Ingabe kancane kancane ulahlekelwa ikhono lakho lokukhuluma? Lokhu kungaba yi-Primary Progressive Aphasia (PPA)

Ingabe ngezinye izikhathi uzizwa sengathi awukwazi ukuthola amagama afanele ongawasho? Noma ingabe ukuthola kunzima ukuqonda ukuthi othile uthini? Mhlawumbe wazi othile emndenini wakho, umama noma ubaba, onalolu hlobo lobunzima? Nakuba lezi zinto zingase zibonakale njengezinto ezivamile ezenzeka njengoba ukhula, ngezinye izikhathi zingaba uphawu lokuthile okujulile. Namuhla sikhuluma ngesinye sezimo ezinjalo, i-Primary Progressive Aphasia (PPA).

Iyini ngempela i-PPA?

Kalula nje, i-Primary Progressive Aphasia (PPA) iyisifo sobuchopho. Yisifo esiwohloka ngenxa yokuphazamiseka kwemizwa esinciphisa kancane kancane isimiso sezinzwa futhi siwohloka kancane kancane ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ngokukhethekile, silimaza izingxenye zobuchopho ezihilelekile ekhonweni lethu lokukhuluma, ukufunda, ukubhala nokuqonda ulimi.

Cabanga ukuthi ubuchopho bethu bufana nomtapo wolwazi omkhulu. Zonke izincwadi, amagama, kanye nezincazelo ezihlobene nolimi zigcinwa engxenyeni ekhethekile yalowo mtapo wolwazi. I-PPA yilokho kanye okwenzekayo lapho izincwadi ezikulesi sigaba zibola kancane kancane, ngayinye ngayinye, futhi zingabe zisaba usizo.

I-PPA ibhekwa njengohlobo lwe -Frontotemporal Dementia (FTD) noma i-Alzheimer's Dementia . Lezi zifo zibangela ukuthi izingxenye zangaphambili nezesikhashana zobuchopho bethu zingasebenzi kancane kancane. Amakhono ethu olimi alawulwa kakhulu yilezi zingxenye.

Yiziphi izinhlobo eziyinhloko zama-PPA?

I-PPA ihlukaniswe kakhulu ngezinhlobo ezintathu. Izici zohlobo ngalunye zihlukile kancane. Ake sikuqonde kahle kusukela kuleli thebula.

Yiziphi izimpawu zalesi sifo?

Izimpawu ziyahlukahluka kuye ngohlobo esixoxe ngalo ekuqaleni. Ngokuvamile, lezi zimpawu zingaqala ukuvela phakathi kweminyaka engu-50 no-70. Kancane kancane ziba zimbi kakhulu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Izici ze-logopenic variant PPA

• Kunzima ukuthola igama elifanele ongalisho.
• Ubunzima bokuqonda imisho emide noma eyinkimbinkimbi.
• Kunzima kakhulu ukusho imisho emide kunemisho emifushane.
• Ukuphumula njalo lapho ukhuluma.
• Ukubiza amagama ngendlela engafanele.
• Ukusebenzisa amanye amagama esikhundleni samagama athile (isib. ukusho "ikati" esikhundleni sokuthi "inja").

Izici ze-PPA ezingafani kahle (ezingenalo uhlamvu)

• Ubunzima bokusebenzisa izindebe nolimi ukwenza imisindo kahle (i-apraxia).
• Ubunzima bokugwinya.
• Izinkinga ngokuhamba kanye nokunyakaza (ukunyakaza okuhamba kancane nokuqinile, ukulahlekelwa yibhalansi, ukuwa njalo).
• Ukususa amagama emishweni nokukhuluma kalula (isib., "Umama uzodla isidlo sakusihlwa" esikhundleni sokuthi "Ngizodla isidlo sakusihlwa noMama").
• Ubunzima bokuqonda imisho emide noma eyinkimbinkimbi.
• Abanye abantu bangase bakuthole kunzima ukukhuluma futhi bangase babe yizimungulu .

Izici ze-PPA ezihlukile ze-Semantic

• Ukukhohlwa ukuthi yiziphi izinto ezijwayelekile nokuthi yini okufanele uyenze ngazo.
• Angikhumbuli incazelo yamagama.
• Kunzima ukuthola igama elifanele ongalisho.
• Ubunzima bokufunda nokubhala.

Yini ebangela i-PPA? Ingabe zikhona izinto eziyingozi?

Lesi simo senzeka ngoba amangqamuzana asezingxenyeni zobuchopho bethu alawula ulimi ayafa kancane kancane. Lokhu kubangela ukuthi izicubu zobuchopho zinciphe. Kwezokwelapha, lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi i-atrophy .Kuthiwa lokhu kuncipha yisona sizathu esenza amakhono ahlobene nolimi alahleke.

Nakuba lesi simo singaba khona kunoma ubani, abanye abantu basengozini enkulu.

