Ingabe izinyawo zakho namaqakala akho kuyavuvukala ngaso sonke isikhathi? Ingabe uzizwa uphelelwa umoya ngisho nangemva kokuhamba noma ukukhuphuka izitebhisi? Ungase ucabange ukuthi kuyinkinga yezinso noma isimo esivamile lapho umzimba wakho ugcwala khona amanzi. Kodwa bewazi ukuthi lezi zinto zingabangelwa yinkinga yenhliziyo yakho? Namuhla sikhuluma ngesinye isimo esinjalo, esibizwa ngokuthi 'Ukuhluleka Kwenhliziyo Okuhlangothini Lokunene' . Lokhu kungase kuzwakale njengegama elingathi sína, kodwa ungakhathazeki. Ake sixoxe ngakho kalula.
Kalula nje, kuyini ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo okuhlangothini lwesokudla?
Cabanga nje ukuthi inhliziyo yethu ifana nendlu encane enamakamelo amane. Kunezinhlangothi ezimbili zale ndlu, uhlangothi lwesobunxele nohlangothi lwesokudla. Kunamakamelo amabili ohlangothini ngalunye.
Manje, umsebenzi oyinhloko wohlangothi lwesokudla lwenhliziyo ukuqoqa igazi "elingcolile" elisetshenziswe lonke futhi eliphelelwe umoya-mpilo emzimbeni wethu, bese ulipompa ulibuyisele emaphashini ukuze liphinde lifakwe umoya-mpilo.
Kodwa esimweni esibizwa ngokuthi 'Ukwehluleka Kwenhliziyo Okuhlangothini Lokunene', ikhono lokupompa lohlangothi lwesokudla lwenhliziyo liyawohloka. Kufana nephampu yamanzi engasebenzi kahle futhi ingapompi amanzi. Kwenzekani ngenxa yalokho?
- Igazi elidinga ukuthunyelwa emaphashini alikwazi ukupompa kahle.
- Ngenxa yalokhu, igazi liqoqana emithanjeni ethwala igazi lisuka emzimbeni liye enhliziyweni, okubangela ukuminyana kwezimoto.
- Lokhu kuxinana kwandisa ingcindezi ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi.
- Ngenxa yalokho kucindezela okwandisiwe, uketshezi olungaphakathi kwemithambo luqala ukuvuza kancane kancane ezicutshini ezizungezile.
- Lolu ketshezi luyavuza luqongelele ezindaweni ezifana nemilenze yakho, amaqakala, kanye nesisu, okubangela ukuvuvukala (i-edema).
Kalula nje, yileyo indaba. Lapho iphampu yohlangothi lwesokudla iba buthaka, uhlelo lwegazi luyaminyana futhi umzimba ugcwala amanzi.
Ngakho-ke kuyini ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo ohlangothini lwesobunxele?
Inhliziyo inohlangothi lwesokudla kanye nohlangothi lwesobunxele. Umsebenzi wohlangothi lwesobunxele ukupompa igazi "elihlanzekile" elinomoya-mpilo lisuka emaphashini liye kuwo wonke umzimba. Ngenxa yokuthi kufanele lipompe igazi kuwo wonke umzimba, uhlangothi lwesobunxele lunamandla kakhulu futhi lukhulu kunohlangothi lwesokudla.
'Ukwehluleka Kwenhliziyo Okuhlangothini Lwesobunxele' yisimo lapho ukusebenza kohlangothi lwesobunxele lwenhliziyo kuphazamiseka khona. Ngokumangazayo, ezimweni eziningi, imbangela eyinhloko yokwehluleka kwenhliziyo okuhlangothi lwesobunxele ukuqala ngokwehluleka kohlangothi lwesobunxele lwenhliziyo. Sizobheka lokho kancane ngezansi.
Yini ebangela ubuthakathaka ohlangothini lwesokudla lwenhliziyo?
