Kubantu abaningi, ikakhulukazi izingane ezincane, umphimbo obuhlungu kuyinto evamile, evame ukubizwa ngokuthi i-tonsillitis. Abanye abantu babiza lokhu ngokuthi "izindlala ezivuvukele emphinjeni." Kodwa iyini ngempela i-tonsillitis? Kungani kwenzeka? Ake sixoxe ngakho konke namuhla ngendlela elula ongayiqonda kalula.
Okokuqala, ake sibone ukuthi yini ama-tonsils.
Ama-tonsils ayizinqwaba ezimbili ezincane zezicubu ezitholakala ngemuva komphimbo, kuzo zombili izinhlangothi. Cabanga ngawo njengabaqaphi ababili ababekwe emnyango womzimba wethu. Lawa ma-tonsils asiza ekuvikeleni imizimba yethu kumagciwane—izinto eziphilayo ezincane ezibangela izifo—ezizama ukungena ngomlomo nasemakhaleni ethu. Empeleni ayingxenye yesimiso sethu somzimba sokuzivikela , inethiwekhi yokuzivikela yomzimba elwa nezifo.
Ngakho-ke, kuyini i-tonsillitis?
Kalula nje, i-tonsillitis ukuvuvukala kwama-tonsils amabili esisanda kuxoxa ngawo. Uma ungajwayelene negama elithi "ukuvuvukala," kusho ukuthi ngenkathi ulwa namagciwane, ama-tonsils aba bomvu, avuvuke, futhi abe buhlungu. Kunjengokungathi onogada bethu ababili sebegula futhi abakwazi ukwenza imisebenzi yabo kahle.
Ziyini izimpawu ze-tonsillitis?
Uma wena noma ingane ekhaya lakho ine-tonsillitis, ungase uqaphele eyodwa noma ngaphezulu yalezi zimpawu ezilandelayo. Khumbula ukuthi akuwona wonke umuntu ozobhekana nazo zonke izimpawu.
- Umphimbo obuhlungu kakhulu: Lolu uphawu lokuqala oluyinhloko noluvame kakhulu. Lungaba buhlungu hhayi kuphela lapho ugwinya noma ukhuluma kodwa ngisho nalapho uphumule. Izingane ezincane zingakhala lapho zizama ukudla noma ukuphuza, noma zingase zenqabe ukudla nhlobo.
- Amathonsili abomvu navuvukele: Uma uvula umlomo bese ubheka ngokukhanya, ungabona amathonsili ezinhlangothini zombili zomphimbo ekhulisiwe futhi ebomvu. Ngezinye izikhathi, angaba noqweqwe olumhlophe noma oluphuzi , noma ungase ubone amabala amancane amhlophe.
- Umkhuhlane: Ungase ube nomkhuhlane njengoba izinga lokushisa lomzimba likhuphuka. Ngezinye izikhathi umkhuhlane ungaba phezulu kakhulu, udlule ku-38°C (100.4°F).
- Umoya omubi: Ngenxa yokutheleleka emathonyeni, ungase uqaphele iphunga elibi kakhulu kunokuvamile elivela emlonyeni.
- Ama-lymph node avuvukele entanyeni: Lokhu kuvame ukubizwa ngokuthi "ama-gland avuvukele." Ungase uzwe amaqhubu amancane ngaphansi komhlathi noma ezinhlangothini zentamo. Lawa angaba mnene uma uwathinta. Lawa ama-lymph node akho, avuvukala ngoba nawo alwa nokutheleleka.
- Ubunzima bokugwinya: Ngenxa yokuthi umphimbo ubuhlungu, ukugwinya ukudla neziphuzo kuba nzima. Ngisho noketshezi kungaba nzima ukugwinya, yingakho izingane zivame ukwenqaba ukudla.
- Ubuhlungu besisu: Ikakhulukazi ezinganeni ezincane, umphimbo obuhlungu ngezinye izikhathi ungahambisana nobuhlungu besisu noma isicanucanu.
- Ikhanda elibuhlungu: Ungase ube nekhanda elibuhlungu, noma unomkhuhlane noma ungenawo.
- Ubuhlungu bomzimba nokukhathala: Njengomkhuhlane ovamile wegciwane, ungase uzizwe ubuhlungu bomzimba kanye nomuzwa wobuthakathaka.
- Ukushintsha kwezwi: Ngezinye izikhathi izwi lingase libe nomsindo noma lishintshe. Kungase kuzwakale sengathi kukhona okubhajwe emphinjeni.
Kungani sithola i-tonsillitis? Ziyini izimbangela?
