Usuneminyaka engama-40. Kodwa uzizwa sengathi ukuya esikhathini kwakho akusafani nalokho okwakunjalo. Kwezinye izinyanga kuyafika, kwezinye izinyanga akusafiki. Uzwa umuzwa oshisayo ongavamile, bese uvuka ujuluka ebusuku. "O, ngingase ngibe nokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini kulesi sikhathi?" Ungase uzibuze. Yebo, kungenzeka. Lesi simo sibizwa ngokuthi ukunqamuka kokuya esikhathini kusenesikhathi. Abantu abaningi bayesaba futhi banamahloni okukhuluma ngakho. Kodwa lesi yisihloko esibaluleke kakhulu okudingeka kukhulunywe ngaso. Ngakho-ke ake sixoxe ngakho konke ngokucacile, njengomngane.
Kuyini lokhu kunqamuka kokuya esikhathini kwasekuqaleni?
Kalula nje, ukunqamuka kokuya esikhathini kuwukuphela unomphela komjikelezo wokuya esikhathini kwabesifazane wanyanga zonke. Njengoba nje insimbi yokugcina ikhala esikoleni, kufika isikhathi emizimbeni yethu lapho ama-ovari eyeka ukusebenza. Ngemva kwalesi sikhathi, ikhono lokuba nabantwana liyanyamalala ngokwemvelo. Lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka kowesifazane eSri Lanka cishe eneminyaka engu-51. Uma eseyekile ukuya esikhathini izinyanga ezingu-12 zilandelana, sithi usefinyelele ukunqamuka kokuya esikhathini.
Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi le "nsimbi yokugcina" ikhala kusenesikhathi. Ake siyihlukanise ibe izingxenye ezimbili:
- Ukunqamuka Kwesikhashana: Uma ukunqamuka kwesikhashana kwenzeka ngaphambi kweminyaka engu-45, sikubiza ngokuthi 'Ukunqamuka Kwesikhashana'.
- Ukunqamuka Kwesikhathi Sokuya Emuva Ngaphambi Kokuya Emuva: Uma ukunqamuka kwesikhashana kwenzeka ngaphambi kweminyaka engu-40, kubizwa ngokuthi 'Ukunqamuka Kwesikhathi Sokuya Emuva Ngaphambi Kokuya Emuva'.
Kokubili lokhu kwenzeka ngaphambi kweminyaka evamile elindelekile. Cishe u-5% wabesifazane baseSri Lanka babhekana nokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini ngaphambi kweminyaka engu-45. Futhi cishe u-1% uhlangabezana nalesi simo ngaphambi kweminyaka engu-40.
Ingabe i-Premature Menopause kanye ne-Primary Ovarian Insufficiency (POI) ziyafana?
Yebo, lezi ezimbili ziyadida kancane, kodwa ziyizimo ezimbili ezihlukene. Nakuba abantu abaningi bezibheka njengento efanayo, kunomehluko omncane ngokwezokwelapha.
- Ukunqamuka Kwesikhathi Ngaphambi Kokuya Esikhathini: Kulokhu, ama-ovari ayayeka ukusebenza unomphela . Ngeke uphinde uye esikhathini, futhi ngeke ukwazi ukuba nabantwana. Kufana nokuvala unomphela umnyango wesitolo bese ulahla ukhiye.
- Ukuntuleka Okuyinhloko Kwesibeletho (POI): Yilapho ama-ovari eyeka ukusebenza ngokuzumayo. Kodwa lokhu akuhlali njalo . Ngezinye izikhathi ukuya esikhathini kungaphinde kuqale. Kunezikhathi lapho abanye abantu bekwazi ngisho nokuba nomntwana. Kufana nomnyango wesitolo ovaliwe, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi umnikazi uyafika awuvule futhi.
Ngakho-ke, uma isikhathi sakho siphela ngaphambi kweminyaka engama-40, kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho ukuze uthole ukuthi ngabe ukunqamuka kokuya esikhathini kungakabi yisikhathi noma i-POI.
Kungani lokhu kwenzeka? Yiziphi izizathu zalokhu?
Ezimweni eziningi, imbangela eqondile ingase ingatholakali. Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi cishe abesifazane abangu-50% abanaso isizathu esicacile salokhu. Kodwa-ke, kunezici eziningana eziyinhloko ezingaba nomthelela kulesi simo.
