Ingabe ingane yakho ivame ukuba nomphimbo obuhlungu noma i-tonsillitis? Ngezinye izikhathi sicabanga ukuthi umkhuhlane nje ovamile futhi asiwunaki kakhulu. Kodwa uma ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa ingane yakho iqala ukusho izinto ezinjengokuthi "Mama, idolo lami libuhlungu," noma "Umlenze wami uzizwa ungakhululekile," ungamane nje uwulahle. Ngoba, kungaba ukuqala kwesimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-rheumatic fever esikhuluma ngaso namuhla. Lokhu kuyinto okufanele uyiqaphele, ngakho ake sixoxe ngayo ngokuningiliziwe.
Kalula nje, iyini i-rheumatic fever?
Umkhuhlane we-rheumatic yisifo esingavamile sokuzivikela komzimba esibangela ukuthi izicubu nezitho zomzimba zivuvuke. Kalula nje, nansi indlela esebenza ngayo. Cabanga ngesimiso sethu somzimba sokuzivikela njengebutho elivikela izwe. Umsebenzi waleli butho ukuhlonza nokuhlasela abahlaseli bangaphandle (amagciwane, amagciwane) nokusivikela ezifweni.
Manje, ake sithi ingane yakho ine-strep throat noma i-scarlet fever. Zombili lezi zifo zibangelwa uhlobo lwebhaktheriya elibizwa ngokuthi i-Group A Streptococcus. Uma singalaphi kahle ukutheleleka ngama-antibiotic, ibutho lemizimba yethu liyakhathazeka kancane. Ngesikhathi belwa namagciwane, benza iphutha elincane. Babona izicubu zethu ezinempilo bese becabanga ukuthi, "O, nansi isitha," bese beqala ukusihlasela. Kufana nebutho lethu liqhumisa amadolobha ethu ngamabhomu.
Ukusabela okungalungile kwalesi simiso sokuzivikela komzimba kubangela ukuvuvukala emalungeni engane, enhliziyweni, emithanjeni yegazi, esikhumbeni nasebuchosheni . Lesi simo sibizwa ngokuthi i-rheumatic fever.
Into ebalulekile ukuthi umkhuhlane wamathambo awusona isifo somphimbo. Kuyinkinga engavamile kodwa engathi sína yokutheleleka komphimbo okungelashwa.
Ziyini izimpawu zomkhuhlane wamathambo enganeni?
Izimpawu zomkhuhlane wamathambo zingahluka kuye ngengane. Ngezinye izikhathi ukutheleleka komphimbo wengane kuncane kangangokuthi ungase ungakuboni nokukubona. Izimpawu zomkhuhlane wamathambo zivame ukuvela ngemva kwamasonto amabili kuya kwamathathu. Lezi zimpawu zingafana nezinye izifo ezivamile, ngakho ngezinye izikhathi singadukiswa. Kodwa kubalulekile ukuqaphela lokhu.
Ake sibone ukuthi yiziphi izimpawu eziyinhloko ezikuthebula elingezansi.
| Isibonakaliso | Incazelo nezinto okufanele uziqaphele |
|---|---|
| Ukuvuvukala nobuhlungu bamalunga (i-Arthritis) | Lolu uphawu oluvame kakhulu. Amalunga amakhulu engane, njengamadolo, amaqakala, izindololwane, nezihlakala, abomvu, avuvuke futhi abe buhlungu. Ubuhlungu buvame 'ukugxuma' busuka kwelinye ilungu liye kwelinye. Uma idolo libuhlungu namuhla, iqakala lingase libe buhlungu kusasa. |
| I-carditis | Lolu uphawu olubi kakhulu lomkhuhlane wamathambo. Lungabangela ubuhlungu besifuba, ukuphelelwa umoya, kanye nomuzwa wokuthi inhliziyo ishaya ngokushesha. Ngezinye izikhathi, lapho udokotela efaka i-stethoscope esifubeni sengane, ingase izwe umsindo ongavamile (ukububula). |
| Ukunyakaza okungalawulwa (i-Chorea) | Lokhu kuyimpawu engavamile. Izingalo, imilenze, kanye nemisipha yobuso yengane kuyanyakaza ngokungalawuleki, njengokungathi kuyadansa. Ingane ayikwazi ukwenza izinto ezifana nokubhala, ukudla, noma ukunamathisela izinkinobho zezingubo zayo. Lokhu kubangelwa ukulimala kobuchopho. |
| Amaqhubu ngaphansi kwesikhumba (Amaqhubu) | Amaqhubu amancane, angenabuhlungu abukeka njengamathambo angavela ngaphansi kwesikhumba eduze kwamalunga afana nezindololwane, amadolo, kanye nezihlakala zengane. Lokhu kuvame ukuphela emavikini ambalwa. |
| Ubomvu besikhumba | Ezinye izingane ziba namaqhubu abomvu, ayindilinga, acacile emizimbeni yazo, ikakhulukazi esifubeni, esiswini nasemhlane. Lokhu akuvamile ukukhwehlela. |
| Ezinye izici ezivamile | Ngaphezu kwalezi zimpawu eziyinhloko, ungase ube nomkhuhlane, ukukhathala okukhulu, izinhlungu zomzimba, ikhanda elibuhlungu, kanye nokuvuvukala kwamathonsi abomvu . |
Ubani osengozini enkulu yokuthola lesi sifo?
