Cabanga nje ukuthi ngokuzumayo uzwa ubuhlungu obukhulu esifubeni sakho, kanye nesicanucanu . Lobuhlungu buba bubi nakakhulu uma uphefumula kakhulu noma ulala phansi. Kodwa ngokumangazayo, uma uhlala phansi ugoba phambili, kubonakala sengathi kuncipha kancane. Abantu abaningi besaba ukuthi lokhu ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo ngesikhathi esinjengalesi. Lokho kwesaba kunengqondo, kodwa lezi zimpawu zihlukile ekuhlaselweni yinhliziyo, kodwa ngokuqinisekile kungaba yisimo esidinga ukunakwa. Namuhla sikhuluma ngalesi simo esihlobene nenhliziyo yethu. Leso yi -Pericarditis .
Kalula nje, iyini i-Pericarditis?
Inhliziyo yethu ayiyona nje isitho. Izungezwe yisembozo esincane esifana nesikhwama sokuzivikela. Lokhu yikho esikubiza ngokwezokwelapha ngokuthi i-pericardium . Umsebenzi oyinhloko walesi sikhwama ukunciphisa ukungqubuzana okwenzeka lapho inhliziyo ishaya nokuvikela inhliziyo ezifweni ezivela ngaphandle.
Ngakho-ke, i-Pericarditis ukuvuvukala kwesikhwama esivikelayo esizungeze inhliziyo. Uma sithi "ukuvuvukala," cabanga ngakho njengokuthi uma silimala endaweni ethile emzimbeni wethu, indawo iba bomvu, ivuvuke, futhi ibe buhlungu. Lesi yisimo esenzeka kulesi sikhwama esizungeze inhliziyo. Lokhu kuvame ukuqala ngokuzumayo futhi kungahlala amasonto noma izinyanga.
Nakuba lesi simo singakhula kunoma yimuphi ubudala, sivame kakhulu kwabesilisa abaneminyaka ephakathi kuka-16 no-65. Ingxenye engcono kakhulu ukuthi sivame ukwelashwa ngempumelelo futhi selapheke.
Yiziphi izinhlobo eziyinhloko ze-pericarditis?
Lesi simo singahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo eziningana eziyinhloko kuye ngokuthi sithatha isikhathi esingakanani kanye nembangela yokukhula kwaso. Kubalulekile ukuthi ukwazi lokhu.
| Uhlobo | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| Kuye ngokuthi isifo sithatha isikhathi esingakanani | |
| I-Acute Pericarditis (ukuqala ngokuzumayo) | Kuqala ngokuzumayo. Izimpawu zivame ukuhlala ngaphansi kwamasonto angu-4-6. |
| I-Subacute Pericarditis (ehlala isikhathi eside) | Izimpawu zihlala isikhathi esingaphezu kwamasonto angu-4-6, kodwa ngokuvamile ziyanyamalala zingakapheli izinyanga ezintathu. |
| I-Pericarditis Engapheli | Izimpawu ziyaqhubeka izinyanga ezingaphezu kwezintathu ngemva kwesiqephu sokuqala. |
| I-Pericarditis ephindaphindayo | Ngemva kokwelashwa kokuqala nokululama, lesi simo siyaphinda sibuye. Lokhu kungenzeka cishe ku-30% weziguli. |
| Ngokusho kwembangela yesifo | |
| I-Idiopathic Pericarditis | Akukho sizathu esiqondile salokhu. Lolu uhlobo oluvame ukubonakala. |
| I-Pericarditis ethelelanayo | Kubangelwa ukutheleleka okufana namagciwane, amabhaktheriya, noma isikhunta. |
| I-Pericarditis Ebulalayo | Kungabangelwa umdlavuza kwenye indawo emzimbeni. |
| I-Pericarditis Ebuhlungu | Kungenzeka ngemva kokulimala esifubeni, isibonelo, ingozi yemoto. |
| I-Uremic Pericarditis | Isimo esibangelwa ukungasebenzi kahle kwezinso. |
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunenkinga enkulu ebizwa ngokuthi i-Constrictive Pericarditis . Lokhu kwenzeka lapho ulwelwesi lwesikhwama esizungeze inhliziyo luba lujiyile, lube nezibazi, futhi lunamathelane. Lokhu kunciphisa isikhala sokuba inhliziyo ishaye ngokukhululeka.
