Uzizwa sengathi amaphaphu akho angaphansi kwengcindezi enkulu? Ake sixoxe nge-Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension (CTEPH)!

Ingabe ngezinye izikhathi uzizwa uphelelwa umoya, noma umuzwa ongajwayelekile esifubeni sakho? Kungenzeka ukuthi ingcindezi engaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi emaphashini akho iphakeme kancane. Lesi yisimo esikhethekile esibizwa ngokuthi `(Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension)` noma `(CTEPH)`. Ungakhathazeki, sizoxoxa ngalokhu kalula, ngendlela ongayiqonda.

Kuyini lokhu `(CTEPH)`? Ake siqonde kahle!

Kalula nje, i-CTEPH ukwanda okungavamile komfutho wegazi ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi emincane emaphashini. Kufana nokucindezela ngaphakathi kwepayipi lamanzi. Kodwa isizathu esiyinhloko salokhu ukuthi uke waba ne-blood clot emaphashini akho ngaphambili (lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi i-Pulmonary Embolism) futhi i-clot ayincibiliki kahle . Yilapho-ke lokhu kucindezela kukhula khona.

Ubani onamathuba amaningi okuthuthukisa i-CTEPH?

Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu. I-CTEPH yenzeka kuphela kubantu abanomlando we-pulmonary embolism . Uma unengcindezi ephezulu emaphashini akho kodwa ungenawo amahlule egazi, kungase kungabi yi-CTEPH, kodwa isimo esihlukile. Ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuqonda lo mehluko.

Sivame kangakanani lesi simo?

I-CTEPH empeleni iyisimo esingavamile . Isibonelo, ezweni elifana ne-United States, kubikwa amacala amasha angaba ngu-5,000 kuphela minyaka yonke. Kodwa-ke, njengoba ngezinye izikhathi kungatholakali kahle, inani lingase libe phezulu kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela izimpawu.

Uhlobo luni lomthelela i-CTEPH engaba nawo empilweni yakho?

Uma ingcindezi emaphashini akho ikhula, ikakhulukazi uma kwenzeka i-CTEPH, uhlangothi lwesokudla lwenhliziyo yakho luzwa ingcindezi enkulu . Cabanga nje, inhliziyo yakho kufanele isebenze kanzima ukupompa igazi emaphashini akho. Okwenzekayo ukuthi elinye igazi elingenawo umoya-mpilo liyabhajwa enhliziyweni yakho futhi lithathe isikhathi eside ukufika emaphashini akho. Lokhu kungabangela umzimba wakho ukuba ube namazinga aphansi omoya-mpilo. Lesi yisimo esibi kakhulu, akunjalo?

Kungani lokhu `(CTEPH)` kuvela? Ziyini izimbangela?

Isizathu esiyinhloko salokhu ukuthi amahlule egazi akhiwa emithanjeni yegazi emincane emaphashini awancibiliki kahle. Uma lokhu kwenzeka , izicubu ezifana nezibazi zakha lapho kwakukhona amahlule. Lokhu kubanga kubangela ukuthi imithambo yegazi inciphe, njengepayipi lamanzi elivalekile. Njengoba lokhu kuncipha kwanda, ingcindezi nayo iyanda.

Yiziphi izici eziyingozi zokuthuthukisa i-CTEPH?

Kunezici ezithile eziyingozi ezingaba nomthelela ekuthuthukisweni kwe-`(CTEPH). Ake sibheke ukuthi ziyini:

• Ukuba nohlobo lwegazi olungelona uhlobo O.
• Ukuba nokutheleleka emathanjeni (i-Osteomyelitis).
• Ezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza.
• Izifo zamathumbu ezingamahlalakhona, isibonelo, izimo ezifana `(Isifo Samathumbu Esivuvukalayo)`.
• Ukuba ngowesifazane. (Abesifazane banamathuba amaningi kunabesilisa okuthola lesi simo.)
• Ukutheleleka kwezicubu zenhliziyo ngenxa ye-pacemaker.
• Wena noma othile emndenini wakho unomlando wezinkinga zokujiya kwegazi, njenge-Antiphospholipid Syndrome.
• Njengoba ngike ngasuswa ubende ngaphambilini (i-Splenectomy).
• Ukuthatha ukwelashwa kokufaka esikhundleni sama-hormone e-thyroid.

