Ingabe othile oseduze nawe, mhlawumbe umama wakho, ubaba, noma umlingani wakho, uqale ukuziphatha ngendlela ehlukile ngokuzumayo? Ingabe ucasukile ngokuzumayo? Noma ingabe wenza izinqumo ezingenangqondo neziguquguqukayo? Iningi lethu, lapho sibona lezi zimpawu, sicabanga ngokushesha ukuthi lesi yisifo i-Alzheimer's. Yiqiniso, yisimo esivamile. Kodwa-ke, nakuba kukhona ukufana nesifo i-Alzheimer's, kukhona esinye isimo esihlukile, kodwa esingajwayelekile kakhulu. Namuhla sikhuluma ngeSifo sikaPick.
Kalula nje, siyini isifo sikaPick?
Isifo sikaPick siwuhlobo lwe-dementia . Njengoba wazi, i-dementia yisimo esithinta izinto ezifana nenkumbulo, ukucabanga, nokuziphatha. Sifana kakhulu nesifo sika-Alzheimer, kodwa asivamile kakhulu. Lesi sifo sithinta kakhulu izingxenye zobuchopho ezilawula imizwa yethu, ukuziphatha, ubuntu kanye nekhono lokukhuluma . Odokotela basibiza nangokuthi 'i-Frontotemporal Dementia (FTD).' Lokho kusho ukuthi izingxenye zangaphambili neziseceleni zobuchopho zonakele.
Cabanga ukuthi ubuchopho bethu bunesimiso semizila yesitimela ehambisa izakhamzimba emuva naphambili. Ukuze le mizila ihlale iqondile, njengemizila yesitimela, uhlobo olukhethekile lweprotheyini luyasiza. Sibiza lawa maprotheni e-tau .
Ebuchosheni bomuntu onesifo sikaPick, lawa ma-protein e-tau awasebenzi kahle. Ayahlangana futhi akhe ama-clumps. Siwabiza ngokuthi ama-clumps angavamile e-protein ngokuthi ama-Pick bodies . Lawa ma-Pick bodies abangela ukuthi imizila yesitimela idideke futhi iphume. Ngemuva kwalokho amangqamuzana obuchopho awatholi izakhamzimba azidingayo, futhi kancane kancane ayafa. Umonakalo ebuchosheni ngale ndlela awunakuguqulwa, uhlala njalo.
Lesi sifo sivame ukutholakala siphakathi kweminyaka engama-40 kuya kwengama-75. Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi singakhula kumuntu oneminyaka engama-20 ubudala.
Ingabe kukhona isizathu esithile salesi sifo?
Lena inkinga abantu abaningi abanayo. Eqinisweni, cishe abantu abangu-25% abanalesi sifo, noma cishe oyedwa kwabane, basithola njengefa kubazali babo . Lokho kusho ukuthi kukhona ukuthambekela kofuzo okubangelwa yimindeni.
Kodwa odokotela abakakatholi ukuthi kungani abanye abangu-75% beyithuthukisa. Ucwaningo lusaqhubeka.
Yiziphi izimpawu okufanele sikhathazeke ngazo?
Lawa maqoqo amaprotheni, abizwa ngokuthi ama-Pick bodies, akha ikakhulukazi ku-frontal lobe kanye nama-temporal lobes obuchopho. Lezi yizingxenye ezilawula ukuziphatha kwethu, ubuntu bethu, kanye nenkulumo yethu. Ngakho-ke, izimpawu zibonakala kakhulu kulezi zindawo.
Into ebalulekile ukuthi esifweni sikaPick, izinguquko ekuziphatheni nasebuntwini ziqala ukubonakala kuqala, kunokuba kubonakale ukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo njengasesifweni sika-Alzheimer.
Ake sihlukanise lezi zici zibe izingxenye ezimbili ukuze siziqonde kahle.
| Izigaba zezimpawu eziyinhloko | |
|---|---|
| 1. Izinguquko ekuziphatheni nasebuntwini | |
| Ukuba nolaka kwabanye | Umuntu owayehlala enokuthula kakhulu ngokuzumayo uqala ukulwa nabanye futhi athukuthele. |
| Ukulahlekelwa yisithakazelo | Balahlekelwa yisithakazelo emisebenzini yansuku zonke kanye nezinto abazithandayo. Babonisa isimo sengqondo sokuthi "cha" kukho konke. |
| Ukwenza izinqumo ngokunganaki | Benza izinqumo ezisheshayo nezisheshayo ngaphandle kokucabanga nganoma yini noma ukukhathalela imiphumela. |
| Ukulahlekelwa uzwela | Abakwazi ukuqonda noma ukubonisa uzwela ngobuhlungu nokuhlupheka kwabanye. Baziphatha njengomuntu ongenaluzwela. |
| Ukuziphatha okungaguquki | Ukusho noma ukwenza izinto ezingafanele umphakathi noma indawo ohlala kuyo. Ungaziphatha ngaphandle kokuhlazeka. |
| Isifiso sokudla ngokweqile | Abanye abantu balambile kakhulu, ikakhulukazi uma kukhulunywa ngokudla okumnandi. |
| 2. Izinkinga zokukhuluma nolimi | |
| Ukukhohlwa amagama | Amagama ezinto ezivamile njengesihlalo, itafula, nepeni awafiki engqondweni. |
| Ukuguquka kwendaba | Uma bekhuluma, abakwazi ukuthola amagama afanele, bayama phakathi, futhi bayangithintitha. |
| Ubunzima bokuqonda okubhaliwe | Ngisho nomusho olula encwadini noma ephephandabeni kungaba nzima ukuwufunda nokuwuqonda. |
Ngaphezu kwalezi zimpawu eziyinhloko, izimpawu ezilandelayo zingase zibonakale ngezinye izikhathi:
- Ukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo (njengoba isifo siqhubeka)
- Ubunzima bokuhamba
- Ubuthakathaka noma ukuqina kwemisipha
- Ubunzima bokulawula umchamo
Uyini umehluko phakathi kwesifo sikaPick nesifo sika-Alzheimer?