Ziyini izimpawu ze-pericarditis? Uzibona kanjani?
Uphawu oluyinhloko noluvame kakhulu lwalesi simo ubuhlungu besifuba . Kodwa lokhu akulona ubuhlungu besifuba obuvamile.
- Kuzwakala njengobuhlungu obuhlabayo nobuhlabayo .
- Lobuhlungu buyanda uma ukhwehlela, ugwinya, uphefumula kakhulu, futhi ulala phansi .
- Ubuhlungu buyancipha uma uhleli ugobile phambili .
Lezi zimpawu ezimbili zokugcina (ukwanda lapho ugoba futhi kwehla lapho ugoba phambili) zibaluleke kakhulu ekuhlukaniseni i-pericarditis nokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo.
Lobuhlungu besifuba ngezinye izikhathi bungasakazekela emhlane, entanyeni, noma ngisho nasehlombe lesobunxele.
Ngaphezu kobuhlungu besifuba, ungase ube nezinye izimpawu ezifana nalezi:
- Ubunzima bokuphefumula uma ulele phansi
- Ukukhwehlela okomile okubuhlungu
- Ukushaya kwenhliziyo (ukuzwa sengathi inhliziyo yakho ishaya ngokushesha noma ngokungajwayelekile)
- Ukukhathala
- Imfiva
- Ukuvuvukala kwemilenze, amaqakala, nezinyawo ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu
Uma unezinye zalezi zimpawu, bona udokotela ngokushesha . Uma ucabanga ukuthi izimpawu zakho zimbi kakhulu, iya egumbini lezimo eziphuthumayo esibhedlela esiseduze (i-ETU) ngokushesha okukhulu. Akuyona into enhle ukuhlehlisa izinto.
Kungani i-Pericarditis yenzeka? Yiziphi izimbangela eziyinhloko?
I-Pericarditis ingaba nezimbangela eziningana. Kodwa-ke, emazweni aseNtshonalanga, ivame ukubonakala njenge-idiopathic noma ibangelwa ukutheleleka ngegciwane. Odokotela bahlukanise lezi zimbangela ngezigaba ezimbili eziyinhloko.
1. Izimbangela ezithelelanayo:
- Amagciwane: Amagciwane afana nomkhuhlane, i-COVID-19, i-adenovirus, i-HIV.
- Amabhaktheriya: Ukutheleleka ngamagciwane njengesifo sofuba.
- Isikhunta kanye nezinambuzane: Lokhu akubonakali kakhulu.
2. Izimbangela ezingathelelani:
- Ukuhlinzwa kwesifuba noma ingozi .
- Umdlavuza owenzeka kwenye indawo emzimbeni.
- Izimo zokuzivikela komzimba: Njenge-lupus kanye ne-rheumatoid arthritis, lezi yizimo lapho amasosha omzimba wethu ehlasela khona amangqamuzana ethu.
- I-uremia, inkinga yokwehluleka kwezinso okungalashwa.
- Ukuntuleka okukhulu kwama-hormone e-thyroid (i-hypothyroidism enzima kakhulu) .
Izinto ezandisa ingozi
Usengozini enkulu yokuthola i-pericarditis ngemva kwezehlakalo ezithile.
- Ngemva kokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo:Lokhu kubizwa nangokuthi i-Dressler's syndrome.
- Ngemva kokuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo okuvulekile: Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-postpericardiotomy syndrome.
- Ngemva kokuthola ukwelashwa ngemisebe.