Akuzona zonke lezi zinto ezithinta wonke umuntu, kodwa zibonwe njengezici eziyingozi.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-`(CTEPH)`?

Umuntu one-CTEPH angase abe nezimpawu ezifana nalezi:

• Ukuzwa ubuhlungu besifuba noma ukuqina .
• Ukukhwehlela igazi (lokhu kuyinto engavamile).
• Ukushintsha kombala okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kweminwe nezinzwane (i-Cyanosis).
• Ukuzizwa unesizungu .
• I-Syncope.
• Ukuzizwa ukhathele kakhulu (`Ukukhathala`) .
• Uma uzizwa sengathi isifuba sakho siyashaya, lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi "Ukushaya Kwenhliziyo Okubuhlungu".
• Ubunzima bokuphefumula , ikakhulukazi lapho wenza okuthile noma uhamba.
• Ukuvuvukala kwemilenze, okubangelwa ukunqwabelana kwamanzi emzimbeni (i-edema).

Ungacabangi ukuthi une-CTEPH ngoba nje unesinye noma ezimbili zalezi zimpawu. Kodwa uma lezi zimpawu ziqhubeka, kungcono ukubona udokotela.

Lesi sifo `(CTEPH)` sitholakala kanjani?

Uma ubona udokotela, angase aqale enze izivivinyo ezithile ukuze ahlole i-CTEPH, njengokuthi:

• Ukuhlolwa okubheka ukuphefumula kanye nokunikezwa kwegazi emaphashini (`(Iskeni yokuphefumula kwamaphaphu - iskeni ye-V/Q)`).
• I-"Pulmonary Angiogram" ukuhlolwa okuhlola amahlule egazi noma ukuncipha kwemithambo yegazi yamaphaphu.
• Ukuhlolwa Kokusebenza Kwamaphaphu.
• I-Transthoracic Echocardiogram (TTE) ifana nokuskena kwenhliziyo nge-ultrasound.

Ngemva kwalezi zivivinyo zokuqala, kungase kudingeke ezinye izivivinyo ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa kwe-CTEPH nokunquma ubukhali bayo. Lokhu kungafaka:

• I-Catheterization Yenhliziyo Efanele ukuhlolwa okulinganisa ingcindezi ngokufaka ipayipi elincane ohlangothini lwesokudla lwenhliziyo.
• Hlola imithambo yegazi emaphashini usebenzisa amasu athuthukisiwe okuthwebula izithombe njenge-CT Pulmonary Angiography (CTPA) noma i-Digital Subtraction Angiography.
• Ukuskena kwe-MRI.
• "Isivivinyo Sokucindezeleka Kokuzivocavoca" esihlola ukusebenza kwenhliziyo ngesikhathi sokuzivocavoca.

Lezi zivivinyo yizo ezivumela odokotela ukuthi banqume ukuthi une-CTEPH nokuthi usesigabeni esingakanani.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha `(CTEPH)`?

Ukwelashwa kwe-CTEPH kuvame ukuhilela ukuhlinzwa noma inqubo efanayo. Kunezinketho ezimbili eziyinhloko:

1. Ukuhlinzwa Kwe-Endarter Yemiphunga : Lena inqubo yokuhlinzwa evulekile. Kule nqubo, amahlule egazi amadala kanye nezicubu zesibazi ezinamathele ngaphakathi kwemithambo yamaphaphu ziyasuswa ngokuhlinzwa. Lokhu kwenziwa ukuze kuzanywe ukubuyisela ukugeleza kwegazi emaphashini.