Nakuba noma ubani angaba nomkhuhlane wamathambo, abanye abantu basengozini enkulu.
- Ubudala: Lesi sifo sithinta kakhulu izingane kanye nabantu abadala abasebasha abaneminyaka ephakathi kwemi-5 neyi-15. Akuvamile kakhulu ukuthi abantu abangaphansi kweminyaka emi-5 nangaphezulu kweminyaka eyi-15 babe naso.
- Indawo yokuhlala: Ingozi iphezulu ezindaweni lapho abantu abaningi bebuthana khona (isibonelo, ezikoleni, ezinkulisa, emakhaya agcwele abantu) ngoba amagciwane asakazeka kalula.
- Umlando womndeni: Uma othile emndenini eke waba nomkhuhlane wamathambo, abanye bangase babe nawo.
- Ukutheleleka komphimbo okuvamile: Uma ingane inezifo zomphimbo ezihambisana nokuvuvukala kwemithambo yegazi, ingozi yokuba nomkhuhlane wamathambo iyanda.
- Izikhungo zezempilo: Izingane ezihlala ezindaweni ezikude lapho kunzima ukufinyelela khona izikhungo zezokwelapha zisengozini enkulu njengoba zingase zingatholi ukwelashwa ngesikhathi esifanele ngenxa yokutheleleka komphimbo.
Kuyiqiniso yini ukuthi umkhuhlane wamathambo uthinta inhliziyo?
Yebo, lokhu kuyinto eyesabekayo nekhathazayo kakhulu uma sikhuluma ngomkhuhlane wamathambo. Umkhuhlane wamathambo awuthinti inhliziyo ngaso sonke isikhathi. Kodwa uma kwenzeka, ungalimaza izicubu zenhliziyo, ikakhulukazi ama-valve enhliziyo .
Cabanga ngama-valve enhliziyo njengeminyango ezinhliziyweni zethu. Umsebenzi wawo ukuvumela igazi ligeleze ohlangothini olulodwa kuphela futhi livimbele ukuthi ligeleze libuye. Umkhuhlane we-rheumatic ungabangela ukwakheka kwezicubu zezibazi kula ma-valve, okubangela ukuba angavaleki kahle noma angavuli kahle. Lokhu kungaphazamisa ukusebenza kwenhliziyo.
Lesi simo sibizwa ngokuthi yi-Rheumatic Heart Disease . Into eyingozi kakhulu ukuthi izimpawu zalesi sifo senhliziyo zingavela eminyakeni eyi-10-20 ngemuva kokuqala komkhuhlane wamathambo.
Yingakho ukuqapha isikhathi eside kwezokwelapha kubaluleke kakhulu enganeni enomkhuhlane wamathambo. Lokhu kuvumela ukutholakala kusenesikhathi komonakalo wenhliziyo nokwelashwa.
Udokotela usithola kanjani lesi sifo?
Uma ingane yakho ibuhlungu umphimbo isikhathi esingaphezu kwezinsuku ezimbili noma ezintathu, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela. Ukwelapha ukutheleleka kwe-strep kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokuvimbela umkhuhlane wamathambo.
Uma udokotela ehlola ingane yakho futhi esola ukuthi inomkhuhlane wamathambo, uzokwenza izivivinyo eziningana, ezifana nalezi:
1. I-throat Swab: Kuthathwa isampula encane yomphimbo ukuze kuhlolwe ukuthi ikhona yini i-`Group A Streptococcus` bacteria. Lokhu kungenziwa njenge-`Rapid Strep Test` enikeza imiphumela ngemizuzu eyi-10, noma ingathunyelwa ukuze kuhlolwe i-`throat Culture` ethatha izinsuku eziningana.
2. Ukuhlolwa Kwegazi:Igazi lengane lingahlolwa ukuze kutholakale ama-antibodies alwa namagciwane e-Strep. Bangahlola futhi amazinga ezinto ezifana ne-CRP kanye ne-ESR, okubonisa ukuthi kukhona yini ukuvuvukala emzimbeni.
3. Ukuhlolwa Kwenhliziyo: Lokhu kuhlolwa kubaluleke kakhulu ukuze kutholakale ukuthi inhliziyo ithintekile yini.
- I-EKG (i-Electrocardiogram): Ukuhlolwa okubheka ukusebenza kukagesi kwenhliziyo.
- I-Echocardiogram (Echo): Njengokuskena, lokhu kungabona ngokucacile ukuthi ama-valve nemisipha yenhliziyo isebenza kanjani.