| Imbangela | Incazelo Elula |
|---|---|
| Ukwelashwa komdlavuza | Izinto ezifana ne-chemotherapy noma ukwelashwa ngemisebe zingabhubhisa amangqamuzana omdlavuza, kodwa futhi zingalimaza ama-ovari ethu anempilo. |
| Ukuhlinzwa | Uma uhlinzwa i-oophorectomy, esusa womabili ama-ovari, uzobhekana nokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini ngokushesha. Ngisho noma ama-ovari eshiywa ephelele ngesikhathi sokususwa kwesibeletho, ngezinye izikhathi igazi eliya kuwo lingancipha, okubangela ukunqamuka kokuya esikhathini ngaphambi kwesikhathi. |
| Umlando womndeni | Uma umuntu onjengomama wakho, udadewenu, noma u-anti wakho eqale ukunqamuka kokuya esikhathini, usengozini enkulu kancane. Lokhu kuyinto evela ezizakhini zakho zofuzo. |
| Izimo zofuzo | Ezinye izinkinga ze-chromosome, njenge-Turner's syndrome noma i-Fragile X syndrome, zibangela ukuthi ama-ovari angakhuli kahle. |
| Izifo Zokuzivikela Ngokuzenzakalelayo | Yilapho amasosha omzimba wethu ehlasela khona ama-ovary ethu. Abantu abanezifo ezifana ne-rheumatoid arthritis kanye nesifo se-thyroid basengozini. |
| Ukubhema | Abesifazane ababhemayo banamazinga aphansi e-estrogen, okungababangela ukuthi badlule esikhathini sokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini unyaka noma emibili ngaphambi kwabangabhemi. |
| Ezinye izifo nezifo | Izifo ezithile ezibangelwa amagciwane njenge-mumps, i-HIV/AIDS, kanye nezimo ezifana ne-chronic fatigue syndrome nazo zingalimaza ama-ovari. |
Khumbula, lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka ngezizathu ezingaphezu kwamandla akho. Ngakho-ke ungalokothi ucabange ukuthi, "Leli yiphutha lami."
Ngingazi kanjani ukuthi nginalesi simo? Ziyini izimpawu?
Uphawu lokuqala nolubaluleke kakhulu lwalokhu ukujikeleza kokuya esikhathini okungajwayelekile . Ukuya esikhathini kungase kume izinyanga bese kuqala futhi. Noma inani lezinsuku zokuya esikhathini linganda noma linciphe, futhi inani lokopha lingashintsha. Ngaphezu kwalokhu, zonke izimpawu ezibonakala ngesikhathi sokuya esikhathini okuvamile zingabonakala nakule ndaba.
| Isibonakaliso | Lokhu kukwenza uzizwe kanjani? (Lokho Ongase Ukuzwe) |
|---|---|
| Ukushisa Okushisayo | Umuzwa osheshayo wokushisa nokujuluka umzimba wonke, ikakhulukazi ubuso nentamo. Lokhu kungahlala imizuzu embalwa. |
| Ukujuluka Kwasebusuku | Ukuvuka ebusuku ujuluka. Ngisho namashidi okulala angase abe manzi. |
| Ukoma kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane | Ukoma kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane kanye nobuhlungu ngesikhathi socansi. Kungase kube nokulunywa. |
| Ukungalali | Ukuthola ubunzima bokulala ebusuku, noma ukuvuka njalo. |
| Izinguquko zengqondo | Ukuthukuthela kalula, ukulimala ngezinto ezincane, ukuzizwa udangele (ukucindezeleka), kanye nokuzizwa ukwesaba okungenangqondo (ukukhathazeka). |
| Izinkinga zesistimu yomchamo | Ukudinga ukuchama njalo. Ukuvela njalo kwezifo zomgudu womchamo (UTIs). |
| Ezinye izici | Isikhumba esomile, amehlo, nomlomo, ubuhlungu bamalunga nemisipha, ukwehla kwesifiso sobulili, ukwehla kwenkumbulo nokunaka, ukwehla kwezinwele, kanye nokushintsha kwesisindo. |
Udokotela usithola kanjani lesi simo ngokunembile?
Uma ungaphansi kweminyaka engama-45 futhi unezimpawu ezishiwo ngenhla, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela wakho. Ungazami ukuzixilonga ngokubheka izinto ku-inthanethi. Udokotela wakho uzokwenza okulandelayo:
1. Bazokubuza imibuzo: mayelana nomjikelezo wakho wokuya esikhathini, ukuthi ukhona yini emndenini wakho oke wakwenza lokhu, kanye nanoma yimiphi eminye imithi oyiphuzayo.
2. Wenza ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba: Wenza ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba okuvamile.
3. Ukuhlolwa kwegazi: Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu. Igazi lakho lizohlolwa amazinga ama-hormone, ikakhulukazi i-hormone ebizwa ngokuthi i-FSH (i-Follicle-Stimulating Hormone). Leli zinga lama-hormone likhuphuka kakhulu ngesikhathi sokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinto ezifana nama-hormone e-thyroid zizohlolwa ukuze kubonakale ukuthi zikhona yini ezinye izimo zezokwelapha.
Ngemva kwalezi zivivinyo, udokotela uzonquma ukuthi une-menopause ngaphambi kwesikhathi noma enye inkinga yezempilo.
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha lokhu? Ingabe kungaguqulwa?
Ngeshwa, ukunqamuka kokuya esikhathini akukwazi ukuguqulwa. Okusho ukuthi, ama-ovari awakwazi ukuvuselelwa. Kodwa-ke, kunezindlela eziningi zokwelapha ezisebenzayo zokusiza ukuphatha izimpawu nokunciphisa izingozi zempilo zesikhathi eside.
