Ingabe unezinhlungu esifubeni ezingapheli noma ubunzima bokuphefumula? Ungase ucabange ukuthi kuyinto evamile. Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi lezi zimpawu zingaba uphawu lwesimo sempilo esibucayi kakhulu esingakazwa okuningi ngaso. Namuhla, sizokhuluma ngomdlavuza ongavamile, futhi ovame ukungaziwa.
Iyini ngempela i-Pleural Mesothelioma?
Kalula nje, i-Pleural Mesothelioma uhlobo olungavamile lomdlavuza oluvela olwelwesini oluncane, noma ulwelwesi, oluzungeze amaphaphu ethu kanye nodonga lwangaphakathi lwesifuba sethu. Lolu lwelwesi lubizwa ngokuthi i-pleura ngokwezokwelapha. Luvikela amaphaphu ethu njengemvilophu.
Lo mdlavuza uthola igama lawo kusukela kulwelwesi olubizwa ngokuthi i-mesothelium. Lolu yisivikelo esivikelayo esizungeze izitho eziningi zomzimba wethu. Ngakho-ke, umdlavuza okhula noma yikuphi kule lwelwesi lwe-mesothelium uvame ukubizwa ngokuthi i-mesothelioma. Ngenxa yokuthi ukhula emaphashini, ubizwa ngokuthi i-Pleural Mesothelioma.
Imbangela eyinhloko nehlobene ngqo nalokhu ukuchayeka ku- asbestos . Kungenzeka ukuthi uke wezwa ukuthi amashidi e-asbestos ayesetshenziswa esikhathini esidlule ngisho nasezindongeni zezindlu ezweni lakithi. Le asbestos uhlobo lweminerali eyayisetshenziswa esikhathini esidlule ezintweni eziningi ezifana nezinto zokwakha kanye nemboni yezimoto. Uma siphefumula izinhlayiya ezincane ezifana ne-fiber ezikuyo, ziya emaphashini bese zifakwa. Umzimba wethu awukwazi ukugaya noma ukubhubhisa lezi zinhlayiya. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lezi zinhlayiya zingabangela ukuvuvukala emaphashini, ukukhubazeka kwamaseli, futhi ekugcineni zibe umdlavuza.
Into ebalulekile ukuthi izinto ze-asbestos ezingashintshi aziyona ingozi. Kodwa-ke, yilapho izinto ziphuka, ziphuka, futhi ziba uthuli emoyeni lapho ingozi enkulu ivela khona ngokuhogela lezo zinhlayiya.
Yiziphi izinhlobo eziyinhloko zalo mdlavuza?
I-World Health Organization (WHO) ihlukanise lo mdlavuza ngezinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko, kuye ngohlobo lweseli oluqala kulo. Ezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza zisakazeka ngokushesha futhi kunzima ukwelapha. Ukwazi ukuthi yiluphi uhlobo onalo kungasiza udokotela wakho ukuthi anqume ukuthi yiluphi ukwelashwa olukulungele kangcono nokuthi isifo sakho sizoqhubeka kanjani.
| Uhlobo lomdlavuza | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| I-Epithelioid Mesothelioma | Lolu uhlobo oluvame kakhulu (phakathi kuka-60% no-80% wabo bonke abaguli). Lulula kakhulu ukwelapha uma luqhathaniswa nezinye izinhlobo ezimbili. |
| I-Mesothelioma ye-Sarcomatoid | Lolu uhlobo olungavamile kakhulu (cishe u-10% wabo bonke abaguli). Lolu hlobo lukhula ngokushesha kakhulu futhi kunzima ukulwelapha. |
| I-Biphasic Mesothelioma | Lolu futhi uhlobo olungavamile (phakathi kuka-10% no-15%). Lunengxube yazo zombili izinhlobo zamaseli ezingenhla. |
Yiziphi izimpawu zalesi sifo?
Enye yezinto eziyingozi kakhulu ngalesi sifo ukuthi izimpawu zivela kancane kakhulu. Kungathatha iminyaka eyi-15, 20, noma ngisho nengama-50 ngemuva kokuchayeka ku-asbestos ukuze izimpawu zivele. Izimpawu zokuqala zincane njengomkhuhlane ovamile, ngakho abantu abaningi abazinaki. Ngenxa yalokho, ngesikhathi bebona udokotela, umdlavuza ungase ube usuthuthuke kakhulu.
Izimpawu ezimbili eziyinhloko yilezi:
- Ubuhlungu besifuba obuqhubekayo
- Ubunzima bokuphefumula (ukuphelelwa umoya)
Ngaphezu kwalokhu, izici ezilandelayo zingabonakala futhi:
- Ukukhwehlela okuqhubekayo kanye nokuhosha
- Ubunzima bokugwinya (i-Dysphagia)
- Ubuhlungu obuphansi emhlane
- Ukuvuvukala kobuso nezandla
- Ukwehlisa isisindo ngaphandle kwesizathu
- Ukujuluka ebusuku
- Ukukhathala okuvamile
- Umkhuhlane oqala ngaphandle kwesizathu
Ubani osengozini enkulu yokuthola lesi sifo?
