Ngezinye izikhathi, ngenxa yezifo ezithinta amaphaphu ethu, ikakhulukazi izimo ezibucayi njengomdlavuza, odokotela kufanele benze isinqumo esibucayi kakhulu. Ezimweni ezinjalo, wonke amaphaphu analesi sifo kungadingeka asuswe ngokuhlinzwa. Lokhu yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi 'i-Pneumonectomy' kwezokwelapha. Njengoba lokhu kuwukuhlinzwa okukhulu, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi wazi kahle ukuthi yini ongayilindela.
Kuyini ngempela ukuhlinzwa kwe-pneumonectomy?
Kalula nje, i-pneumonectomy ukususwa ngokuhlinzwa kwelinye lamaphaphu akho. Uma iphaphu langakwesokudla lisusiwe, libizwa ngokuthi 'i-pneumonectomy ohlangothini lwesokudla', kanti uma iphaphu langakwesokunxele lisusiwe, libizwa ngokuthi 'i-pneumonectomy ohlangothini lwesobunxele'.
Lolu uhlobo olukhulu kakhulu lokuhlinzwa kwamaphaphu, njengoba ngezinye izikhathi kukhona ukuhlinzwa okususa ingxenye encane yamaphaphu kuphela.
- (Ukususwa kwe-Lobectomy) - Lokhu kuhilela ukususa ingxenye (i-lobe) yamaphaphu kuphela.
- (Ukususwa kwe-Wedge) - Kulokhu, kususwa ingxenye encane kakhulu yamaphaphu.
Ukuhlinzwa kwe-Pneumonectomy kwenziwa ngezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko.
| Uhlobo lokuhlinzwa | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Ukuhlinzwa Kwamaphaphu Okujwayelekile | Kulokhu, udokotela ohlinzayo ususa lonke iphaphu lakho kuphela. Angase futhi asuse ezinye zezinzwa nezicubu eziseduze. |
| Ukuhlinzwa kwe-Extrapleural Pneumonectomy (ukuhlinzwa okubanzi kakhulu) | Lokhu kuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwamaphaphu, kunezinye izinto eziningana ezisuswayo. Okungukuthi: - Amaphaphu - Isimbozo esizungeze amaphaphu (i-Pleura) - Isembozo esizungeze inhliziyo (i-pericardium) - Ingxenye ye-diaphragm nayo iyasuswa. |
Odokotela abahlinzayo basebenzisa izindlela ezimbili ukwenza lokhu kuhlinzwa. Okunye ukuhlinzwa okuvulekile okubizwa ngokuthi i-thoracotomy . Okunye ukuhlinzwa okuncane okubizwa ngokuthi i-video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) . Nakuba i-VATS ingangenisi kakhulu, ayifaneleki kubo bonke abaguli.
Yiziphi izinhlobo zezimo lokhu kuhlinzwa okwenziwa ngazo?
Lokhu kuhlinzwa kuvame ukwenziwa njengokwelashwa komdlavuza wamaphaphu, kodwa kungenziwa nakwezinye izimo.
- Umdlavuza wamaphaphu
- Izimila ze-carcinoid ezakha emaphashini
- I-mesothelioma ye-Pleural, umdlavuza owakheka ongqimbeni lwamaphaphu
- Ukulimala okukhulu kwamaphaphu
- Ukutheleleka okukhulu kwesikhunta okubizwa ngokuthi i-Aspergillosis
- I-Bronchiectasis yisifo lapho imigudu yomoya ivuleka unomphela.
- Isifo sofuba
- Uma uhlobo lomdlavuza olubizwa ngokuthi i-distributed thymoma lusakazeka
Ukuhlinzwa kwe-Pneumonectomy kuyindlela yokwelapha evame kakhulu yomdlavuza wamaphaphu, kodwa akuzona zonke iziguli ezinomdlavuza ezingayisebenzisa le nqubo.
Ubani ofanele lolu hlinzo?
Ungase ufanelekele lokhu kuhlinzwa ezimweni ezilandelayo:
- Uma umdlavuza usephashini elilodwa kuphela (futhi ungasakazekelanga kwezinye izindawo) futhi iphaphu lingasuswa futhi umdlavuza ungelapheka ngokuphelele.
