheshe Bezokwelapha Ngomzimba (PTs) . Cabanga ngengane yakho ikhubeka iqakala layo ngenkathi idlala imidlalo. Ingane ayikwazi ukuhamba kahle futhi isezinhlungwini. Esimweni esinjalo, udokotela wezokwelapha ngokomzimba angenza okulandelayo:

• Siza ukunciphisa ubuhlungu .
• Fundisa izivivinyo zokuthuthukisa ukunyakaza kwengane, okungukuthi, ukunyakaza komzimba, ukugoba kwamalunga kanye nokwelula (ububanzi bokunyakaza) .
• Siza ingane ukuthi iqhubeke nemisebenzi yayo yansuku zonke , njengokuya esikoleni nokudlala.
• Qinisa imisipha ezungeze ukulimala bese uyiqondisa ukuvimbela ukulimala okufanayo ukuthi kungenzeki futhi.
• Fundisa ingane nomndeni ukuthi bangakuvimbela kanjani ukulimala esikhathini esizayo .

Umgomo oyinhloko wokwelashwa ngokomzimba ukusiza ingane ukuthi isebenze kahle kakhulu ngamakhono ayo omzimba.

Kudingeka nini ukwelashwa ngokomzimba?

Ukwelashwa ngokomzimba kungadingeka noma nini lapho ingane inenkinga ngokunyakaza komzimba wayo okuphazamisa imisebenzi yayo yansuku zonke. Odokotela bavame ukuncoma ukwelashwa ngokomzimba ezinganeni ezinezimo ezilandelayo:

• Ukulimala kwezemidlalo: Ukuqhekeka, ukucindezelwa, kanye nokuphuka okwenzeka ngesikhathi sokugijima noma ukudlala.
• Ukubambezeleka kokukhula: Ezinye izingane ziyephuza ukukhasa, ukuhlala phansi, nokuhamba, njengoba kufanele iminyaka yazo. Ngezikhathi ezinjalo.
• I-Cerebral Palsy: Lesi yisimo esibangelwa ukulimala kobuchopho. Siphinde sibangele ubunzima bokunyakaza.
• Izifo zofuzo: Ezinye izifo zofuzo zingabangela nobuthakathaka bemisipha kanye nesistimu yamathambo.
• Ukulimala kwamathambo: Izinkinga zamathambo namalunga kanye nangemva kokuhlinzwa.
• Izinkinga zemisipha: Izimo ezahlukahlukene ezihlobene nemisipha namathambo.
• Izimo zenhliziyo namaphaphu: Lezi zimo ngezinye izikhathi zinganciphisa umsebenzi womzimba.
• Izinkinga zokuzalwa (njenge-spina bifida): Lezi zinkinga zomgogodla zingabangela ubunzima bokuhamba.
• Imiphumela enganeni ebangelwa ukuchayeka kukamama ezidakamizweni noma otshwaleni ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.
• Ukulimala okukhulu.
• Ukulimala ekhanda: Lokhu kungathinta nezinto ezifana nokulinganisela nokunyakaza.
• Izinkinga zemilenze: Noma yikuphi ubuthakathaka, ubuhlungu, noma enye inkinga emalungeni.
• Izifo zemisipha.
• Izinkinga zokuhamba ezihlobene ne-autism: Ezinye izingane ezine-autism zingase zibe nezinkinga ngokuxhumana kwemisipha.

Lolu hlu aluphelele, futhi kunezinye izimo eziningi lapho ukwelashwa ngokomzimba kungaba usizo. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha uma usola ukuthi ingane yakho ibhekene nanoma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu.

Benza ini abelaphi bomzimba?

Abelaphi bomzimba ababona nje abantu abakufundisa ukuzivocavoca. Bafunda ngokucophelela isimo sengane yakho futhi bakhe uhlelo lokwelashwa oluqondene ngqo nengane. Lokhu kungafaka izinto ezahlukahlukene. Isibonelo:

• Imisebenzi yokukhula: Uma kungumntwana omncane, imisebenzi yokukhula eyisisekelo njengokukhasa, ukugingqika, ukuhlala, ukuma, nokuhamba iyaqhutshwa.
• Imisebenzi ethuthukisa ibhalansi nokuxhumana: Imidlalo nokuzivocavoca okusiza ukuthuthukisa ibhalansi nokuxhumana kwamalungu.
• Ukudlala okuzivumelanisa nezimo: Ukwelashwa kunikezwa ngokushintsha indlela ingane edlala ngayo ngokwekhono layo nobunzima bayo.
• Ukwelashwa ngamanzi: Ngezinye izikhathi, ukwelashwa ngamanzi kungaba wusizo kakhulu. Isisindo somzimba sincane emanzini, ngakho-ke ungazivocavoca ngaphandle kokucindezela kakhulu amalunga akho.
• Thuthukisa ukujikeleza kwegazi ezindaweni ezilimele futhi unciphise ubuhlungu: Lokhu kusebenzisa amadivayisi nezindlela ezahlukahlukene njengokushisa , ukubanda, ukuvuselela ngogesi, ukubhucungwa, kanye ne-ultrasound .
• Ukuqeqeshwa kokwakha amandla endaweni elimele.
• Ukuzivocavoca okwandisa ukuguquguquka nokwandisa ububanzi bokunyakaza kwamalunga. Lokhu kunciphisa ukuqina futhi kwenza ukunyakaza kube lula.
• Ukunikeza iseluleko sendlela yokugwema ukulimala futhi (ukuvimbela ukulimala).
• Izinhlelo zokuphepha nokuvimbela.