Manje, ake sibheke ukuthi kungani kwenzeka le tonsillitis ekhathazayo. Kunezimbangela ezimbili eziyinhloko:
1. Ukutheleleka ngegciwane: Ezimweni eziningi, cishe u-70%–80% wezimo ze-tonsillitis zibangelwa ukutheleleka ngegciwane. Lawa ngokuvamile amagciwane afanayo abangela umkhuhlane noma umkhuhlane. Izibonelo zifaka phakathi i-Adenovirus, igciwane le-Influenza, igciwane le-Parainfluenza, ama-Enterovirus (abangela isifo sezandla, unyawo, nomlomo), kanye negciwane le-Epstein-Barr (elibangela i-mononucleosis ethelelanayo, lapho ama-tonsil evuvukala khona kakhulu). Into ebaluleke kakhulu okufanele uyiqaphele ukuthi ama-antibiotic ngokuvamile awasebenzi kahle ngokumelene ne-tonsillitis egciwane.
2. Ukutheleleka ngamagciwane: Amacala asele angu-20%–30% abangelwa amagciwane. Igciwane elibaluleke kakhulu nelikhathazayo yiStreptococcus . Ngokukhethekile, i-Group A beta-hemolytic Streptococcus (GABHS) ingabangela i-tonsillitis enzima kakhulu futhi, uma ingelashwa, ingaholela kwezinye izinkinga. Yilokhu esikubiza ngokuthi "umphimbo we-Strep." Kumagciwane anjengalawa, ukwelashwa ngama-antibiotic kubalulekile.
Ingabe i-tonsillitis iyathelelana?
Yebo, i-tonsillitis iyathelelana impela. Isakazeka njengomkhuhlane ovamile noma umkhuhlane. Amagciwane angadluliselwa ngamaconsi aphuma emoyeni lapho umuntu onegciwane ekhwehlela noma ethimula, noma ngokwabelana ngezinto ezifana nezitsha noma amathawula. Uma uthinta lezi zinto bese uthinta umlomo wakho, impumulo, noma amehlo, amagciwane angangena emzimbeni wakho. Yingakho kunconywa ukuthi ingane ene-tonsillitis ihlale ekhaya ingayi esikoleni izinsuku ezimbalwa ukuze igweme ukuyisabalalisa kwabanye.
Ingabe udinga ukubona udokotela? Kufanele sifune nini iseluleko sezokwelapha?
Ngezinye izikhathi, i-tonsillitis ingaphela yodwa zingakapheli izinsuku ezimbalwa, ikakhulukazi uma ibangelwa yigciwane. Kodwa-ke, kunconywa kakhulu ukubona udokotela ezimweni ezilandelayo, njengoba lesi simo ngezinye izikhathi singaba sibi kakhulu:
- Uma umphimbo obuhlungu uqhubeka isikhathi esingaphezu kwezinsuku ezimbili , ikakhulukazi uma uba mubi kakhulu.
- Uma unomkhuhlane ophezulu (ngaphezu kuka-38.3°C / 101°F).
- Uma unenkinga enkulu yokugwinya , ikakhulukazi uma ungakwazi ngisho nokugwinya uketshezi (lokhu kungaholela ekuphelelweni amanzi emzimbeni).
- Uma unenkinga yokuphefumula.
sengathi uzizwa sengathi uyaminyana, uma kukhona umsindo wokuphefumula lapho uphefumula, noma uma uzizwa sengathi uyacinana lapho ulele.
Khumbula, uma ingane encane inalezi zimpawu, into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukubonana nodokotela ngokushesha ngaphandle kokuchitha isikhathi. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi uma ukutheleleka ngamagciwane, ikakhulukazi i-GABHS, kungelashwa kahle, ngezinye izikhathi kungaholela ezinkingeni eziyingozi njenge -Rheumatic fever (engalimaza inhliziyo).
Udokotela uhlonza kanjani i-tonsillitis?
Uma uvakashela udokotela, bazoqala bakubuze ngezimpawu zakho—ukuthi ukungakhululeki kwaqala nini, ukuthi unomkhuhlane, ukuthi unenkinga yokugwinya, njalo njalo. Ngemuva kwalokho, bazohlola umphimbo wakho kanye nesimo samathonsi akho. Bazohlola ukuthi amathonsi abomvu, avuvukile, noma anamabala amhlophe. Bazophinde bazizwele intamo yakho ukuze babone ukuthi ama-lymph node avuvukile noma abuhlungu.
Ezimweni eziningi, udokotela angakwazi ukuthola ukuthi une-tonsillitis yini ngalokhu kuhlolwa.