2. ``(I-Pulmonary Balloon Angioplasty)``: Kulokhu, ibhaluni elincane linamathiselwa ekugcineni kwepayipi elide (i-catheter), elidluliselwa emthanjeni wegazi oncishisiwe emaphashini. Ibhaluni liyafuthwa ukuze lisunduze izicubu zesilonda eceleni, likhulise umthambo wegazi futhi.

Ukukhetha enye yalezi zindlela ezimbili kusekelwe ezintweni eziningi, njengesimo sesiguli kanye nendawo lapho igazi liqhekeke khona.

Zikhona yini ezinye izindlela zokwelapha?

Yebo, abanye abantu bangase bangakwazi ukwenza lokhu kuhlinzwa. Kulabo bantu, noma kulabo abaqhubeka nokucindezeleka emaphashini abo ngemva kokuhlinzwa, iphilisi elibizwa ngokuthi `(Riociguat)` linganikezwa. Lona umuthi onikezwa umfutho wegazi ophezulu emaphashini. Lokhu kusiza ekunciphiseni izimpawu.

Ingabe i-CTEPH ingavinjelwa?

I-CTEPH iyinkinga yezinye izimo eziningi zempilo. Ezinye izinto esingenakuzilawula. Kodwa into ebaluleke kakhulu ongayenza ukunakekela amaphaphu akho kahle . Lokho kusho ukuthi ukuyeka ukubhema uma ubhema futhi uhlala kude nogwayi kubaluleke kakhulu.

Iyini inhloso yeziguli ezine-CTEPH?

Lezi izindaba ezinhle kakhulu! Ukuhlinzwa kwe-Pulmonary Endarterectomy kanye ne-Pulmonary Balloon Angioplasty kungayelapha ngokuphelele i-CTEPH . Abantu abaningi abenza lokhu kwelashwa bathola imiphumela emihle kakhulu.

Kodwa-ke, naphezu kwale miphumela emihle, ezinye iziguli zingase zithole izinga elithile lokucindezeleka kwengqondo, ukukhathazeka, kanye nokucindezeleka. Lokhu kungaba yiqiniso ikakhulukazi kulabo abangafaneleki ukwelashwa okwelaphayo okukhulunywe ngakho ngenhla. Uma ubhekene nanoma yikuphi kwalokhu kucindezeleka kwengqondo, khuluma nodokotela wakho. Bangalalela ukukhathazeka kwakho futhi bancome ukwelashwa okuzokusiza uzizwe ungcono.

Yiziphi izinto ezibalulekile okufanele uzazi uma uhlala no-`(CTEPH)`?

• Cishe kuzodingeka uthathe imithi yokunciphisa igazi impilo yakho yonke .
• Uma uthatha imithi efana ne-Warfarin, kungadingeka ukuthi unciphise ukudla okuthile (njenge-soy ne-broccoli, okucebile nge-vitamin K). Buza udokotela wakho ngalokhu.
• Ukuzivocavoca okulula , njengokuhamba, kungasiza abantu abaningi ukuthi bathole amandla futhi bahlale bephilile. Udokotela wakho angase futhi ancome uhlelo lokuzivocavoca oluqondisiwe (ukuvuselelwa kwamaphaphu).

Ekugcineni, khumbula lokhu.

I-Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension (CTEPH) yisimo esingavamile lapho umfutho wegazi emithanjeni yegazi yamaphaphu ukhuphuka khona, kodwa kuyisifo esingelapheka uma sitholakala kusenesikhathi futhi selashwa ngendlela efanele . Uma unezinye zalezi zimpawu, ungangabazi ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha. Khumbula, ngokwelashwa okufanele, abantu abaningi bangalulama kahle. Ngakho ungesabi. Landela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho ngokucophelela, futhi uzokwazi ukululama ngokushesha!

'I-CTEPH, Umfutho wegazi ophezulu wamaphaphu, Amahlule egazi, Ubunzima bokuphefumula, Isifo senhliziyo, i-Pulmonary Embolism, Umfutho wegazi ophezulu wamaphaphu