Cabanga nje, lapho ungakulindele, usola ukuthi uke wavezwa yigciwane lesandulela ngculazi. Mhlawumbe kwakungenxa yocansi olungavikelekile, noma mhlawumbe kwakungenxa yokwabelana ngenaliti nomuntu ojove izidakamizwa. Ukwesaba nokushaqeka okuzwayo ngesikhathi esinjengalesi akunakushiwo ngamazwi. Kodwa ukwesaba nje akwanele. Kukhona ukwelashwa okukhethekile okungakuvikela esimweni esiphuthumayo esinjalo. Yilokho esikhuluma ngakho namuhla.
Kuyini i-PEP (Post-Exposure Prophylaxis)?
Kalula nje, i-PEP iwumuthi wokwelapha ovimbela igciwane ukuthi lingangeni emzimbeni unomphela ngemva kokuchayeka ku-HIV. Iwumuthi okumele uthathwe nsuku zonke izinsuku ezingu-28 .
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi ukuze lokhu kwelashwa kuphumelele kakhulu, kufanele uqale ukuthatha lo muthi zingakapheli amahora angu-72 (izinsuku ezintathu) kusukela lapho ucabanga ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi uke wavezwa yi-HIV.
I-HIV (i-Human Immunodeficiency Virus) iyisimo esingelapheka, kodwa esingelapheki ngokuphelele, impilo yonke. Ngakho-ke, ukuchayeka ku-HIV kuyisimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha . Uma usola ukuthi uke wachayeka, iya ekamelweni lezimo eziphuthumayo esibhedlela esiseduze (ETU) ngokushesha.
I-PEP ingeyokusetshenziswa okuphuthumayo kuphela. Akuhlosiwe ukuthi isetshenziswe njengesivikelo sesikhathi eside kumuntu osengozini enkulu yokutheleleka nge-HIV. Uma usengozini enkulu, khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana ne-PrEP (Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis), ukwelashwa ongakuthatha ngaphambi kokuba uvezwe ku-HIV.
Yini oyenzayo ngaphambi kokuqala ukwelashwa nge-PEP?
Ngaphambi noma ngokushesha ngemva kokuqala ukwelashwa kwe-PEP, udokotela wakho uzothatha amasampula egazi lakho nomchamo bese enza izivivinyo eziningana ukuze anqume uhlobo kanye nomthamo wemithi okufanele uyinikwe. Izivivinyo eziyinhloko zizofaka:
- Hlola ukuthi usuvele unegciwane lesandulela ngculazi.
- Hlola amagciwane e-Hepatitis B kanye ne-Hepatitis C.
- Qinisekisa ukuthi ukhulelwe yini.
- Hlola ukuthi isibindi sakho nezinso zakho zisebenza kahle yini.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuye ngokuthi wadalulwa kanjani, ungase uhlolwe noma welashwe ezinye izifo ezithathelwana ngocansi (ama-STI), njengoba izifo eziningi zingavela ngesikhathi esisodwa. Isibonelo, i-gonorrhea kanye ne-chlamydia.
Lo muthi we-PEP uvimbela kanjani i-HIV?
Lokhu kulula kakhulu ukukuqonda. Cabanga ngegciwane lesandulela ngculazi njengesela elizama ukungena endlini yakho. Imithi yokulwa namagciwane ekwelashweni kwe-PEP ivimba leli sela ukuthi lihlale endlini yakho futhi lenze amakhophi ezinto zalo (igciwane).
Le mithi ihlasela igciwane ngezindlela ezahlukene. Ngakho-ke, ukwelashwa kusebenza kangcono uma kunikezwa imithi eminingana ndawonye. Uma siqala le mithi kusenesikhathi , singalawula igciwane le-HIV ngaphambi kokuba libe yigciwane elingamahlalakhona emzimbeni.
Yimiphi imithi esetshenziswayo ye-PEP?
Odokotela banikeza inhlanganisela yemithi yokulwa namagciwane ye-PEP. Le yimithi efanayo esetshenziselwa ukwelapha abantu abane-HIV. Ithathwa njengamaphilisi. Udokotela wakho uzonquma uhlobo kanye nomthamo wemithi ozoyithatha kuye ngesimo sakho sempilo.
| Isigaba sezidakamizwa | Izidakamizwa ezisetshenziswa kakhulu |
|---|---|
| Inhlanganisela yemithi eyisisekelo (imithi emibili ephilisini elilodwa) | I-Emtricitabine kanye ne-Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate (FTC/TDF, eyaziwa ngokuthi i-Truvada® ) Noma I-Emtricitabine kanye ne-Tenofovir Alafenamide (FTC/TAF, eyaziwa ngokuthi i-Descovy® ) |
| Umuthi wesithathu owengezwe kulesi sidakamizwa esingenhla | Esinye salezi ezilandelayo:
|
Buza udokotela wakho ukuthi uwuthathe nini lo muthi nokuthi kangaki ngosuku.