Kodwa-ke, uma udinga ukwazi ngokuqinisekile ukuthi kubangelwa amagciwane (ikakhulukazi igciwane le-Streptococcus), udokotela angenza i- throat swab . Lokhu kuhilela ukusebenzisa i-cotton swab encane ukuthatha isampula ebusweni bama-tonsils nangemuva komphimbo, bese ithunyelwa elabhorethri ukuhlola amagciwane. Lena yindlela kuphela yokuqinisekisa ukuthi ngabe ukutheleleka ngamagciwane noma igciwane. Ngezinye izikhathi, ukuhlolwa okusheshayo kwe-strep kungenziwa, okunikeza imiphumela ngemizuzu embalwa ukuze kubonakale ukuthi igciwane le-strep likhona yini. Uma lokhu kuhlolwa kutholakala ukuthi likhona, ukwelashwa kungaqala. Uma kungenayo, kungadingeka ulinde imiphumela yokukhula kwelabhorethri.
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha i-tonsillitis?
Ukwelashwa kwe-tonsillitis kuncike embangela—kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ibangelwa yigciwane noma igciwane.
Uma kuyigciwane elibangelwa yigciwane:
Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, ayikho imithi ethile ye-viral tonsillitis. Lokhu kuvame ukuziphelela kungakapheli izinsuku ezingu-7-10. Ama-antibiotic awanikezwa ngenxa yalokhu ngoba awasebenzi ekulweni namagciwane. Kulesi simo, kufanele ugxile ezintweni ezisiza ekunciphiseni izimpawu futhi zikwenze uzizwe ukhululekile kakhudlwana:
- Phumula ngokwanele: Ukuphumula umzimba wakho kukusiza ukuthi ululame ngokushesha. Uma kungumntwana, kuhle ukunciphisa isikhathi sokudlala nokukhuthaza ukulala.
- Phuza uketshezi oluningi: Amanzi afudumele (hhayi ashisa kakhulu), amasobho afudumele, amajusi ezithelo angashukela, kanye namanzi amakhulu kakhukhunathi kuyaduduza emphinjeni futhi kuvimbela nokuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni.
- Ukugabha: Ungancibilikisa cishe ikota yethisipuni kasawoti engilazini yamanzi afudumele bese ugabha ukuze unciphise ubuhlungu. Yenza lokhu izikhathi eziningana ngosuku. Kodwa-ke, ungaphoqi izingane ezincane ukuba zenze lokhu uma zikuthola kunzima.
- Imithi yokunciphisa ubuhlungu kanye nemithi yokunciphisa umkhuhlane: Imithi yokunciphisa ubuhlungu efana neParacetamol noma i-Ibuprofen ingasetshenziswa ngesilinganiso esinqunyiwe ngaphansi kweseluleko sikadokotela ukunciphisa umkhuhlane, ubuhlungu bomphimbo, kanye nobuhlungu bomzimba. Unganiki izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-18 i-Aspirin, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokugula okubangelwa yigciwane, njengoba ingabangela isimo esiyingozi esibizwa ngokuthi i-Reye's syndrome.
- Ukudla okuthambile: Ngenxa yokuthi umphimbo wakho ubuhlungu, yidla ukudla okuthambile, okulula ukugwinya njengephalishi, iyogathi, ilayisi, isobho, namazambane acutshunguliwe. Gwema ukudla okunongwe, okunamafutha, noma okune-asidi izinsuku ezimbalwa. Nakuba izinto ezibandayo njenge-ayisikhilimu zingase zithokozise abanye, zingase zingakhululeki kwabanye.
- I-humidifier: Uma umoya ekamelweni womile, ukusebenzisa i-humidifier kungasiza ekunciphiseni ukoma komphimbo futhi kunikeze impumuzo.
Uma kuyisifo esibangelwa amagciwane:
Uma udokotela eqinisekisa ukuthi unesifo esibangelwa amagciwane (ikakhulukazi i-Strep throat), uzokunikeza imithi elwa namagciwane , njenge-Penicillin noma i-Amoxicillin.
Lokhu kuyinto okumele uyithathe ngokungathi sína kakhulu: Kumelwe uthathe ama-antibiotic anqunyiwe njengoba nje kuyalelwe, ngesilinganiso esifanele, ngemvamisa efanele, futhi isikhathi sonke. Ungalokothi uyeke ukuthatha umuthi ngoba nje umphimbo wakho obuhlungu uzizwa ungcono ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbili noma ezintathu noma ngoba uzizwa ungcono. Uma ungayiqedi yonke inkambo, amagciwane asele angaba namandla futhi ukutheleleka kungabuya, noma kungaholela ezinkingeni eziyingozi njenge- Rheumatic fever noma izifo zezinso (Post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis). Ngakho-ke, thatha umuthi wakho njengoba nje kuyalelwe.
Ukuhlinzwa kwe-Tonsillitis evame ukwenzeka?
