Sonke siyazi ngezitho ezibalulekile emzimbeni wethu njengenhliziyo, amaphaphu nezinso. Kodwa uma uzwa igama elithi "ubende," ungase ungabi namqondo omningi. Kodwa lesi isitho esincane esenza umsebenzi obaluleke kakhulu emzimbeni wethu buthule. Kodwa-ke, noma iyiphi ingozi kuso ingaba usongo olukhulu empilweni. Namuhla sikhuluma ngobende oqhumile.
Kalula nje, iyini le spleen?
I-spleen itholakala ohlangothini olungaphezulu kwesobunxele lwesisu sakho, ngaphansi nje kwekheji lakho lezimbambo. Yisitho esincane kakhulu esingangesibhakela sakho. Umsebenzi waso oyinhloko ukugcina nokuhlunga igazi. Igcina cishe amaseli abomvu egazi nama-platelet emzimbeni wethu nganoma yisiphi isikhathi. Iphinde isize ekwakheni amaseli amhlophe egazi alwa nezifo.
Cabanga ngakho njengesihlungi esihlanza igazi. Ingxenye ethambile ngaphakathi kwe-spleen eyenza lo msebenzi imbozwe ungqimba oluncane lwemisipha. Kodwa ngenxa yokuthi ithambile kakhulu, ingalimala kalula ngisho nangengozi encane kakhulu.
Ngakho-ke kuyini ukuqhekeka kwe-splenic?
Uma, ngenxa yengozi noma esinye isizathu, isembozo esincane esizungeze i-spleen sidabuka, sikubiza ngokuthi ukuqhekeka kwe-spleen. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, inani elikhulu legazi ngaphakathi kwe-spleen liqala ukuvuza esiswini. Lesi yisimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha esingabangela ukopha kwangaphakathi okuyingozi kakhulu , okusongela ngisho nokuphila. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukwazi ngalokhu nokuthola ukwelashwa ngokushesha okukhulu.
Yini ebangela ukuqhekeka kwe-spleen?
Ezimweni eziningi, imbangela eyinhloko yokuqhuma kwe-spleen ukulimala okukhulu kwangaphandle.
- Izingozi zezimoto: Kulezi, u-50% - 75% ubangelwa izingozi zezimoto.
- Izingozi zemidlalo: Le ngozi iphezulu kakhulu emidlalweni yokuxhumana efana ne-rugby kanye nebhola.
- Ukuhlasela: Ukukhahlela, ukugwaza, noma ukudubula esiswini ngesandla esiqinile.
- Ukuwa: Njengokuwa usuka endaweni ephakeme.
Ngezinye izikhathi udengezi lungaqhuma ngokushesha ngemva kwengozi. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi, udengezi lungaqhuma ngemva kwengozi futhi luqhume ngisho nangemva kwamahora.
Ingabe udende lungaqhuma ngaphandle kwengozi?
Yebo, akuvamile kakhulu, kodwa kungenzeka. Kubizwa ngokuthi ukuqhekeka kwe-splenic okungahleliwe . Lokhu kwenzeka lapho i-spleen ikhula, ivuvukala, futhi isembozo sayo sangaphandle siba buthaka ngenxa yesinye isimo sezokwelapha emzimbeni, okubangela ukuba iqhekeke ngokungahleliwe. Nazi ezinye izimo ezingenzeka:
- Umdlavuza: Izimo zomdlavuza ezifana ne-lymphoma.
- Izifo: Izifo ezifana ne-mononucleosis noma i-malaria.
- Ezinye izifo: Izifo ezingamahlalakhona njengesifo sesibindi (i-Hepatitis) noma i-pancreatitis.
Ziyini izimpawu zokuqhuma kwe-spleen?
Into eyinhloko oyizwayo lapho uboya bakho buqhuma ubuhlungu obukhulu engxenyeni ephezulu kwesobunxele yesisu sakho . Kodwa ake ucabange uma ube nengozi waphuka ubambo, kungaba nzima ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwalolo buhlungu nobuhlungu obuvela kuboya bakho.
Esinye isici ukuthi ubuhlungu bungase buzwakale sengathi buya ehlombe lakho lesobunxele ngemva kwesikhashana. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi uphawu lukaKehr ngokwezokwelapha. Kalula nje, lapho i-spleen iphuma igazi, icindezela inzwa egijima isuka entanyeni iye esifubeni (i-phrenic nerve). Yingakho ubuhlungu buzwakala sengathi buya ehlombe lakho. Ungase uzizwe sengathi ubuhlungu buya bukhula uma uphefumula.
Ngaphezu kwalolu buhlungu obuyinhloko, ezinye izimpawu zingase zivele ngenxa yokopha ngaphakathi emzimbeni kanye nokwehla okungazelelwe komfutho wegazi.
| Isibonakaliso | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Isiyezi kanye nokuquleka | Ukuzizwa unesizungu futhi ungakwazi ukuma. |
| Ukudideka | Ukungakwazi ukuqonda okwenzekayo, ukuba nengqondo engacacile. |
| Umbono ofiphele | Umbono ofiphele. |
| Ubuthakathaka kanye nokulahlekelwa ukwazi | Umbala wesikhumba uba mhlophe futhi uphaphathekile, futhi kubonakala sengathi ulahlekelwa ingqondo. |
| Ukungaphumuli nokukhathazeka | Umuzwa ongavamile wokungakhululeki nokwesaba. |
| Isicanucanu | Ukuzizwa sengathi uhlanza. |
Uma usola ukuthi u-spleen uqhumile, yini okufanele uyenze ngokushesha!