Yimaphi amathuba okuthi ukwelashwa nge-PEP ngeke kuphumelele?
Izifundo zikhombisile ukuthi ukwelashwa nge-PEP kunciphisa ingozi yokutheleleka nge-HIV ngamaphesenti angaphezu kuka-80. Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi lokhu kungase kungasebenzi kahle njengoba bekulindelekile.
| Isizathu | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Ukuphuza ukuqala ukwelashwa | Uma kuqalwa ngemva kwamahora angu-72 okuvezwa, impumelelo iphansi kakhulu. |
| Ukweqa imithamo yemithi | Uma ungayithathi imithi yakho ngesikhathi esifanele nsuku zonke, ngeke ukwazi ukulawula igciwane. |
| Akuqedi izinsuku ezingama-28 | Uma uyeka imithi kusenesikhathi, igciwane lizoba nethuba lokuphinda lisebenze. |
| Ukuvezwa kabusha | Uma uphinda ubhekene negciwane ngenkathi uthatha i-PEP. |
| Igciwane elingamelani nemithi | Uma uhlobo lwe-HIV oluvezwe kulo lungamelani nemithi ye-PEP. |
Ingabe ikhona imiphumela emibi yokwelashwa nge-PEP?
Abanye abantu bangase babe nemiphumela emibi emincane evela emithini ye-PEP, kodwa lokhu ngokuvamile akukubi kangako.
- Ukukhathala
- Isicanucanu
- Ukuhlanza
- Uhudo
- Ubuhlungu bekhanda
Uma kwenzeka into efana nale , ungayeki ukuthatha imithi . Ungakhuluma nodokotela wakho uthole ikhambi.
Kufanele ngiye kuphi uma ngivezwa yi-HIV?
Ukuchayeka kwi-HIV kuyisimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha . Ungachithi isikhathi.
Ungaya kulezi zindawo:
1. Iyunithi Yokwelapha Eziphuthumayo (i-ETU) yesibhedlela esiseduze:Lena yindlela engcono kakhulu nesheshayo. Uma usuchaze isimo sakho, bazokwenza okudingekayo.
2. Umtholampilo Wezempilo Yocansi / Umtholampilo Wezifo Zocansi: Ungathola futhi usizo ngalokhu ngokuvakashela imitholampilo yezifo zobulili ezitholakala ezibhedlela zikahulumeni.
3. Udokotela Womndeni Wakho: Udokotela wakho angase akwazi ukukunikeza i-PEP, kodwa cishe uzokudlulisela ku-ETU noma kuchwepheshe.
Nomaphi lapho uya khona, sho ngokucacile ukuthi , "Ngisola ukuthi ngithole i-HIV, futhi ngidinga ukubona udokotela ngokushesha." Isikhathi sibaluleke kakhulu lapha.
Kwenzekani ngemva kwezinsuku ezingu-28?
Ngemva kokuqeda i-PEP, kufanele uphinde uhlolwe i-HIV njengoba kuqondiswe udokotela wakho. Ngokuvamile, uzophinde uhlolwe ngemva kwamasonto angu-4-6 ngemva kokutholakala unegciwane, amasonto angu-12 (izinyanga ezingu-3), kanye namasonto angu-24 (izinyanga ezingu-6). Lena yindlela kuphela yokuqiniseka ngokuphelele ukuthi awunalo igciwane.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ukuchayeka kwi-HIV kuyisimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha. Ungachithi isikhathi wesaba noma unamahloni.
- Kubalulekile ukuqala ukwelashwa nge-PEP zingakapheli amahora angu-72 kusukela utholakale unegciwane. Uma uqala ngokushesha, kulapho uphumelela khona.
- Ukwelashwa nge-PEP kumele kuthathwe izinsuku ezingama-28 , ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa usuku olulodwa, futhi njengoba nje udokotela emyalile.
- Uma unemibuzo, hamba uye eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela esiseduze ngokushesha.
- Sebenzisa ikhondomu njalo ngesikhathi socansi ngenkathi uthatha i-PEP futhi kuze kube yilapho ukuhlolwa kwakho kokugcina kwe-HIV kuqinisekisa ukuthi awunalo igciwane.
- Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthatha izivivinyo ze-HIV ezinconywe udokotela wakho ngezikhathi ezihleliwe ngemva kokwelashwa.
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