Njengoba sishilo ngaphambili, imbangela eyinhloko nevame kakhulu ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo ohlangothini lwesobunxele. Kodwa-ke, kungase kube nezinye izimbangela. Ake sihlukanise lezi zimbangela.
| Izimbangela eziyinhloko | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| Ukwehluleka Kwenhliziyo Ohlangothini Lwesobunxele | Lesi yisona sizathu esiyinhloko esenza uhlangothi lwesokudla lomzimba lube buthaka kubantu abaningi . Lapho uhlangothi lwesobunxele luba buthaka, ukuminyana ohlelweni lwegazi kancane kancane kuthinta uhlangothi lwesokudla, okwenza lolo hlangothi lube buthaka. |
| Izifo zamaphaphu | - Isifo samaphaphu sesikhathi eside (isib. i-COPD - Isifo samaphaphu esingapheli ) - Umfutho wegazi ophezulu emaphashini (Pulmonary Hypertension) - I-pulmonary embolism (ukuqhekeka kwegazi emaphashini) |
| Ezinye izifo zenhliziyo ezenza uhlangothi lwesobunxele lube buthaka | - Isifo Semithambo Yenhliziyo - Umfutho wegazi ophakeme ongalawuleki - Ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo kwangaphambilini |
Iphuzu elibalulekile: Ngokuvamile, lolu hambo luqala ngezimo ezingalawuleki njengomfutho wegazi ophakeme kanye ne-cholesterol. Uma zingalawulwa, lokhu kungenza kancane kancane uhlangothi lwesobunxele lwenhliziyo lube buthaka, ekugcineni kuthinte nohlangothi lwesokudla.
Inkinga engakwesobunxele iyithinta kanjani kwesokudla?
Manje ungase ucabange, "Kulungile, uma ipompo yesobunxele ibuthakathaka, uhlangothi lwesokudla lungaba kanjani nenkinga?" Kusebenza kanje, cabanga ngakho njengokuminyana kwezimoto emgwaqweni.
1. Uma uhlangothi lwesobunxele lwenhliziyo luba buthaka, inani legazi elingalimpompa emzimbeni liyancipha.
2. Ngenxa yalokhu, igazi obekufanele ngabe ligeleza ohlangothini lwesobunxele liqala ukubambeka bese liqongelela emaphashini.
3. Uma igazi liqongelela ngaphakathi emaphashini, umfutho wegazi emaphashini uyakhuphuka.
4. Manje umsebenzi wohlangothi lwesokudla ukupompa igazi liye emaphashini, lapho lokhu kucindezela kukhula khona.
5. Njengoba uhlangothi lwesokudla lwenhliziyo luqhubeka nokusebenza ngokumelene nokucindezela okwandayo, luzizwa sengathi lukhuphuka intaba. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, uhlangothi lwesokudla luyabuthaka kancane kancane, lungakwazi ukuthwala lesi sisindo, futhi ekugcineni lulahlekelwa ikhono lalo lokupompa.
Yileyo ndlela inkinga ohlangothini lwesobunxele ethinta ngayo uhlangothi lwesokudla.
Ziyini izimpawu zalesi simo?
Uphawu oluyinhloko lwalesi simo ukuvuvukala (i-edema) okubangelwa ukunqwabelana koketshezi emzimbeni, njengoba sixoxile ngaphambili. Kodwa-ke, kungase kube nezinye izimpawu.
| Isigaba sezimpawu | Izici ezibonakalayo |
|---|---|
| Uphawu oluyinhloko: Ukuvuvukala (i-Edema) | |
| Izindawo ezivuvukele | - Imilenze, izinyawo namaqakala. - Uma umi, uketshezi luyaqoqana phansi ngenxa yamandla adonsela phansi. - Uma ulele embhedeni, umhlane wakho ongezansi ungase uvuvuke. - Njengoba isimo siba sibi kakhulu, uketshezi lunganqwabelana esiswini lugcwalise isisu ( ama-ascites ). |
| Ezinye izici ezivamile | |
| Ubunzima bokuphefumula | - Ubunzima bokuphefumula ngisho noma uzikhandla kancane. - Ubunzima bokuphefumula uma ulele phansi ebusuku. |
| Izimpawu ezihlobene nenhliziyo | - Ubuhlungu besifuba noma ukungakhululeki. - Ukuzizwa sengathi inhliziyo yakho ishaya ngokushesha (Ukushaya Kwenhliziyo). |
| Izimpawu zesistimu yokugaya ukudla | - Ukunqwabelana koketshezi oluzungeze isibindi nesisu kungabangela isicanucanu, ukuqunjelwa, kanye nokulahlekelwa yisifiso sokudla. |
| Izici ezithuthukisiwe | Njengoba isimo siba sibi kakhulu, isisindo somzimba kanye nemisipha kungancipha ngokushesha. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-Cardiac Cachexia . |
Ukuthola kanjani lokhu, Dokotela?