Abantu abaningi abathola lesi sifo bavezwa yi-asbestos iminyaka eminingi ngemisebenzi yabo. Cabanga ngomdlali we-bass wangaphambili. Wayesebenza ezindaweni zokwakha kanye nasekwakheni imikhumbi iminyaka eminingi. Waqala ukuba nezimpawu lapho eneminyaka engu-65 noma engu-70.
Imisebenzi esengozini enkulu yile:
- Izisebenzi zokwakha kanye nezisebenzi zasefektri
- Izisebenzi zokwakha nokulungisa imikhumbi (ikakhulukazi labo ababesebenza ebuthweni lempi lasolwandle)
- Abantu ababhidliza izakhiwo ezindala
- Abakhandi bezimoto kanye nabasebenzi bezitimela
- Abakhiqizi kanye nabafaki bezinto zokufaka izinto zokushisa
- Abacishi bomlilo
- Abaphangi
- Abavukuzi
Akukhona lokhu kuphela, ungase ube sengozini:
- Uma othile emndenini wakho enza lolu hlobo lomsebenzi, lezi zinhlayiya ze-asbestos zingangena endlini ezingutsheni nasezicathulweni zakhe.
- Uma uhlala eduze kwemayini ye-asbestos, noma eduze nendawo lapho kuchithwa khona izakhiwo ezindala ezine-asbestos.
Udokotela usithola kanjani lesi sifo ngokunembile?
Uma utshela udokotela wakho ngezimpawu zakho, uzokuhlola, akubuze ngomsebenzi wakho, indawo okuyo, njll. ukuze abone ukuthi unazo yini izinto eziyingozi. Ngemva kwalokho, bangenza izivivinyo eziningana ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa.
- Ukuhlolwa Kwezithombe: Kuzokwenziwa i -X-ray yesifuba kuqala. Lokhu kungabheka izinto ezifana nokuqina kolwelwesi lwamaphaphu, i-pleural effusion, njll. Ngaphezu kwalokho , kungenziwa i-CT scan, i-MRI scan , noma i-PET scan ukuze kubonwe ukuthi umdlavuza ukuphi nokuthi usakazeke yini.
- Ukuhlolwa Kwegazi: Okunye ukuhlolwa kwegazi kungahlola amazinga aphezulu ezinto ezithile ezihlotshaniswa nalo mdlavuza (njenge-fibulin-3 kanye nama-peptide ahlobene ne-mesothelin ancibilikayo) egazini.
- I-Thoracentesis: Lokhu kuhilela ukususa uketshezi oluthile (uketshezi) oluqoqene emaphashini akho ngesirinji bese uluhlola ukuze ubone amangqamuzana omdlavuza. Lokhu kungasiza ekunciphiseni ukuqina kwesifuba kanye nokuphelelwa umoya.
- I-Biopsy: Lena yindlela kuphela yokuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa okungu-100% wesikhathi. Kulokhu, kuthathwa ingxenye encane yezicubu olwelwesini lwamaphaphu bese ihlolwa ngaphansi kwe-microscope ukuze kubonakale ukuthi kukhona yini amangqamuzana omdlavuza. Lokhu kungenziwa kusetshenziswa amasu anjenge -bronchoscopy, i-thoracoscopy , noma ukuhlinzwa kwe-thoracic okusizwa ngevidiyo (VATS) .
Izigaba zomdlavuza zihlukaniswa kanjani?
Njenganoma yimuphi umdlavuza, kunezigaba. Isigaba sinqunywa ukuthi umdlavuza ususakazeke kangakanani. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu kudokotela wakho ukuhlela ukwelashwa kwakho.
- Isigaba 1: Umdlavuza usezinqeni zamaphaphu (i-pleura) kuphela. Kulesi sigaba, kungase kwenziwe ukuhlinzwa ukuze kuzanywe ukususa umdlavuza ngokuphelele.
- Isigaba sesi-2: Umdlavuza ususakazeke kancane ngale kolwelwesi lwamaphaphu, kodwa usaseduze nalapho waqala khona.
- Isigaba 3: Umdlavuza ususakazekele ezithweni zomzimba eziseduze kanye nama-lymph node.
- Isigaba 4: Umdlavuza ususakazekele ezithweni ezikude (njengesibindi, amathambo, noma ubuchopho). Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-metastasized .
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha lokhu?
I-Pleural mesothelioma iwumdlavuza okunzima ukuwulapha ngoba ungasakazeka kalula ngemizwa, imithambo yegazi, kanye nezicubu. Ngakho-ke, odokotela bezifo zomdlavuza bavame ukuncoma inhlanganisela yezindlela zokwelapha.
- Ukuhlinzwa: Ukuhlinzwa kungenziwa ezigabeni zokuqala zomdlavuza. Ukuhlinzwa okubizwa ngokuthi i-extrapleural pneumonectomy (EPP) kususa amaphaphu nezicubu ezizungezile. Ukuhlinzwa okubizwa ngokuthi i-pleurectomy ene-decortication (P/D) kususa kuphela ulwelwesi lwamaphaphu kanye nesimila ngaphandle kokususa lonke iphaphu.