- Ngemva kwezinye izindlela zokwelapha, njengokufaka i-catheter yenhliziyo noma i-radiofrequency ablation (RFA) .
Yiziphi izinkinga ezingabangelwa yilokhu?
Uma i-pericarditis ingelashwa ngesikhathi, izinkinga eziyingozi zingavela.
Eyinhloko yi -Pericardial Effusion . Kalula nje, ukunqwabelana koketshezi (amanzi) ngaphakathi kwesikhwama esizungeze inhliziyo. Nakuba amanzi amancane engeyona into enkulu, uma lolu ketshezi luqongelela ngokushesha, kungaholela esimweni esibi kakhulu esibizwa ngokuthi i-Cardiac Tamponade .
I-tamponade yenhliziyo yisimo lapho uketshezi luqoqana khona nxazonke zenhliziyo, luvimbele ukuthi ingakwazi ukupompa kahle. Lesi yisimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha esingasongela impilo.
Yingakho kubaluleke kakhulu ukubona udokotela ngokushesha nje lapho ubona izimpawu ze-pericarditis. Uma uqala ukwelashwa kusenesikhathi, ungavimbela lezi zinkinga ezinkulu ukuthi zingabi khona.
Dokotela, ukuxilonga kanjani lokhu?
Uma uya kudokotela wakho, uzoqala ngokukubuza ngezimpawu zakho nokuthi ngabe uke waba nezifo muva nje. Ngemuva kwalokho uzobeka i-stethoscope esifubeni sakho bese esihlola.
Nge-pericarditis, ulwelwesi oluvuvukele luyagudlana njengoba inhliziyo ishaya, lwenza umsindo wokuxova, njengamaqabunga amabili egcotshwa ndawonye. Odokotela bakubiza lokhu ngokuthi “ukugcotshwa kwe-pericardial.” Uma uzwa lo msindo, kuyisibonakaliso esinamandla sokuthi une-pericarditis.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuze aqinisekise ukuxilongwa nokuhlola izinkinga, udokotela wakho angase asikisele ukuhlolwa okuningana okufana nalokhu.
| Ukuhlolwa | Ubonani kulokhu? |
|---|---|
| I-X-ray yesifuba | Hlola izinto ezifana nosayizi wenhliziyo nokuthi ngabe kukhona yini amanzi emaphashini. |
| I-Electrocardiogram (ECG) | Bheka izinguquko emsebenzini kagesi wenhliziyo. Amaphethini aqondene ne-pericarditis angabonakala ku-ECG. |
| I-Echocardiogram (i-Echo) | Hlola ukuthi inhliziyo isebenza kanjani nokuthi isikhwama esizungeze inhliziyo sigcwele yini amanzi engeziwe. |
| I-MRI yenhliziyo | Bheka ngokucophelela ukuvuvukala, ukuqina, noma ukuvinjwa kwenhliziyo esikhwameni esizungeze inhliziyo. |
| Ukuskena kwe-CT | Hlola isikhwama ukuthi azikho yini i-calcium deposits kanye namantongomane. |
| Ukufakwa kwe-Catheterization Yenhliziyo | Ukuze uqinisekise izimo ezifana ne-constrictive pericarditis, kala ingcindezi engaphakathi kwenhliziyo. |
| Ukuhlolwa kwegazi | Izimpawu zokuvuvukala emzimbeni zisiza ekuboneni imbangela yesifo. |
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha i-pericarditis?
Ngokuvamile iphathwa ngemithi kanye nemikhawulo yokusebenza ngokomzimba, kodwa ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni noma ukuhlinzwa kungadingeka.
Imithi
Abantu abaningi bathola impumuzo kule mithi.
- Ama-NSAID: Ama-painkiller kanye nemithi yokulwa nokuvuvukala, njenge-ibuprofen noma i-aspirin esezingeni eliphezulu.
- I-Colchicine: Lona futhi uhlobo lomuthi onciphisa ukuvuvukala. Udokotela wakho angakunikeza lokhu uma izimpawu zakho sezikhona isikhathi esingaphezu kwamasonto amabili noma uma isimo siphinde sibuye.