Ukwelashwa okuyinhlokoUkwelashwa Kokufaka Ama-hormone Esikhundleni (HRT) - Lokhu kuhilela ukunikeza ama-hormone e-estrogen ne-progesterone angekho emzimbeni ngaphandle.
Kungani ukwelashwa kwe-HRT kubalulekile?
- Ngokuyinhloko ilawula izimpawu ezikhathazayo njengokuzwa ukushisa, ukuqwasha, kanye nokoma kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane.
- Kusiza ekuvimbeleni i-osteoporosis isikhathi eside.
- Kunciphisa ingozi yesifo senhliziyo .
- Kusiza ukugcina ikhwalithi yempilo yakho.
Odokotela bavame ukuncoma ukuthatha i-HRT uze ufinyelele eminyakeni yokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini ngokwemvelo (cishe eminyakeni engu-51 ubudala). Kodwa-ke, ayifanele wonke umuntu (isibonelo, labo abanomlando womdlavuza webele). Ngakho-ke, kufanele uxoxe ngezinzuzo nezingozi zalokhu kwelashwa nodokotela wakho ukuze unqume ukuthi yikuphi okungcono kakhulu kuwe.
Kuthiwani ngethemba lokuba nezingane?
Enye yezinto ezidumazayo kakhulu zokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini ekuqaleni kokukhulelwa ukulahlekelwa yithemba ngengane. Akunakwenzeka ukukhulelwa ngokwemvelo ngemva kokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini. Kodwa-ke, akudingeki ulahle ithemba ngokuphelele. Kukhona nezinketho zalokhu futhi:
- Ukwelashwa nge-IVF: Ingane ingadalwa ngobuchwepheshe be-IVF kusetshenziswa amaqanda atholwe komunye umnikeli (Amaqanda Abanikeli).
- Ukuqandisa Amaqanda: Uma uthatha amaqanda akho bese uwaqandisa ngaphambi kokuqala okuthile okufana nokwelashwa komdlavuza, ungasebenzisa lawo maqanda ukuze ube nomntwana kamuva.
- Ukutholwa: Enye indlela iwukuthatha ingane ibe ngeyakho.
Ungakhuluma nodokotela wezifo zokubelethisa kanye nodokotela wezifo zabesifazane ngalokhu bese nixoxa ngenketho engcono kakhulu kuwe.
Yiziphi izingozi zesikhathi eside zokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini ngaphambi kwesikhathi?
Lezi akuzona nje izimpawu ezicasulayo. I-hormone i-estrogen iyisivikelo esibaluleke kakhulu emizimbeni yethu. Ukulahlekelwa yileyo hormone eminyakeni edlule kungaholela ezingozini eziningana zempilo zesikhathi eside.
- I-Osteoporosis: I-estrogen isiza ukugcina amathambo ethu eqinile. Uma ilahleka, amathambo asheshe aqhekeke. Ngisho nokuwa okuncane kungabangela ukuba ithambo liphuke.
- Isifo Senhliziyo: I-hormone i-estrogen ivikela inhliziyo nemithambo yegazi yethu. Njengoba leso sivikelo siphela ngaphambi kwesikhathi, ingozi yesifo senhliziyo nesifo sohlangothi iyanda.
- Ukucindezeleka: Ukucindezeleka kungenzeka ngenxa yezinguquko zamahomoni kanye nokucindezeleka okubangelwa yilesi simo.
- Izifo zesimiso sezinzwa: Ezinye izifundo zibonisa ukuthi ingozi yokuthola izifo ezifana ne-dementia kanye nesifo sikaParkinson inganda kancane.
Yingakho kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nokwelashwa okufana ne-HRT.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ukuyeka ukuya esikhathini ngaphambi kweminyaka engu-45 kubizwa ngokuthi 'Ukunqamuka Kwesikhathi Sokuqala', kanti ukuyeka ngaphambi kweminyaka engu-40 kubizwa ngokuthi 'Ukunqamuka Kwesikhathi Sokuqala'.
- Uma ungaphansi kweminyaka engu-45 futhi unezimpawu ezifana nokuya esikhathini okungajwayelekile kanye nokushisa komzimba, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela.
- Kungaba nezizathu eziningi zalokhu, kodwa isikhathi esiningi asikho isizathu esicacile. Akulona iphutha lakho leli.
- Nakuba lesi simo singenakuguqulwa, kunezindlela zokwelapha ezisebenzayo, njenge-HRT, zokulawula izimpawu nokunciphisa izingozi zempilo zesikhathi eside.
- Uma unethemba lokuba nezingane, khuluma nochwepheshe mayelana nezinketho zakho.
- Awuwedwa. Ukuxoxa ngalokhu nomlingani wakho, umndeni, noma umngane omethembayo kungakusiza uzizwe ukhululekile kakhudlwana.
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