Imigomo kaJones
Odokotela basebenzisa isethi ekhethekile yeziqondiso ezibizwa ngokuthi "izindlela zikaJones" ukuxilonga umkhuhlane wamathambo. Lokhu kufana nohlelo lokuhlola amaphuzu. Ukuze kuqinisekiswe lesi sifo, ingane kumele okungenani ibe nezindlela ezimbili ezibalulekile ezingezansi, noma enye indlela enkulu kanye nezindlela ezimbili ezincane, kanye nobufakazi bokutheleleka kwe-strep ngaphambilini.
| Izindlela Eziyinhloko Zokusebenza | Izindlela Ezincane Zokusebenza |
|---|---|
| Ukuvuvukala kwamalunga amaningana (i-Arthritis) | Imfiva |
| I-carditis | Amazinga aphezulu e-ESR noma e-CRP egazini |
| Amaqhubu ngaphansi kwesikhumba (Amaqhubu) | Ubuhlungu bamalunga (i-Arthralgia) |
| Ukunyakaza okungalawulwa (i-Chorea) | Izinguquko ekuhlolweni kwe-EKG |
| I-Erythema marginatum (ukuqhuma kwesikhumba) | Uke waba nomkhuhlane wamathambo noma isifo senhliziyo samathambo ngaphambili |
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha umkhuhlane we-rheumatic?
Kunemigomo eminingana eyinhloko lapho welapha umkhuhlane wamathambo.
1. Ukuqeda ukutheleleka ngamagciwane: Isinyathelo sokuqala ukuqeda ngokuphelele amagciwane e-Strep abangela umkhuhlane wamathambo emzimbeni. Ngenxa yalokhu, udokotela uzokunikeza imithi elwa namagciwane . Lokhu kungaba umjovo wesikhathi esisodwa noma inkambo yezinsuku eziyi-10 yama-antibiotic. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthatha yonke imithi, noma ngabe ingane izizwa ingcono. Ngaphandle kwalokho, ukutheleleka kungabuya.
2. Ukulawula ukuvuvukala: Kunikezwa imithi yokulwa nokuvuvukala ukuze kuncishiswe ukuvuvukala nobuhlungu emzimbeni. Le mithi iyasiza kakhulu ezinhlungwini zamalunga. Uma izimpawu zinzima, ikakhulukazi uma inhliziyo ithintekile, imithi enamandla njenge-'Corticosteroids' nayo inganikezwa.
3. Ukuvimbela ukuphindaphinda: Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu. Uma ingane ike yaba nomkhuhlane wamathambo kanye, kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi iphinde ithole umkhuhlane wamathambo uma iphinda ithola ukutheleleka nge-strep. Ukuze kuvinjelwe lokhu, udokotela angase afake ingane enkambisweni yesikhathi eside yama-antibiotic . Lokhu kungaba umjovo we-penicillin wanyanga zonke. Lokhu kwelashwa kungadinga ukuqhubeka iminyaka eminingi, ngezinye izikhathi kuze kube yilapho ingane isikhulile.
Sizivikela kanjani izingane zethu kulesi sifo?
Indlela engcono kakhulu newukuphela kwayo yokuvimbela umkhuhlane wamathambo ukuxilonga nokwelapha umphimbo obuhlungu kanye nomkhuhlane obomvu ngokushesha nangendlela efanele.
- Ungawushayi indiva umphimbo obuhlungu: Uma ingane inomphimbo obuhlungu izinsuku ezingaphezu kwezintathu, inenkinga yokugwinya, inama-lymph node avuvukele entanyeni, noma inomkhuhlane, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela.
- Nikeza ama-antibiotic njengoba nje uyalelwe: Nikeza umuthi njengoba uyalelwe udokotela isikhathi sonke. Ungayeki ukuwuthatha phakathi nendawo, uthi ingane yakho izoba ngcono ezinsukwini ezimbili.
- Imikhuba emihle yokuhlanzeka:
- Fundisa ingane yakho ukugeza izandla zayo kahle ngensipho njalo.
- Bafundise ukuvala umlomo nekhala labo ngethishu noma ngendololwane yabo lapho bekhwehlela noma bethimula.
- Qiniseka ukuthi abanye abantu abasebenzisi amapuleti, izinkomishi, nezipuni zengane yakho.
Ngokunakekela lezi zinto, ungenza lukhulu ekuvikeleni ingane yakho esimweni esibucayi njenge-rheumatic fever.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Uma umphimbo wengane yakho ubuhlungu isikhathi esingaphezu kwezinsuku ezimbili noma ezintathu, uhambisana nezimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane, ukulahlekelwa yisifiso sokudla, noma iqhubu entanyeni, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela.
- Umkhuhlane we-rheumatic uvela ngenxa yokutheleleka kwebhaktheriya i-Strep okungalashwanga.
- Lesi sifo singadala umonakalo wesikhathi eside enhliziyweni yengane, emalungeni, kanye nasesimisweni sezinzwa, ngakho-ke ukuxilongwa nokwelashwa kusenesikhathi kubaluleke kakhulu.
- Nika ingane yakho ama-antibiotic anikezwe udokotela isikhathi sonke. Ungayeki ukuwathatha ngisho noma izimpawu ziphela.
- Ingane ebinesifo samathambo ingadinga ukuthatha ama-antibiotic isikhathi eside ukuze ingabuyi. Landela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho ngokucophelela.
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