• Uma othile emndenini eke waba ne-PPA.
• Ukuba nezinhlobo ezithile zofuzo , njenge-`(C9orf72, MAPT noma GRN)`.
• Uma wawunenkinga yokufunda useyingane.
• Ukuba nesifo i-Alzheimer's.

Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi lesi simo singase senzeke ngaphandle kwesizathu esicacile.

Udokotela ukuthola kanjani lokhu?

Uma unezinkinga zolimi, kufanele nakanjani ubonane nodokotela. Udokotela uzokubuza ngezimpawu zakho kanye nomlando wezokwelapha womndeni wakho. Ngemuva kwalokho, bangenza izivivinyo ezithile ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa.

• Ukuhlolwa kwemizwa: Ibhalansi yakho, ukusabela komzimba, kanye nokusebenza kwesimiso sezinzwa kuyahlolwa.
• Ukuhlolwa kokuqonda: Ukuhlolwa okulinganisa inkumbulo, ikhono lokucabanga, kanye namakhono olimi.
• Ukuskena kobuchopho: Kungenziwa ukuskena kwe-MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) noma i-CT (Computed Tomography) ukuze kubonakale ukuthi kukhona yini ukuncipha noma ezinye izinguquko ebuchosheni.

Izigaba zesifo se-PPA

Ngenxa yokuthi lesi sifo siya siba sibi kancane kancane ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kuye kwatholakala izigaba eziningana.

1. Isigaba 1 (esincane kakhulu): Kusobala ukuthi kunenkinga yolimi encane kakhulu. Kungase kucatshangwe ukuthi kungenxa yokuguga noma ukucindezeleka. Akuvamile ukuthola ukuxilongwa kulesi sigaba.

2. Isigaba 2 (esincane): Izinkinga zolimi zivela njalo. Amalungu omndeni wakho nawo aqala ukuqaphela lo mehluko. Lokhu kuqala ukuthinta imisebenzi yansuku zonke.

3. Isigaba 3 (Esiphakathi): Imisebenzi yansuku zonke iba nzima kakhulu ukuyenza wedwa. Ukukhuluma nabanye nokuba nobudlelwano nabantu kungaba yinto ekhungathekisayo kakhulu.

4. Isigaba 4 (Sinzima): Kunzima kakhulu ukukhuluma nokuqonda ulimi. Usizo ngemisebenzi yansuku zonke luyadingeka. Ukuhlala wedwa kungaba yingozi.

5. Isigaba 5 (esinzima kakhulu): Inkulumo nokuqonda ulimi kuyalahleka kakhulu. Izinguquko zokuziphatha nokucabanga ziyenzeka. Kudingeka ukunakekelwa amahora angama-24.

6. Isigaba 6 (sokugcina): Ukungakwazi ukukhuluma noma ukuqonda ulimi. Kungase kuzwakale imisindo engeyona eyezwi. Kungase kulahlekelwe ikhono lokunyakaza.

Ingabe ikhona indlela yokwelapha lokhu?

Ngeshwa, akukho ukwelashwa okutholakale okungayelapha ngokuphelele i-PPA.Akunakwenzeka futhi ukuvimba lesi sifo ukuthi singabi sibi kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, kunezindlela zokwelapha ezingasiza ekulawuleni izimpawu, zinciphise ukuqhubeka kwesifo, futhi zenze impilo ibe lula.

Udokotela wakho angase ancome izindlela zokwelapha ezifana nalezi:

• Ukwelapha ngenkulumo: Lokhu kusiza ukugcina amakhono olimi isikhathi eside ngangokunokwenzeka futhi kufundwe amasu amasha okuxhumana.
• Ukufunda izindlela ezintsha zokuxhumana: Ukujwayela ukusebenzisa izinto ezifana nolimi lwezandla noma amakhadi ezithombe.
• Imithi: Imithi efana ne- Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs) ingase inikezwe ukulawula izinguquko zokuziphatha, ukucindezeleka, noma ukukhathazeka.
• Imithi ye-Alzheimer's: Uma imbangela ye-PPA kuyisifo se-Alzheimer's, imithi efana ne -donepezil noma i-rivastigmine esetshenziselwa leso simo inganikezwa.

Impilo izoba njani ngalesi sifo?

I-PPA yisimo esiba sibi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ekugcineni, amakhono olimi nokuxhumana angalahleka ngokuphelele. Njengoba lesi sifo sisakazekela kwezinye izingxenye zobuchopho, ukucabanga nokuziphatha nakho kuyathinteka.

Ngokuvamile, isilinganiso sokuphila ngemva kokuqala kwezimpawu siyiminyaka emihlanu kuya kweyisikhombisa, kodwa lokhu kuyahlukahluka kakhulu kumuntu nomuntu. Ngakho-ke ungakhathazeki ngezibalo. Udokotela wakho kuphela ongakunikeza ulwazi olungcono kakhulu ngesimo sakho.