Wake washaya ihlombe lakho ngenkathi udlala ikhilikithi nge-drive? Noma wake washelela wawa ngenkathi ugibela ibhayisikili washaya ihlombe lakho phansi? Kuvamile ukuthi ihlombe lakho libuhlungu uma lokho kwenzeka. Kodwa wake waphawula ukuthi ngezinye izikhathi, kanye nalobo buhlungu, kukhona iqhubu elincane elibukeka njengeqhubu phezu kwehlombe lakho? Abantu abaningi bayesaba lapho bebona lokhu. Bacabanga ukuthi, "O, ngiyazibuza ukuthi ithambo lami lehlombe lizophuma yini." Namuhla sizokhuluma ngesimo esinjalo. Ngokwezokwelapha, lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi "ihlombe elihlukanisiwe."
Kuyini ngempela ihlombe elihlukanisiwe?
Kalula nje, lokhu kuwukulimala kwelunga ehlombe lakho. Kodwa akulona ihlombe eliphumile, njengoba abantu abaningi becabanga. Lokhu kokubili kuhluke ngokuphelele.
Cabanga ngakho, ihlombe lakho liyisimiso esiyinkimbinkimbi sezingxenye. Lapho ithambo lakho lentamo (esilibiza ngezokwelapha ngokuthi "i-clavicle") lixhuma khona phezulu kwehlombe lakho (i-"acromion"), kuba nelunga elincane. Lelilunga libizwa ngokuthi "ilunga le-acromioclavicular" noma ilunga le-AC.
Leli lunga lifana nebhuloho elincane. Ukuze leli bhuloho lihlale liqinile, okungukuthi, ukuze amathambo amabili agcinene ndawonye, kuba nemisipha noma ama-band aqinile (`ligaments`). Uma kwenzeka ingozi, isibonelo, uma uwela kanzima ehlombe, le misipha (`ligaments`) inganwetshwa noma idabuke. Uma le misipha idabuke noma inwetshwa, i-collarbone (clavicle) kanye nethambo lehlombe (acromion) ziyahlukana kancane. Lokhu yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi i-Separated Shoulder.
Khumbula, lokhu akukhona ukuhlukana kwengxenye enkulu yehlombe efana nebhola. Leso yisimo esihlukile. Lokhu kwenzeka esihlanganisini esixhumanisa i-blade yehlombe ne-collarbone.
Lesi simo sivame kakhulu kangangokuthi ezinye izifundo zisikisela ukuthi u-40% wokulimala kwamahlombe kuhilela i-AC joint. Sivame kakhulu kubantu abadlala imidlalo yokuxhumana njenge-rugby nebhola.
Wazi kanjani ukuthi unalesi simo? (Izimpawu)
Izimpawu zehlombe elihlukanisiwe ziyahlukahluka kuye ngokuthi ukulimala kubucayi kangakanani. Abanye abantu bangase babe nobuhlungu obuncane kuphela, kanti abanye bangase bangakwazi ukuhambisa ihlombe labo ngenxa yobuhlungu obukhulu. Ake sibheke izimpawu eziyinhloko.
| Isibonakaliso | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Ubuhlungu engxenyeni engenhla yehlombe | Ubuhlungu buvela phezulu kwehlombe, lapho ithambo lentamo liphela khona. Ubuhlungu bungase bukhule uma uphakamisa ingalo yakho noma uphakamisa isisindo. |
| Iqhubu eliqhubu ehlombe | Lesi yisibonakaliso esethusa abantu abaningi. Uma i-ligament idabukile, ihlombe liyehla ngaphansi kwesisindo sengalo. Bese kuthi i-collarbone ibonakale sengathi ivele phezulu. |
| Ubunzima bokuhambisa ihlombe | Ubuhlungu benza kube nzima ukwenza izinto ezifana nokuphakamisa ingalo yakho noma ukuyibeka ngemuva komhlane wakho. |
| Ukuvuvukala nobuhlungu uma ucindezelwa | Kungase kube nokuvuvukala okuzungeze ilunga elilimele, futhi uma ucindezela indawo ngomunwe wakho, ungase uzwe ubuhlungu obukhulu. |
| Ukushintsha kombala okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka (ukulimaza) | Ngezinye izikhathi isikhumba esizungeze inxeba singase sibe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. |
Kungani lokhu kwenzeka? (Izizathu eziyinhloko)
Imbangela eyinhloko yalesi simo ukuwela ngqo ehlombe. Umphumela wokuwa okunjalo ungadabula imisipha esikhulume ngayo.
Kunezimo eziningana lapho lokhu kungenzeka khona:
- Izingozi zemidlalo: Ukushayisana noma ukuwa ngesikhathi semidlalo efana ne-rugby, ibhola likanobhutshuzwayo, kanye ne-hockey. Ezweni lakithi, ukulimala okufana nalokhu kungenzeka uma umdlali ewa ngenkathi edlala ibhola ngenkathi edlala ikhilikithi.
- Ukuwa: Uma ulimala ehlombe lakho, njengalapho ushelela futhi uwe endlini yokugezela noma uwela phansi ezitebhisini.
- Izingozi zezimoto: Ikakhulukazi ezingozini zesithuthuthu, lapho ihlombe lishaya phansi.
Udokotela uhlonza kanjani lokhu?
Uma uya kudokotela onesifo samahlombe, uzoqala ngokukubuza ngengozi kanye nezimpawu zakho. Ngemuva kwalokho uzohlola ihlombe lakho.
- Ukuhlolwa komzimba:Udokotela uzokuthinta ihlombe lakho bese ehlola noma yikuphi ubuhlungu, ukuvuvukala, noma ukuqhekeka kwamathambo. Ngezinye izikhathi bazokucela ukuthi uphakamise ingalo yakho ngesisindo esincane. Uma ubona ukuqhekeka kwamathambo kuvele kude, ungathola umbono omuhle ngokulimala.