- Kuye ngokuthi isimila somdlavuza sikuphi, ingxenye yephaphu kuphela engasuswa futhi isimila sonke singasuswa.
- Uma inhliziyo yakho, imithambo yegazi, kanye nezinye izitho zomzimba ziphilile.
Ubani ongafaneleki kulolu hlinzwa?
- Kulabo abangenawo umsebenzi owanele wamaphaphu.
- Kulabo abanesifo senhliziyo esibi kakhulu.
- Kulabo abane-hypertension enkulu yamaphaphu (umfutho wegazi ophezulu emithanjeni yegazi ethwala igazi liye emaphashini).
- Kulabo abanekhono elibi lokupompa inhliziyo (Ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-ventricle).
Ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa nokulungiselela ukuhlinzwa
Ezinsukwini ezimbalwa noma amasonto ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa, udokotela wakho uzokwenza izivivinyo ezithile ukuze abone ukuthi inhliziyo namaphaphu akho asebenza kanjani.
- (Ukuskena kwe-VQ)
- Ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kwamaphaphu
- Ukuhlolwa kwenhliziyo (i-Echocardiogram)
- I-X-ray yesifuba
- (i-PET scan) kanye (i-CT scan)
- Ukuhlolwa kwegazi
Kufanele ulungiselele kanjani?
Njengoba lokhu kuwukuhlinzwa okukhulu, udinga ukulungiselela kusenesikhathi.
- Hlela ukuba othile anakekele imisebenzi yasekhaya kanye nezilwane ezifuywayo ngenkathi usesibhedlela.
- Khuluma nothile ozokuthatha uma ufika ekhaya uvela esibhedlela.
- Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba nomuntu ozokusiza isikhashana ngemuva kokufika ekhaya. Hlela nalokho futhi.
- Uma ubhema, yeka ngokushesha. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu. Uma unenkinga yokuyeka, cela usizo kudokotela wakho.
- Tshela udokotela wakho ngayo yonke imithi oyithathayo. Angase akucele ukuthi uyeke ukuthatha eminye imithi noma ushintshe isikhathi ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa.
- Uma une-allergies emithini, sitshele ngayo futhi.
- Udokotela uzokutshela ukuthi ungadli noma uphuze lutho ngemva kwamabili ngobusuku bangaphambi kokuhlinzwa. Landela leyo miyalelo kahle.
Kwenzekani ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa nangemva kwalokho?
Ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa, uzolaliswa ngokuphelele, ngakho ngeke uzwe lutho. Udokotela wezinzwa uzokuqapha kulo lonke ukuhlinzwa. Udokotela ohlinzayo uzokwenza i-incision ohlangothini lwesifuba sakho, phakathi kwezimbambo ezimbili, bese ehlukanisa izimbambo ukuze afinyelele ephashini. Ngemuva kwalokho, udokotela ohlinzayo uzosusa umoya othile emaphashini bese ewususa ngokucophelela. Uma kudingeka, kuzosuswa ezinye izicubu, bese izimbambo, imisipha, kanye nesikhumba kuzothungwa ndawonye. Lokhu kuhlinzwa kungathatha amahora amaningana.
Ngemva kokuhlinzwa...
Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, kuzodingeka uhlale esibhedlela izinsuku ezimbalwa.
- Ithimba lezokwelapha lizoqhubeka nokuqapha amazinga akho omoya-mpilo, izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo, kanye nomfutho wegazi.
- Kuzonikezwa ama-painkiller ukuze kulawulwe ubuhlungu.
- Abelaphi bezomzimba bazofika bakufundise ukuzivocavoca kokuphefumula, bakusize uvuke embhedeni uhambe.
Kwenzekani kuleyo ndawo engenalutho lapho iphaphu lisuswa?
Lena inkinga abantu abaningi abanayo. Lapho nje iphaphu selisusiwe, isikhala sigcwala umoya. Ngemva kwesikhashana, lowo moya uthathwa uketshezi. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, inhliziyo yakho, i-diaphragm, nezinye izitho zomzimba zisunduzelwa kuleyo ndlela. Iphaphu elisele nalo liyakhula kancane. Imizimba yethu ijwayela lesi simo esisha ngendlela emangalisayo.
