Ngisho nangemva kokusebenzisa zonke izinhlobo ezintathu zemithi, umfutho wegazi awukanciphi. Ake sixoxe nge-Resistant Hypertension.

Ingabe ungumuntu onomfutho wegazi ophakeme, noma njengoba sonke sazi, uthatha imithi "yokucindezela"? Uthatha yonke imithi oyinikezwe udokotela ngesikhathi, futhi ulawula ukudla kwakho nokuphuza kwakho, kodwa njalo uma uhlola umfutho wegazi wakho ekhaya, uhlala ungaphezu kuka-140/90. Ingabe uyazibuza ukuthi kungani lokhu kwenzeka? Mhlawumbe unakho esikukhulumayo namuhla, okubizwa ngokuthi 'umfutho wegazi ophakeme ongapheli' noma umfutho wegazi ophakeme ongapheli . Ungakhathazeki, sizoxoxa ngakho konke ngamagama alula.

Kuyini ngempela i-Resistant Hypertension?

Kalula nje, lesi yisimo lapho umfutho wegazi wakho ophezulu "umelana kakhulu" nokwelashwa. Ngokwezokwelapha, uma umfutho wegazi wakho uhlala ungaphezu kuka -140/90 mmHg naphezu kokuba udokotela wakho ekunika imithi emithathu noma ngaphezulu yokulawula umfutho wegazi wakho ophezulu, ngesilinganiso esiphezulu, khona-ke leso simo sibizwa ngokuthi i-Resistant Hypertension.

Lezi zinhlobo ezintathu zemithi ngokuvamile zifaka:

• Uhlobo lokukhipha isisu: Lawa yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi 'amaphilisi amanzi.' Asebenza ngokukhipha amanzi engeziwe nosawoti emzimbeni ngomchamo.
• Uhlobo lokuvimba imisele ye-calcium: Lokhu kuphumuza imithambo yegazi futhi kusiza ukugeleza kwegazi.
• I-ACE inhibitor noma i-ARB: Yomibili le mithi (i-Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme inhibitor / i-Angiotensin II Receptor Blocker) isebenza ngokuthinta imithambo yegazi nokwehlisa umfutho wegazi.

Uma ungakwazi ukulawula umfutho wegazi lakho ngemva kwezinyanga eziyisithupha uthatha yonke le mithi emithathu ngemithamo ephezulu, udokotela wakho angase asole ukuthi une-hypertension engazweli.

Sivame kangakanani lesi simo?

Umfutho wegazi ophakeme uyinkinga evamile kakhulu eSri Lanka kanye nasemhlabeni jikelele. Izifundo zithole ukuthi cishe abantu abayi-10% kuya kwabayi-12% abanomfutho wegazi ophakeme bangaba nalesi simo esibizwa ngokuthi i-Resistant Hypertension. Lokhu kusho ukuthi lesi akusona isimo esingavamile.

Yiziphi izimpawu ze-Resistant Hypertension?

Into eyingozi kakhulu lapha ukuthi umfutho wegazi ophakeme "ungumbulali othule." Abantu abaningi ababonisi zimpawu. Abanye abantu abazi nokuthi banomfutho wegazi ophakeme iminyaka eminingi. Kodwa uma ungelashwa, ungabangela umonakalo omkhulu emzimbeni.

Kodwa-ke, abanye abantu bangase babe nezimpawu ezilandelayo:

• Ikhanda elibuhlungu
• Ukuqina kwesifuba noma ingcindezi
• Ubunzima bokuphefumula

Kungani ingcindezi ingalawulwa ngale ndlela? Yiziphi izizathu?

Kunezizathu eziningana zalokhu. Ake sizihlukanise zibe izingxenye.

Ubani osengozini enkulu yokuthola umfutho wegazi ophakeme omelana nokumelana?

Abantu abalandelayo basengozini enkulu kancane yokuthola lesi simo:

• Kulabo abanesifo sezinso esingamahlalakhona
• Kulabo abanesifo sikashukela
• Kulabo abadabuka e-Afrika-America
• Kwabesifazane (uma kuqhathaniswa nabesilisa)

Yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona ngenxa yalesi simo?

Umuntu onomfutho wegazi ophakeme omelana nokumelana nalesi simo, okunzima ukuwulawula ngale ndlela, usengozini enkulu kakhulu yalokhu okulandelayo kunomuntu omfutho wegazi wakhe ulawulwa ngemithi.

• Isifo sohlangothi
• Isifo Sezinso
• Isifo senhliziyo kanye nokwehluleka kwenhliziyo

Ngakho-ke, akukuhle ukuthatha lesi simo kalula.

Udokotela uhlonza kanjani lokhu?

Ukuze anqume kahle ukuthi une-hypertension engamelani nomfutho wegazi, udokotela wakho uzobheka izici eziningana.

1. Buza ngomlando wakho wezokwelapha kanye nendlela yakho yokuphila.

Udokotela angase akubuze imibuzo efana nale:

• "Sekuyisikhathi esingakanani unengcindezi?"
• "Wenzani uma uhlola umfutho wegazi lakho ekhaya? Ingabe usebenzisa umshini ngendlela efanele?"
• "Yimiphi imithi oyithathayo njengamanje? (kufaka phakathi amavithamini kanye nemithi yamakhambi). Ingabe uthatha imithi yakho njengoba uyalelwe udokotela wakho, ngesikhathi, kanye nangesilinganiso esibekiwe?"
• "Usebenzisa utshwala noma ugwayi?"
• "Ingabe uyahona ebuthongweni bakho? Uzizwa sengathi uyacinana?"