Udokotela wezokwelapha uzofundisa ingane izivivinyo, amfundise ukuthi azenze kanjani ngendlela efanele nangokuphephile , futhi ahlinzeke nohlelo lokuzivocavoca ekhaya.

Kwenzekani uma uya kudokotela wezokwelapha ngokomzimba?

Uma uyisa ingane yakho kudokotela wezokwelapha ngokomzimba, into yokuqala eyenzekayo ukuhlolwa okuhle kwesimo sengane. Lokho kusho ukuthi:

• Ukuguquguquka kwengane kanye namandla emisipha kuyalinganiswa.
• Indlela ingane ehamba futhi egijima ngayo, okungukuthi, indlela ehamba ngayo, ibhekwa futhi ihlaziywe ngokucophelela.
• Kuhlolwa izinzwa eziningana ukuze kubonwe ukuthi amakhono enzwa yengane aqhathaniswa kanjani nezinye izingane ezingontanga efanayo. Lokhu kungasiza futhi ekunqumeni ukuthi kukhona yini ukubambezeleka kokukhula.
• Ngezinye izikhathi, uma ingane idinga Uhlelo Lwemfundo Yomuntu Ngamunye (i-IEP) , kuxoxwa ngalo namanye amalungu eqembu, njengodokotela, izazi zengqondo, kanye nothisha besikole.
• Kunikezwa imiyalelo ecacile mayelana nezinhlelo zokuzivocavoca ekhaya . Ukwenza lokhu ngendlela efanele kubaluleke kakhulu ukuze ukwelashwa kuphumelele.
• Uma ingane ingumdlali wezemidlalo, kuyanconywa futhi uma kuphephile ukubuyela kwezemidlalo .

Khumbula, umelaphi wezokwelapha ngokomzimba unjengomngane omkhulu kuwe nakumntanakho. Ungesabi ukukhuluma naye nganoma yimiphi imibuzo noma ukukhathazeka onakho.

Singamthola kanjani uchwepheshe wezokwelapha ngokomzimba omuhle?

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthola uchwepheshe wezokwelapha ngokomzimba oqeqeshiwe. Ngokuvamile basebenza ezindaweni ezifana nalezi:

• Ezibhedlela zikahulumeni nezizimele
• Ezikhungweni zezokwelapha ezizimele (izikhungo zezokwelapha ezizimele)
• Ezikhungweni zokuzivocavoca umzimba
• Izindawo zokuvuselela
• Kwezinye izikhungo zocwaningo

ungakwazi:

• Cela udokotela womndeni wakho akunike iseluleko.
• Uma unomshuwalense wezokwelapha , ungawuthola futhi kuleso sikhungo.
• ESri Lanka, ungathola ulwazi oluvela ezinhlanganweni ezifana neSri Lanka Society of Physiotherapy . Kukhona nolwazi oluku-inthanethi mayelana nalokhu. (Isibonelo, kwamanye amazwe, kunezingosi zezinhlangano ezifana ne-'The American Physical Therapy Association'.)

Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya

Ukwelashwa ngokomzimba kuyindlela yokwelapha engasiza kakhulu ekuthuthukiseni inhlalakahle yomzimba kanye nekhwalithi yokuphila kwezingane zethu. Kungaphezu nje kokwenza izivivinyo ezithile. Abelaphi bomzimba bangochwepheshe abaqeqeshwe kakhulu abahlela ukwelashwa ngokwezindlela zesayensi futhi balungiselelwe isimo sengane. Uma ingane yakho ibhekene nanoma yikuphi ukungakhululeki, ubuhlungu, noma izinkinga zokunyakaza, ungangabazi ukukhuluma nodokotela ngakho futhi, uma kudingeka, funa ukwelashwa ngokomzimba. Ukuthola ukwelashwa okufanele esigabeni sokuqala kuzosiza ingane yakho ukuthi ilulame ngokushesha futhi ibuyele emisebenzini yayo evamile. Futhi, ukwesekwa kwakho kubaluleke kakhulu enganeni yakho phakathi nale nqubo yokwelashwa. Ukulandela imiyalelo enikezwe yilaphi bomzimba, ukwenza izivivinyo ezinikezwa ekhaya ngendlela efanele, nokukhuthaza ingane yakho kungenza ukwelashwa kuphumelele kakhulu.