Sonke sizwile ngezinhlobo ezahlukene zemithi yezifo ezahlukene, akunjalo? Namuhla sizokhuluma ngezinhlobo ezahlukene zemithi. Lezi zibizwa ngokuthi 'ama-Protease Inhibitors'. Kungenzeka ukuthi awukaze uzwe ngaleli gama, kodwa lolu hlobo lwemithi lubalulekile ekulawuleni ukutheleleka okukhulu kwegciwane njenge-HIV/AIDS, i-Hepatitis C, kanye ne-COVID-19. Ngakho ake sibheke ukuthi ziyini lezi, zisebenza kanjani, nokuthi yiziphi izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu okudingeka uzazi ngazo.
Kalula nje, ziyini lezi zithiyo ze-protease?
Kalula nje, ama-protease inhibitors uhlobo lomuthi osetshenziselwa ukwelapha izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane . Umsebenzi wawo oyinhloko ukuvimba igciwane ukuthi lingazakhi amakhophi alo uma selingene emzimbeni wethu, okusho ukuthi alikwazi ukusabalala kakhulu. Lo muthi empeleni 'uvimba' igciwane ukuthi lingasabalali.
Lo muthi waziwa kakhulu ngokuthi umuthi wokulwa negciwane osetshenziswa ukuphatha i-HIV/AIDS. Uphinde usetshenziswe ekwelapheni i-hepatitis C kanye ne-COVID-19.
Ngezinye izikhathi lawa ma-protease inhibitors anikezwa wodwa (i-monotherapy). Kodwa ezimweni eziningi, anikezwa kanye neminye imithi yokulwa namagciwane. Lokhu kwenzelwa ukwandisa ukusebenza kahle kokwelashwa. Kulokhu, abizwa nangokuthi "i-booster".
Yiziphi izimo eziyinhloko eziphathwa ngalo muthi?
Uhlobo lwemithi ebizwa ngokuthi ama-protease inhibitors luvunyelwe ukwelapha izifo ezimbalwa ezithile ezibangelwa amagciwane. Ake sibheke ukuthi ziyini.
| Isimo sezokwelapha | Isetshenziswa kanjani |
|---|---|
| I-HIV/AIDS | Lapho belapha i-HIV, odokotela banikeza le mithi yodwa noma "nge-cocktail" kanye neminye imithi eminingana. Le nhlanganisela yokwelashwa ibizwa ngokuthi ukwelashwa ngama-antiretroviral (ART) . Ngezinye izikhathi isetshenziselwa ukuvimbela ukutheleleka ngemva kokuchayeka egciwaneni (ukuvimbela ukuchayeka ngemva kokuvezwa). |
| I-Hepatitis C | Ama-protease inhibitors asetshenziswa njengengxenye yenhlanganisela yemithi yokulwa namagciwane ukuze kwelashwe ngokuphelele ukutheleleka kwe-hepatitis C. |
| I-COVID 19 | Odokotela batusa inhlanganisela yama-protease inhibitors amabili (isib. i-Paxlovid®) ukunciphisa ingozi yokugula okubi okubangelwa ukutheleleka kwe-COVID-19. |
Lomuthi usebenza kanjani?
Ukuze siqonde lokhu, ake sithathe isibonelo esincane. Cabanga ukuthi igciwane liyifektri eyenza uchungechunge olude lwamaprotheni. Ukuze lisebenzise lolu chungechunge olude emsebenzini, kudingeka lisikwe libe yizicucu ezincane, ezisebenzayo. 'Izikele' ezikhethekile ezisetshenziswa yileli gciwane kulokhu kusika ama-enzyme abizwa ngokuthi 'ama-protease' .