Yiziphi izinzuzo nezingozi zokuhlinzwa?
| Izinzuzo | Izingozi Nezinkinga |
|---|---|
| Uma kwenzeka umdlavuza, lonke isimila singasuswa ukuze umdlavuza ungasabalali, futhi singase selapheke ngokuphelele. | Ithumba lesifuba (i-Empyema) |
| Kungavimbela izifo ezibulalayo (amagciwane, isikhunta) ezingabangelwa yiphaphu elonakele. | Ukuphazamiseka kwenhliziyo (i-Arrhythmia) |
| Ukwehluleka kokuphefumula | |
| Inyumoniya | |
| I-embolism yamaphaphu | |
| I-Bronchopleural fistula (imbobo ephakathi kwe-trachea kanye nolwelwesi lwamaphaphu) | |
| Kukhona ingozi yokuthi umdlavuza uphinde uvele ngisho nangemva kokuhlinzwa. |
Okubalulekile: Ngenxa yesakhiwo somzimba, ingozi yezinkinga ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa ukuze kususwe iphaphu lesokudla iphakeme kancane kunelesobunxele.
Ukululama nokuphila okuzayo
Kungathatha izinyanga eziningana ukuze ululame ngokuphelele. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi:
- Kunemikhawulo ezintweni ezifana nokuphakamisa izinsimbi nokushayela.
- Ukuzizwa ukhathele kakhulu kunokujwayelekile.
- Udinga ukuphumula njalo.
- Kungaba nzima ukwenza imisebenzi evamile yansuku zonke.
Ezinye zalezi zizonyamalala njengoba ululama, kanti ezinye izinto zingase zibe yingxenye "yendlela yakho evamile entsha."
Kungathiwani ngobude bokuphila?
Lokhu kuncike ezintweni eziningi. Isizathu esiyinhloko sokuhlinzwa yisizathu sokwenziwa kwalokhu. Isibonelo, abantu abangaphezu kwaba-3 kwaba-4 abahlinzwa isifo sofuba baphila iminyaka engaphezu kweyi-10. Kodwa-ke, ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi umuntu oyedwa kwaba-3 kuphela ohlinzwa umdlavuza wamaphaphu ophila iminyaka engaphezu kwemi-5. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuxoxa ngesimo sakho nodokotela wakho.
Nini lapho kufanele uthole iseluleko sezokwelapha
Nakisisa izinguquko emzimbeni wakho ngesikhathi sokululama kwakho.
| Uma unalezi zimpawu, shayela udokotela wakho ngokushesha. | |
|---|---|
| - Uma ibhandishi elisesilondeni sokuhlinzwa limanziswa yigazi. | - Uma inxeba linephunga elibi noma kuphuma uketshezi olunombala ohlukile. |
| - Ukukhwehlela okunomuncu noma umuncu omningi oshintshile umbala. | - Imfiva. |
| - Ukucanuzela noma ukuhlanza. | - Ubuhlungu obungapheli ngisho nangemva kokuthatha umuthi. |
| Uma unalezi zimpawu, hamba uye e-ETU (Emergency Treatment Unit) yesibhedlela ngokushesha. | |
| - Uma ukhwehlela igazi. | - Ubunzima obukhulu bokuphefumula. |
| - Ubuhlungu besifuba obungazelelwe obuhambisana nobunzima bokuphefumula. | - Ukulahlekelwa ingqondo. |
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ukuhlinzwa kwe-Pneumonectomy kuyindlela ebucayi kakhulu. Kwenziwa kuphela ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, lapho kunezindlela ezimbalwa zokwelapha.
- Kuthatha izinyanga eziningana ukululama ngokuphelele ngemva kokuhlinzwa, futhi kubalulekile ukuba nesineke phakathi nalesi sikhathi.
- Nakuba kungenzeka ukuhlala nephaphu elilodwa isikhathi eside, kuzodingeka izinguquko ezithile endleleni yokuphila.
- Zizwe ukhululekile ukuxoxa nganoma yimiphi imibuzo noma ukukhathazeka ongase ube nakho ngaphambi noma ngemva kokuhlinzwa nodokotela wakho. Kulapho kuphela lapho ungenza khona isinqumo esingcono kakhulu ngempilo yakho.
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