- Ukwelashwa Ngemisebe: Kusetshenziswa ama-X-ray anamandla amakhulu ukubhubhisa amangqamuzana omdlavuza. Lokhu kungenziwa kanye nokuhlinzwa noma i-chemotherapy. Ngezinye izikhathi kusetshenziselwa ukunciphisa izimpawu (njengobuhlungu besifuba).
- Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali: Lokhu kuhilela ukunikeza umzimba imithi ebulala amangqamuzana omdlavuza noma ewavimba ukuba akhule. I-Pemetrexed, i-carboplatin , kanye ne -cisplatin yimithi esetshenziswa kakhulu.
- Ukwelashwa Ngezifo Ezingalawuleki: Lena indlela entsha yokwelapha esebenza ngokuqinisa amasosha omzimba ethu, esiza ukuthi siqaphele futhi sihlasele amangqamuzana omdlavuza.
- Ukunakekelwa Kokuphulukisa: Umgomo walokhu akusikho ukwelapha umdlavuza. Kunalokho, ukulawula izimpawu zesiguli (ubuhlungu, ubunzima bokuphefumula), ukwenza impilo yansuku zonke ibe lula, nokunikeza impumuzo.
- Izivivinyo Zemitholampilo: Lezi yizifundo ezihlola ukwelashwa kwakamuva kanye nemithi. Ungase ube nethuba lokuthola ukwelashwa kwakamuva, njengokuhlanganiswa kwemithi emisha ye-chemotherapy kanye ne-immunotherapy, ukwelashwa kwezakhi zofuzo , kanye nokwelashwa nge-photodynamic .
Nakuba lesi sifo singelapheki ngokuphelele, lokhu kwelashwa kungakusiza ukuthi wandise impilo yakho, ulawule izimpawu zakho, futhi uphile impilo ekhululekile.
Ungakuvimbela kanjani lokhu? Futhi kufanele ubonane nodokotela nini?
Indlela engcono kakhulu yokuvimbela i-Pleural Mesothelioma ukugwema ukuphefumula izinhlayiya ze-asbestos emoyeni. Manje, ukusetshenziswa kwe-asbestos kuye kwavinjelwa naseSri Lanka. Kodwa-ke, lezi zisatholakala ezindlini nasezakhiweni ezineminyaka engaphezu kwengu-20-30 ubudala.
- Uma uvuselela indlu endala, ikakhulukazi uma ushintsha izinto ezifana nophahla noma uphahla, cela othile onolwazi ukuthi akuhlolele i-asbestos.
- Uma ususa i-asbestos, nikeza umsebenzi enkampanini eqeqeshwe ukwenza lowo msebenzi.
- Uma usebenza emsebenzini oyingozi, gqoka njalo imaski yokuzivikela efanele kanye nezingubo . Gwema ukuletha lezo zinhlayiya ekhaya ezingutsheni zakho.
Uma unomlando wokuchayeka ku-asbestos futhi uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezilandelayo, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela ngokushesha:
- Ubuhlungu emhlane noma esifubeni
- Ukukhwehlela okuqhubekayo noma ukushoshozela
- Ubunzima bokuphefumula noma ukugwinya
- Ukuvuvukala kobuso
- Ukwehlisa isisindo ngaphandle kwesizathu
Buza udokotela wakho ngalezi zinto:
- Uhlobo luni lwe-Pleural Mesothelioma enginalo?
- Ngikusiphi isigaba somdlavuza?
- Yikuphi ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu kimi?
- Ingabe lezi zindlela zokwelapha zizokwandisa impilo yami? Ingabe zizoqeda izimpawu zami?
- Ungayilawula kanjani imiphumela emibi yokwelashwa?
- Ingabe kukhona izivivinyo zemitholampilo engingahlanganyela kuzo?
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Pleural mesothelioma ingumdlavuza ongavamile okhula olwelwesini lwamaphaphu. Imbangela eyinhloko yalokhu ukuhogela izinhlayiya ze-asbestos.
- Izimpawu (ubuhlungu besifuba, ubunzima bokuphefumula) zingathatha iminyaka ukuthi zivele, ngakho ungazinaki.
- Uma unomlando wokuchayeka ku-asbestos (ikakhulukazi emisebenzini efana nokwakha noma imishini yezimoto) futhi uhlangabezana nezimpawu ezingenhla, funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha.
- Nakuba lesi sifo singelapheki ngokuphelele, ukuhlinzwa, ukwelashwa ngemisebe, ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali, kanye nokwelashwa okusha kungalawula izimpawu futhi kwandise impilo.
- Ukuvimbela kungcono kakhulu. Zivikele othulini lwe-asbestos ngangokunokwenzeka.
💬 Comments (0)
Awekho amazwana athunyelwe okwamanje. Faka amazwana akho lapha okokuqala ngqa.
Engeza amazwana akho