- I-Prednisone: Lolu uhlobo lwe-steroid. Lokhu kunganikezwa uma eminye imithi ingasebenzi kuwe.
- Imithi yokulwa namagciwane noma imithi yokulwa namagciwane: Uma ukugula kwakho kubangelwa ukutheleleka ngamagciwane noma ngesikhunta, uzonikezwa imithi efanele yokulwa namagciwane.
Ukuvinjelwa komsebenzi womzimba nokuphumula
Ukuphumula kubalulekile ngenkathi ululama ku-pericarditis. Uma uzivocavoca, ugijima, noma wenza eminye imisebenzi enzima, kungenza ukuvuvukala kube kubi kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, udokotela wakho uzokutshela ukuthi kufanele unciphise isikhathi esingakanani futhi ngezinga elingakanani umsebenzi womzimba. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela le miyalelo ngqo.
Ukugeleza kwamanzi
Uma kwenzeka isimo esifana ne-Cardiac Tamponade, esikhulume ngaso ekuqaleni, okungukuthi, uma inhliziyo igcwele amanzi futhi inhliziyo ivalekile, lolo ketshezi olwengeziwe kufanele lususwe.
- I-Pericardiocentesis: Lokhu kuhilela ukufaka ipayipi elide nelincane (i-catheter) esifubeni bese kukhishwa uketshezi oluqongelele esikhwameni esizungeze inhliziyo.
- Ifasitela le-Pericardial: Uma uketshezi lungakwazi ukususwa ngenaliti, kwenziwa i-incision encane esifubeni, kwenziwe imbobo encane esikhwameni esizungeze inhliziyo, bese uketshezi luvunyelwa ukuthi luphume ngalo.
Ukuhlinzwa
Uma unesifo esibi njenge-Constrictive Pericarditis, kungadingeka ukuthi uhlinzwe okubizwa ngokuthi i-Pericardiectomy , okuwukususwa kwengxenye yesikhwama esijiyile esizungeze inhliziyo.
Yini elandelayo? Yini esingayilindela?
Kuzodingeka uphumule isikhashana ngenkathi ululama ku-pericarditis. Uma usululame ngokugcwele, ungaqhubeka nemisebenzi yakho evamile. Kodwa ungabuyeli ekuzivocavoceni okunzima kuze kube yilapho udokotela wakho ethi, "Kulungile, kulungile manje."
Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi ngokwelashwa ngesikhathi esifanele, abantu abaningi bayalulama ngokuphelele . Ezinye izimo ezincane zingaba ngcono ngisho nangokuphumula. Kodwa uma zingalashwa, zingaba yizifo ezingamahlalakhona.
Abantu abaphakathi kuka- 15% no-30% abane-pericarditis bazoba nezigameko eziphindaphindayo eminyakeni edlule. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthatha imithi oyinikwa udokotela wakho nokuhambisana nezikhathi zokulandelela.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Akuwona wonke ubuhlungu besifuba obuzwayo obubangelwa ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo, kodwa noma yibuphi ubuhlungu besifuba kufanele buthathwe ngokungathi sína .
- Ubuhlungu be-pericarditis bunezici ezithile: ubuhlungu obubukhali obukhula lapho ulele phansi futhi bunciphe lapho ugoba phambili .
- Uma ubona udokotela kusenesikhathi futhi uthola ukwelashwa, lokhu kungalapheka ngokuphelele .
- Thatha umuthi udokotela wakho akunike wona ngesikhathi. Ungami phakathi nendawo. Uma ekutshela ukuthi uphumule, landela imiyalelo yakhe ngqo.
- Ngisho nangemva kokuba lesi sifo sesiphulukisiwe, ukuhlolwa njalo kwezokwelapha kusiza ukuvimbela lesi sifo ukuthi singaphinde sibuye.
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