Uma uya kudokotela onalezi zimpawu, uzolandela izinyathelo eziningana ukuze athole lesi simo.
1. Ukukubuza imininingwane: Into yokuqala esiyenzayo ukukhuluma nawe ngokuphelele. Sikubuza ngezimpawu zakho, ukuthi usunesikhathi esingakanani unazo, nokuthi unezinye izimo zezokwelapha, njengomfutho wegazi ophakeme noma isifo sikashukela.
2. Ukuhlolwa komzimba: Okulandelayo, uzohlolwa.
- Ukushaya kwenhliziyo yakho kanye nomfutho wegazi kuyalinganiswa.
- Isifuba namaphaphu kulalelwa nge-stethoscope.
- Hlola ngokucophelela ukuvuvukala ezindaweni ezifana nemilenze nesisu.
Ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha okudingekayo
Ngemva kokubukeza izimpawu zakho nokuhlolwa ngokomzimba, udokotela wakho uzoncoma ukuhlolwa okuningana ukuqinisekisa isimo nokuthola imbangela.
- I-X-ray yesifuba: Lokhu kungasetshenziswa ukuhlola ukuthi inhliziyo ikhuphukile yini kanye nokwakheka koketshezi emaphashini.
- I-ECG (i-Electrocardiogram): Ngokuqopha umsebenzi kagesi wenhliziyo, kungenzeka ukubona ukungalingani kwenhliziyo kanye nezimpawu zokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo.
- I-Echocardiogram (Echo): Lokhu kufana nokuskena kwenhliziyo. Kungahlola ukuthi amakamelo enhliziyo makhulu kangakanani, ukuthi ama-valve enhliziyo asebenza kahle kangakanani, nokuthi inhliziyo ishaya kahle kangakanani (ingxenye yokukhipha). Lokhu ukuhlolwa okubaluleke kakhulu.
- Ukuhlolwa Kwegazi: Lokhu kulinganisa ngqo amazinga ekhemikhali ebizwa ngokuthi ``Natriuretic Peptides (NPs).`` Leli khemikhali liyakhula egazini lapho inhliziyo izwa umthwalo womsebenzi owandisiwe.
Kwezinye izimo, ukuhlolwa okufana ne-MRI, i-CT scan, kanye ne-cardiac catheterization kungenziwa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi kutholakale isifo noma kukhishwe ezinye izimbangela.
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha lokhu?
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukukhumbula ukuthi nakuba lesi simo singelapheki ngokuphelele, singalawulwa kahle kakhulu futhi ungaphila impilo esebenzayo ngokwelashwa okufanele kanye nokushintsha indlela yokuphila .
Kunemigomo emibili eyinhloko ekwelashweni: eyodwa ukulawula izimpawu, kanti enye ukuvimbela lesi sifo ukuthi singabi sibi kakhulu.
1. Izinguquko Zendlela Yokuphila
Lesi yisisekelo sokwelashwa. Akwanele ukuphuza imithi nje, udinga futhi ukwenza lezi zinto ngokwakho.
- Nciphisa usawoti odliwayo: Njengoba usawoti wandisa ukugcinwa kwamanzi emzimbeni, kunciphisa kakhulu inani likasawoti ofakwa ekudleni.
- Ukunciphisa uketshezi oluthathwayo:Udokotela wakho uzokunikeza inani lamanzi okufanele uwaphuze ngosuku. Ungaphuzi amanzi angaphezu kwalelo nani.
- Ukuyeka ukubhema notshwala ngokuphelele: Kokubili kuyingozi kakhulu enhliziyweni.
- Ukudla okunempilo: Yidla amafutha noshukela omncane, imifino eminingi, izithelo kanye nemifino eluhlaza.