Ngakho-ke, lokho okwenziwa uhlobo lwemithi ebizwa ngokuthi 'ama-Protease Inhibitors' ukuvimba ukusebenza kwalezo 'zikelo'. Kufana nokubuthuntuza isikelo. Khona-ke igciwane alikwazi ukusika izingcezu zeprotheni elizidingayo. Ngenxa yalokho, igciwane alikwazi ukuzenzela amakhophi amasha futhi lithelele amangqamuzana ethu.
Yiziphi izinhlobo ze-protease inhibitors?
Ngenxa yokuthi igciwane ngalinye line-enzyme yalo ye-protease, izinhlobo ezahlukene ze-protease inhibitors zisetshenziswa ukwelapha i-HIV, i-hepatitis C, kanye ne-COVID-19. Kukhona nendlela elula yokuzibona.
- Amagama emithi esetshenziswa ukwelapha i-HIV avame ukuphela ngo -"-navir" .
- Amagama emithi esetshenziselwa i-hepatitis C avame ukuphela ngo -"-previr" .
Izithibi ze-Protease ze-HIV
Lokhu kuvimbela i-enzyme ye-protease ebizwa ngokuthi i-HIV-PR, esetshenziswa yigciwane le-HIV ukuze lizenzele amakhophi alo.
- I-Atazanavir
- I-Darunavir
- I-Fosamprenavir
- I-Indinavir
- I-Lopinavir
- I-Nelfinavir
- I-Ritonavir
- I-Saquinavir
- I-Tipranavir
Ama-protease inhibitors e-hepatitis C
Lokhu kuvimbela i-enzyme ebizwa ngokuthi i-NS3/4A serine protease, esetshenziswa yigciwane le-hepatitis C ukuze lizenzele amakhophi alo.
- I-Boceprevir
- I-Glecaprevir
- I-Grazoprevir
- I-Paritaprevir
- I-Simeprevir
- I-Telaprevir
Izivimbeli ze-Protease ze-COVID-19
I-Paxlovid® iyinhlanganisela yama-protease inhibitors amabili, i-nirmatrelvir kanye ne-ritonavir, asetshenziswa ukwelapha i-COVID-19.
Ngingayikhetha kanjani imithi efanele mina?
Manje ungase uzibuze ukuthi le mithi ingangisiza ngani.Udokotela wakho kuphela onganquma. Uzocabangela izici eziningana lapho ekhetha umuthi ofanele kakhulu kuwe.
- Yiluphi uhlobo oluthile lokutheleleka ngegciwane onalo?
- Impilo yakho iyonke kanye nanoma yiziphi ezinye izimo zezokwelapha ongase ube nazo (isib. isifo sikashukela, isifo senhliziyo).
- Yimiphi eminye imithi oyithathayo njengamanje (njengoba kungase kube nokuxhumana phakathi kwayo).
- Wake wathatha eminye imithi yalesi simo ngaphambilini?
- Impumelelo yomuthi incike ohlotsheni lwegciwane osuthelelekile ngalo.
- Mayelana nemiphumela emibi engaba khona noma izinkinga ezibangelwa umuthi.
Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuchaza ngokucacile yonke imithi oyiphuzayo kanye nanoma yiziphi ezinye izimo zezokwelapha onazo uma uvakashela udokotela wakho. Lokhu kunganciphisa ingozi yemiphumela emibi kakhulu.
Iyini imiphumela emibi kanye nezinzuzo zale mithi?
Njenganoma yimuphi umuthi, ama-protease inhibitors anezinzuzo nemiphumela emibi.
Izinzuzo eziyinhloko
- Njengengxenye yokwelashwa nge-ART kumuntu onegciwane lesandulela ngculazi, kusiza ukugcina inani legciwane lesandulela ngculazi emzimbeni lisezingeni elingabonakali.
- Kusiza ekwelapheni ukutheleleka kwe-hepatitis C.
- Kusiza ekuvimbeleni ukutheleleka kwe-COVID-19 ukuthi kube kubi kakhulu.