Kwabanye abantu, ikakhulukazi izingane, i-tonsillitis yenzeka izikhathi eziningana ngonyaka futhi inzima kakhulu. Ngaphandle kwalokho, uma ama-tonsil ekhula njalo futhi ebangela ubunzima bokuphefumula noma bokulala (njenge-sleep apnea), udokotela angase ancome ukuhlinzwa ukuze kususwe ama-tonsil, okubizwa ngokuthi i- Tonsillectomy . Kodwa-ke, lokhu kwenziwa kuphela uma kudingeka ngempela, futhi kunezindlela ezithile zokukwenza (isib., izikhathi ezingu-7 ngonyaka odlule, noma izikhathi ezi-5 ngonyaka eminyakeni emi-2 edlule, noma izikhathi ezintathu ngonyaka eminyakeni emi-3 edlule).
Ingabe i-tonsillitis ingavinjelwa?
Nakuba ungeke uthi "Ngikuvimbele ngokuphelele," kunezinto ezimbalwa ezilula kodwa ezibalulekile ongazenza ukuze unciphise ingozi yokuthola i-tonsillitis:
- Gcina imikhuba emihle yokuhlanzeka:
- Geza izandla zakho kahle ngensipho okungenani imizuzwana engama-20 ngaphambi kokudla, ngaphambi kokulungisa ukudla, ngemva kokusebenzisa indlu yangasese, nangemva kokubuya ekhaya uvela ngaphandle. Uma insipho ingekho, sebenzisa isihlanzi sezandla esinotshwala.
- Mboza umlomo nekhala lakho ngendololwane noma ngethishu uma ukhwehlela noma uthimula. Uma usebenzisa ithishu, yilahle emgqonyeni kadoti ngokushesha. Geza izandla zakho ngemva kwalokho.
- Ungabelani ngezinto ezifana nezinkomishi, izipuni, amafoloko, amabhodlela amanzi, noma amathawula owasebenzisa nabanye.
- Gwema abantu abane-tonsillitis noma umphimbo obuhlungu: Ikakhulukazi ezinsukwini zokuqala lapho ukugula kukubi kakhulu.
- Gwema ukubhema nokuba seduze nabantu ababhemayo: Ukubhema ugwayi kungalimaza amathonsi futhi kukwenze ube sengozini enkulu yokutheleleka.
- Gcina amasosha omzimba aphilile: Ungathuthukisa ikhono lomzimba wakho lokulwa nezifo ngokudla ukudla okulinganiselayo, ukulala ngokwanele, nokuzivocavoca.
Ekuphetheni, amaphuzu abalulekile okufanele uwakhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)
Ngiyethemba ukuthi le ngxoxo ikunike ukuqonda okuhle nge-tonsillitis. Ake siphinde sichaze la maphuzu:
- I-tonsillitis ukuvuvukala nobuhlungu obubangelwa ukutheleleka kwama-tonsils kuzo zombili izinhlangothi zomphimbo.
- Kungabangelwa ikakhulukazi amagciwane noma amabhaktheriya.
- Ubuhlungu obukhulu bomphimbo, umkhuhlane, ubunzima bokugwinya, amathonsi abomvu navuvukele, futhi ngezinye izikhathi amabala amhlophe yizimpawu eziyinhloko.
- Nge-tonsillitis ebangelwa yigciwane, ukunakekelwa ekhaya (ukuphumula, uketshezi, imithi yokuqeda ubuhlungu) kuvame ukwanele.
- Uma unesifo esibangelwa amagciwane, ikakhulukazi izimo ezifana ne-'Strep throat', kuyimpoqo ukuthatha ama-antibiotic anqunywe udokotela ngendlela efanele futhi isikhathi sonke.
- Uma umphimbo ubuhlungu kakhulu, uma kunobunzima bokuphefumula, uma kubuhlungu kakhulu ukuwugwinya, noma uma uthola i-tonsillitis njalo, funa iseluleko sikadokotela ngaso sonke isikhathi.
- Ukulandela imikhuba emihle yokuhlanzeka kunganciphisa ingozi yokuthola i-tonsillitis nezinye izifo zokuphefumula.
Okubaluleke kakhulu, lesi sihloko sibhalelwe ukukunikeza ulwazi olujwayelekile nokuqonda mayelana ne-tonsillitis. Uma wena noma othile emndenini wakho enalezi zimpawu, sicela ungathembeli ekuqageleni noma olwazini oluvela ku-inthanethi kuphela; vakashela udokotela ofanelekayo ukuze uthole iseluleko sezokwelapha esifanele kanye nokwelashwa. Lokho kuhlale kuyinto engcono kakhulu nephephile ongayenza. Nginifisela impilo enhle nonke!
# I-tonsillitis, umphimbo obuhlungu, ama-tonsils, umkhuhlane, ama-antibiotics, igciwane, amagciwane, izifo zezingane, izifo zomphimbo, umphimbo obuhlungu