- Ukugcina isisindo esinempilo: Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile kubeka inhliziyo enkingeni.
- Ukuzivocavoca: Buza udokotela wakho bese uhlanganyela ekuzivocavoceni okulula okukufanele. Ngisho nokuhamba kuhle.
- Ukulawula ukucindezeleka: Gcina inhlalakahle yengqondo ngezinto ezifana ne-yoga nokuzindla.
2. Imithi
Kuye ngesimo sakho, udokotela wakho uzoncoma izinhlobo eziningana zemithi.
- Ama-Diuretics: Lawa abizwa nangokuthi "amaphilisi amanzi." Asiza ekukhipheni uketshezi oluningi emzimbeni ngomchamo.
- Imithi yokucindezeleka kwegazi: Imithi efana ne-ACE inhibitors, ama-ARB, nama-ARNI inciphisa ukucindezeleka emithanjeni yegazi futhi inciphise umthwalo womsebenzi enhliziyweni.
- Imithi yokwehlisa izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo: Imithi efana ne-'Beta-blockers' isiza ukulawula izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo futhi inike inhliziyo ukuphumula.
- Eminye imithi: Uma kudingeka, imithi efana nemithi yokwehlisa igazi kanye nemithi yokwehlisa i-cholesterol inganikezwa.
3. Ezinye izindlela zokwelapha
Uma isimo siba sibi kakhulu, udokotela angase ancome amadivayisi akhethekile noma ukuhlinzwa.
- Imishini ekhethekile: Uma ukushaya kwenhliziyo kungajwayelekile, ama-pacemaker anjenge-`Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator (ICD)` noma i-`Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy (CRT)` angafakwa ukuze ayilawule.
- Ukuhlinzwa: Uma kukhona imbangela engelashwa ngokuhlinzwa, njengenkinga yevalvu yenhliziyo noma ukuvaleka kwemithambo yenhliziyo, ungathunyelwa ukuze uthole ukuhlinzwa okufana ne-'Coronary Artery Bypass' noma i-'Valve Replacement'.
- Ukufakelwa Inhliziyo: Njengendlela yokugcina, ukufakelwa inhliziyo kungacatshangelwa ezimweni ezithuthukile lapho kungekho okunye ukwelashwa okungalawula lesi simo.
Kunini lapho kufanele ufune khona iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha?
Uma uzwa ubuhlungu besifuba obungazelelwe, obukhulu, ukuphelelwa umoya okukhulu, noma uquleka, kungaba uphawu lokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo. Esimweni esinjalo, shayela i-ambulensi ngokushesha noma uye eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela esiseduze.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma uthola noma yiziphi izimpawu ezintsha noma eziba zimbi kakhulu ezilandelayo, bheka udokotela wakho:
- Ubunzima obandayo bokuphefumula.
- Ukuvuvukala emilenzeni okwanda ngokushesha ezinsukwini ezimbalwa.
- Ukuzwa ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungavamile.
- Ukuzizwa ukhathele noma ubuthakathaka ngendlela engavamile.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ukwehluleka Kwenhliziyo Okuhlangothini Lokudla yisimo lapho uhlangothi lwesokudla lwenhliziyo luhluleka ukupompa kahle, okuholela ekugcinweni koketshezi emzimbeni kanye nokuvuvukala, ikakhulukazi imilenze kanye nesisu.
- Imbangela enkulu yalesi simo ubuthakathaka bokuqala kohlangothi lwesobunxele lwenhliziyo. Umfutho wegazi ophakeme kanye nezinye izifo zenhliziyo kungaholela kulokhu.
- Uma unezimpawu ezifana nokuvuvukala kwemilenze, ubunzima bokuphefumula ngisho noma usebenza kancane, kanye nokulahlekelwa yisifiso sokudla, funa iseluleko sikadokotela.
- Nakuba lokhu kungelapheki ngokuphelele, kungalawulwa kahle kakhulu futhi kuphile impilo evamile ngemithi, izinguquko zendlela yokuphila, kanye nokuqashwa okufanele kwezokwelapha.
- Kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho kanye nemithi ngqo. Ungalokothi uyeke ukuthatha imithi yakho noma ushintshe umthamo ngokwakho.
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