2. Ukwenza ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba

Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa, udokotela uzobheka okulandelayo ngqo:

• Ukuhlolwa kwamehlo: Lokhu kuhlola umonakalo emithanjeni yegazi esweni ngenxa yomfutho wegazi ophezulu. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi 'i-Hypertensive Retinopathy'.
• Ukulalela imithambo yegazi emikhulu: Ukulalela umsindo wegazi elidlula emithanjeni yegazi emikhulu (isib., entanyeni noma ezinso) ukuze ubone ukuthi kukhona yini umsindo ongajwayelekile (`bruit`). Lokhu kunganikeza umbono wokuthi imithambo yegazi imincane yini.

3. Ukuhlolwa kwelebhu kanye nokunye

• Ukuhlolwa komchamo:Hlola ukuthi amaprotheni akhona yini emchameni.
• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi: Hlola ukusebenza kwezinso (i-Creatinine), amazinga kashukela (i-glucose), kanye nama-electrolyte afana ne-sodium ne-potassium.
• Ukuhlolwa kwama-hormone: Hlola izinkinga ngokusebenza kwezindlala ze-adrenal noma ze-thyroid.
• Ukuskena: Ukuskena kwe-Ultrasound kanye ne-CT kungenziwa ukuhlola isimo sezinso kanye nezindlala ze-adrenal.
• Ucwaningo Lokulala: Uma usola ukuthi une-sleep apnea, ungathunyelwa ocwaningweni olukhethekile lokulala.

Kuphathwa kanjani lokhu?

Ungakhathazeki. Kukhona ukwelashwa kwalokhu. Kunezingxenye ezimbili eziyinhloko.

1. Izinguquko zendlela yokuphila

Lezi yizinto ezibaluleke kakhulu ongazenza. Akusizi ngalutho ukuphuza umuthi nje ungazenzi lezi zinto.

• Ukulawula usawoti: Nciphisa usawoti owudlayo ube ngamamiligremu angu-2,400 (ngaphansi kwethisipuni) ngosuku. Yeka ukuletha usawoti etafuleni. Nciphisa ukudla okucutshunguliwe nokupakishwe kahle.
• Ukunciphisa utshwala.
• Iziqeda-zinhlungu: Ungathathi imithi efana ne-Ibuprofen ne-Diclofenac ngaphandle kokubonisana nodokotela wakho. Uma kudingeka, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngomuthi ofana ne-Paracetamol.
• Ukuzivocavoca: Yenza ukuzivocavoca okuthile, njengokuhamba ngezinyawo noma ukugibela ibhayisikili, okungenani imizuzu engama-30 ngosuku, izinsuku eziningana ngesonto.

2. Ukusebenzisa imithi ngendlela efanele

Yilapho abantu abaningi bephambuka khona.

Ukuze umuthi usebenze, kumele uthathwe nsuku zonke, ngesikhathi esifanele, futhi ngomthamo ofanele . Abanye abantu banenkinga yokuthatha umuthi wabo ngenxa yemiphumela emibi (isib. isiyezi, ukukhwehlela). Uma unenkinga enjalo, tshela udokotela wakho. Angabe esekunikeza umuthi ohlukile. Ungalokothi uyeke ukuthatha umuthi wakho noma ushintshe umthamo ngaphandle kokubuza udokotela wakho.

Uma umfutho wegazi lakho ungalawulwa ngisho nangemva kokuthatha umuthi wakho ngendlela efanele, udokotela wakho angase angeze umuthi wesine noma wesihlanu. Isibonelo, umuthi wokukhipha isisu obizwa ngokuthi i-Spironolactone noma i -beta-blocker .

Kufanele uye nini esibhedlela (ETU) ngokushesha?

Ngezinye izikhathi umfutho wegazi ungaphakama kakhulu ngokuzumayo. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi yi-hypertension crisis . Lesi yisimo esidinga ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo.

Uma umfutho wegazi lakho uphakeme kuno -180/120 mmHg futhi unezimpawu ezilandelayo, hamba uye egumbini lezimo eziphuthumayo esibhedlela esiseduze ngokushesha:Iya ku- (ETU - Iyunithi Yokwelapha Eziphuthumayo) .

• Ikhanda elibuhlungu kakhulu
• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo (ukuzwa sengathi inhliziyo yakho ishaya ngokushesha)
• Isiyezi
• Ubunzima bokuphefumula

Imibuzo okufanele uyibuze udokotela wakho

Kubalulekile ukuqonda kahle isimo sakho. Ungangabazi ukubuza le mibuzo ngesikhathi esizayo lapho ubona udokotela wakho.

• "Dokotela, ingabe kudingeka ngishintshe imithi yami?"
• "Yimuphi umuthi ohlanganisiwe ongcono kakhulu kimi?"
• "Kufanele ngihlole umfutho wegazi lami kangaki ekhaya?"
• "Ngizophinde ngize nini kudokotela?"

Kuvamile ukuzizwa ukhungathekile uma usuphuze imithi eminingi kodwa ungakaboni ntuthuko. Kodwa-ke, into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukukhuluma ngokukhululekile nodokotela wakho futhi uthole izixazululo zezinkinga zakho.