Imiphumela emibi engaba khona
Imiphumela emibi incike kumuthi owusebenzisayo, eminye imithi oyithathayo, kanye nesimo sakho sempilo. Kubalulekile ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho ngalokhu futhi uhlale unolwazi.
| Uhlobo lomphumela ongemuhle | Izibonelo |
|---|---|
| Imiphumela emibi evame ukubonwa | |
| Izinkinga ezivamile | Ubuhlungu besisu, isicanucanu nokuhlanza, isifo sohudo |
| Ukuqubuka kwesikhumba | |
| Ukukhwehlela, ukukhathala, ukunambitheka okungajwayelekile emlonyeni | |
| Amatshe ezinso | |
| Izinguquko ekusakazweni kwamafutha emzimbeni (i-lipodystrophy) | |
| Imiphumela emibi kakhulu edinga ukunakekelwa okusheshayo | |
| Izinkinga ezinkulu | Ukulimala kwesibindi, ukopha kwangaphakathi |
| Isifo sesikhumba esibi kakhulu esinamaqhubu abuhlungu naqhumayo (i-Stevens-Johnson syndrome) | |
| Amazinga aphezulu kashukela egazini (i-hyperglycemia), amazinga aphezulu e-cholesterol (i-hyperlipidemia) | |
| Ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo (i-myocardial infarction), izinkinga ngohlelo lukagesi lwenhliziyo | |
Yini engingayenza ukuze ukwelashwa kube lula?
Ngesikhathi uthatha lolu hlobo lokwelashwa, kunezinto eziningana ongazenza ukuze unciphise eminye yemiphumela emibi futhi wenze ukwelashwa kube lula.
- Phuza umuthi wakho njengoba nje udokotela wakho ekuyalele, ngesikhathi esifanele, ngesilinganiso esifanele. Ungayeki umthamo owodwa.
- Phuza amanzi amaningi. Lokhu kunganciphisa umthelela ezinso.
- Gwema ukuthatha eminye imithi engase ihlangane nemithi yakho. Buza udokotela wakho ngalokhu.
- Eminye imithi isebenza kangcono uma ithathwa nokudla . Eminye idinga ukudla okunamafutha. Buza udokotela wakho ukuthi ungayithatha kanjani imithi yakho bese ulandela leso seluleko.
Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela?
Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yimiphi imiphumela emibi engalindelekile ngesikhathi sokwelashwa noma unenkinga mayelana nokwelashwa, xhumana nodokotela wakho ngokushesha.
Ikakhulukazi, uma uhlangabezana nanoma yimiphi imiphumela emibi elandelayo, funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha ngaphandle kokulibala noma uye eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela esiseduze.
- Imfiva
- Ukudideka noma izinguquko zengqondo
- Ukuphuzi kwesikhumba noma amehlo (i-jaundice)
- Ukuqubuka, ubuhlungu, noma ukuqubuka okusabalele
- Ubuhlungu obukhulu besisu
- Ukuhlanza okukhulu
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ama-protease inhibitors ayiqembu elinamandla kakhulu lemithi esetshenziselwa ukwelapha izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane njenge-HIV, i-hepatitis C, kanye ne-COVID-19.
- Lokhu kuvimbela igciwane ukuthi lingaphindaphindeki (lenze amakhophi) emzimbeni.
- Le mithi kufanele ithathwe kuphela ngaphansi kweseluleko sikadokotela . Kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela ngokucophelela umthamo nesikhathi esinconywe udokotela.
- Imiphumela emibi ingenzeka, kusukela ekungakhululeki okuncane kuya ezinkingeni ezinkulu. Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezinkulu, bona udokotela ngokushesha.
- Akufanele uyeke ukuthatha imithi noma ushintshe umthamo ngaphandle kweseluleko sikadokotela nganoma yisiphi isizathu.
💬 Comments (0)
Awekho amazwana athunyelwe okwamanje. Faka amazwana akho lapha okokuqala ngqa.
Engeza amazwana akho