Uma uzwa ubuhlungu obukhulu engxenyeni ephezulu kwesobunxele yesisu sakho ngemva kwengozi, noma uma ubuhlungu bubonakala busakazekela ehlombe lakho lesobunxele, iya eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo wesibhedlela (ETU) ngokushesha ngaphandle kokulibala. Shayela i-ambulensi uma kudingeka.
Lokhu akuyona into ongayilinda nje ekhaya. Ukopha ngaphakathi kungaba yisimo esiholela ekufeni noma ukushona. Ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukufuna usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha okukhulu.
Uma uya esibhedlela, tshela odokotela ngokucacile ngezimpawu zakho, ukulimala kwamuva, kanye nanoma yiziphi ezinye izimo zezokwelapha onazo. Uma kudingeka, ithimba lezokwelapha lizokunikeza usawoti noma ukumpontshelwa igazi ukulawula umfutho wegazi ophansi ngenxa yokopha.
Odokotela bakuthola kanjani lokhu?
Uma umfutho wegazi lakho kanye nokushaya kwenhliziyo yakho kujwayelekile, udokotela uzokuhlola kuqala. Ngemuva kwalokho, bazokwenza i-ultrasound scan ekhethekile (i-FAST ultrasound), evame ukusetshenziswa ezimweni eziphuthumayo. Lokhu kungasheshe kutholakale noma yikuphi ukuphuma kwegazi esiswini.
Uma ukuskena kubonisa ukopha futhi isimo sakho sibucayi, odokotela bayazi ukuthi lokhu kuyi-spleen ephukile futhi kudinga ukwelashwa ngokushesha. Uma isimo sakho sizinzile, kodwa kukhona ukusola ukuthi i-spleen yakho yonakele, kungenziwa i-CT scan ukuze kubonakale ukuthi ukulimala kukhulu kangakanani. Kulinganisa ubucayi bokulimala ngezinombolo kusukela ku-I kuya ku-V.
Iphathwa kanjani?
Ukwelashwa kuncike ebunzimeni bokulimala. Amanye amanxeba amancane angase aphole ngokwawo. Kodwa-ke, amanxeba amakhulu adinga ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo. Amanxeba anzima kakhulu (ebanga V) angadinga ukususwa kwe-spleen.
| Indlela yokwelapha | Kalula nje... |
|---|---|
| Ukufakwa kwe-Embolization | Lokhu akusikho ukuhlinzwa. Udokotela ochwepheshe, ngosizo lwesithwebuli, udlulisa ithubhu elincane komunye wemithambo yegazi yakho iye ebhodweni lakho bese efaka idivayisi encane efana nobuhlalu endaweni yokopha ukuze amise ukopha. |
| I-Splenorrhaphy | Lena inqubo yokuhlinzwa. Le nqubo ihilela ukuthunga udengezi oluqhekekile, ukulufaka ngomshini kagesi (i-electrocautery), noma ukusebenzisa uketshezi olukhethekile ukuze kumiswe ukopha. Uma lokhu kuphumelele, udengezi lungasindiswa ngaphandle kokuthi kudingeke lususwe. |
| Ukuhlinzwa kwe-splenectomy | Uma ukopha kungenakuvinjelwa nganoma iyiphi indlela, futhi i-spleen ingenakusindiswa, yonke noma ingxenye yayo isuswa ngokuhlinzwa. Cishe ama-20% okuqhekeka kwe-splenic aphela ngale ndlela. |
Ungaphila yini ngemva kokususwa kwe-spleen yakho?
Yebo, kungenzeka nakanjani. Ungaphila ngaphandle kwe-spleen. Kodwa kuyathinta amasosha omzimba wakho. Njengoba i-spleen isivikela ezifweni, ukuyisusa kwandisa kancane ingozi yokuthola izifo.
Ngakho-ke, ngemva kokuhlinzwa, udokotela uzokweluleka ukuthi uthole imijovo ekhethekile. Futhi, uma kuvela ukutheleleka, uzokweluleka ukuthi uthathe ama-antibiotic ngokushesha ngaphandle kokulibala.
Isikhathi sokuphulukiswa singahluka kusukela emavikini amathathu kuya kwayi-12 kuye ngokuthi ukulimala kungakanani. Uma uhlinzwa, kungadingeka uhlale esibhedlela izinsuku ezimbalwa.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ubende obuqhekekile buyisimo esibi kakhulu, esingasongela ukuphila esidinga ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo.
- Uma uzwa ubuhlungu obukhulu engxenyeni ephezulu kwesobunxele yesisu sakho ngemva kwengozi, noma uma ubuhlungu buzwakala sengathi buya ehlombe lakho lesobunxele, kungaba uphawu lokuqhuma kwe-spleen.
- Uma unezimpawu ezinjalo, ungalibali bese uya ngokushesha e-Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) yesibhedlela.
- Uma lesi sifo sitholakala futhi selashwa kusenesikhathi, kuvame ukwenzeka ukusindisa ubende ngaphandle kokuwususa.
- Ngisho noma udevu lususiwe, ungaphila impilo evamile. Kodwa-ke, kufanele kuthathwe ukunakekelwa okukhethekile ngokweseluleko sezokwelapha ukuze uzivikele ezifweni.
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