Abantu abaningi bayadida lokhu kokubili ngoba kokubili kuyizinhlobo ze-dementia. Kodwa-ke, kunomehluko ocacile. Ukwazi lokhu mehluko kungasiza ekuxilongweni kwasekuqaleni.
| Isici | Isifo sikaPick | Isifo sika-Alzheimer |
|---|---|---|
| Isici sokuqala esiyinhloko | Izinguquko ekuziphatheni nasebuntwini | Ukukhohlwa izinto zakamuva |
| Ubudala bokuxilongwa | Ngokuvamile usemncane (40-60) | Ngokuvamile abantu abadala (65+) |
| Izinkinga zolimi | Izinkinga zokuqonda amagama nokukhuluma zivela kusenesikhathi | Kwenzeka lapho lesi sifo siba sibi kakhulu |
| Ukuphupha izinto ezingekho | Akubonwa njalo | Kungase kwenzeke kamuva kulesi sifo |
| Imigwaqo edidayo | Amathuba amancane okulahleka ezindaweni ezijwayelekile | Uphawu oluvame kakhulu. |
Ungasithola kanjani lesi sifo?
Uma uya kudokotela wakho ngalezi zimpawu, uzoqala alalele ngokucophelela izimpawu zakho. Ngemuva kwalokho, bazokwenza izivivinyo ezikhethekile ukuhlola inkumbulo yesiguli, ukuziphatha, kanye namakhono olimi. Lezi zivivinyo zivame ukufaka imibuzo kanye nezivivinyo ezifana nokudweba.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, udokotela angase ancome ezinye izivivinyo eziningana ukuqinisekisa lesi sifo.
- Ukuhlolwa kwegazi: Ukuhlolwa kwe-DNA kungenziwa ukuze kubonakale ukuthi kukhona yini isakhi sofuzo esihlotshaniswa nesifo sikaPick.
- Ukuskena kobuchopho:
- I-MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) Scan: Lokhu kusiza ukuthatha izithombe eziningiliziwe zobuchopho ukuze kubonakale ukuthi ingaphambili nezinhlangothi zobuchopho zinciphile yini.
- I-SPECT noma i-PET scan: Lezi skeni zisiza ukubona ukuthi yiziphi izingxenye zobuchopho ezisebenza kancane noma kancane.
- Ukubhoboza Kwethambo: Kungathathwa isampula yoketshezi lomgogodla bese kuhlolwa izinga lamaprotheni e-tau.
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha lokhu?
Lena yingxenye enzima kakhulu ukuyizwa. Uma ngikhuluma iqiniso, ayikho ikhambi lesifo sikaPick . Futhi ayikho ikhambi lokunciphisa ukuqhubekela phambili kwalesi sifo. Lesi sifo siqhubeka kancane. Abanye abantu baphila nalesi sifo iminyaka eyi-10 noma ngaphezulu.
Nokho, lokho akusho ukuthi akukho ongakwenza. Kunezindlela zokwelapha ezingasiza ekulawuleni izimpawu futhi zenze impilo ibe lula esigulini nakubanakekeli baso.
- Ukwelapha ngokuziphatha: Ukwelapha ngokuziphatha kungasiza ekulawuleni ukuziphatha okunolaka nokuyingozi.
- Imithi: Udokotela wakho angase akunike imithi, njengemithi ethile yokucindezeleka, ukulawula izimpawu ezifana nokucasuka, ulaka, kanye nokucindezeleka.
Konke lokhu kufanele kunqunywe udokotela wakho. Nguye onquma ukuthi yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha ezifanele kakhulu isiguli nokuthi kufanele zinikezwe kanjani. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukungalokothi wenze izinqumo wedwa futhi wenze ngokweseluleko sezokwelapha.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Isifo sikaPick siwuhlobo oluhlukile lwesifo sokuwohloka komqondo kunesifo sika-Alzheimer, lapho izinguquko ekuziphatheni nasekukhulumeni ziqala ukuvela ngaphambi kokulahlekelwa yinkumbulo.
- Uma ubona ushintsho oluzumayo ebuntwini bomuntu oseduze nawe, njengentukuthelo, noma ukuziphatha okungafanele, ungakushayi indiva.
- Nakuba lesi sifo singelapheki ngokuphelele, kunezindlela zokwelapha zokuphatha izimpawu nokuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yokuphila kwesiguli.
- Uma othandekayo wakho enalezi zimpawu, kubalulekile ukufuna iseluleko kudokotela oqeqeshiwe ngokushesha okukhulu. Ukuxilongwa okufanele kuzoholela ekuphathweni okufanele.
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