- Ukuhlolwa Kwezithombe: Ukuze kutholakale ukuthi ukulimala kubucayi kangakanani, udokotela wakho angakuthumela ukuhlolwa okuthile.
- I-X-ray yamahlombe: Lokhu kungabonisa ngokusobala ukuthi amathambo amabili aqhelelene kangakanani.
- Ukuskena nge-ultrasound: Lokhu kusiza ukuhlola umonakalo kuma-ligaments.
- Ukuskena kwe-MRI (I-Magnetic Resonance Imaging): Lokhu akudingekile ezimweni eziningi. Kodwa-ke, uma ukulimala kuyinkimbinkimbi, i-MRI ingayalwa ukuze ibone ngokucacile umonakalo wemisipha kanye nezicubu ezithambile ezizungezile.
Ngemva kwalezi zivivinyo, kuye ngohlobo lokulimala kwakho, udokotela wakho angakudlulisela kudokotela ohlinza amathambo . Uzonquma ukwelashwa ngokusekelwe ebunzimeni bokulimala.
Ukuhlukaniswa kobunzima bokulimala
Odokotela bahlukanisa ukulimala kwamahlombe okuhlukene ngezigaba eziyisithupha eziyinhloko ngokusekelwe ebunzimeni bako. Uhlu oluvame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu ukuhlukaniswa kweRockwood. Lolu hlobo lokuhlukaniswa lunquma ukuthi ukuhlinzwa kuyadingeka yini nokuthi kuzothatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuphulukiswa.
| Uhlobo lokulimala | Incazelo (elula) |
|---|---|
| Uhlobo I | I-ligament ejoyintini le-AC inwebekile kancane. Amathambo amabili awahlukene. Kungase kube nobuhlungu nokuvuvukala. Izophola ngokwayo emavikini ambalwa. |
| Uhlobo II | I-ligament ye-AC idatshukile ngokuphelele, kodwa i-ligaments eqinile ngaphansi kwayo (i-"coracoclavicular" noma i-"CC ligaments") inwebeka kancane. I-collarbone iphakanyisiwe kancane futhi ibonakala. |
| Uhlobo III | Zombili imisipha ye-AC kanye ne-CC zidabukile ngokuphelele. Ithambo lentamo libonakala kahle njengeqhubu. Ubuhlungu nokuvuvukala kukhulu. |
| Uhlobo IV | I-ligament iyadabuka, futhi i-collarbone iyasunduzelwa emuva. Lesi yisimo esibucayi. Kuvame ukuhlinzwa. |
| Uhlobo V | Lokhu kukhulu kakhulu kunohlobo lwesithathu. Imisipha iyadabuka, ithambo lentamo liphakanyiswa kakhulu, futhi ngisho nemisipha yehlombe ingalimala. Kudingeka ukuhlinzwa nakanjani. |
| Uhlobo lwe-VI | Lesi yisimo esingavamile kakhulu futhi esibucayi. Ukudabuka kwemisipha kanye nethambo lentamo kuyacindezelwa phansi bese kubhajwa ngaphansi kwehlombe. Kudingeka ukuhlinzwa nakanjani. |
Iyini indlela yokwelapha lokhu?
Ngenhlanhla, ukulimala okuningi kwamahlombe okuhlukene (ikakhulukazi izinhlobo I, II, kanye nezinye izinhlobo III) kungelashwa ngaphandle kokuhlinzwa. Indlela yokwelashwa incike ebunzimeni bokulimala.Ukwelashwa Okungahlinzwa
- Ukuphumula nokuvimbela ukunyakaza: Kubalulekile ukuphumula ingalo yakho ezinsukwini zokuqala kuze kube yilapho ubuhlungu buphela. Udokotela wakho angase ancome ukusebenzisa i-sling ukuze avimbele ukunyakaza kwengalo yakho. Lokhu kuzosiza ekuvimbeleni ukunyakaza okungadingekile kwamahlombe futhi kusize imisipha ukuba iphole.
- Iqhwa: Phakathi nezinsuku zokuqala ezingu-48-72, ukufaka iqhwa endaweni elimele imizuzu engu-15-20 njalo emahoreni angu-2-3 kunganciphisa kakhulu ubuhlungu nokuvuvukala.
- Iziqeda-zinhlungu: Ukuze ulawule ubuhlungu, udokotela wakho angase akunike imithi yokwelapha izinhlungu efana ne-paracetamol noma imithi engeyona i-steroidal anti-inflammatory (NSAIDs) (njenge-ibuprofen ne-naproxen).
- Ukwelashwa Komzimba: Uma ubuhlungu sebuphelile, ukuzivocavoca kokuzivocavoca umzimba kubaluleke kakhulu ukusiza ukubuyisela ukunyakaza kwamahlombe nokuqinisa imisipha ezungeze ihlombe. Kodwa khumbula, lokhu kuzivocavoca kufanele kuqalwe kuphela ngemva kokuthola imvume kuchwepheshe wamathambo.
- Ukugwema ukuphakamisa okunzima: Kufanele ugweme ngokuphelele ukuphakamisa izinsimbi kuze kube yilapho inxeba selipholile, ngokuvamile amasonto angu-8-12.
Ukwelashwa Kokuhlinzwa
Ukuhlinzwa kungadingeka ekulimaleni okukhulu kakhulu (izinhlobo IV, V, VI), noma ukulimala kohlobo lwesithathu okungaphenduli ekwelashweni okungadingi ukuhlinzwa. Uma kwenzeka ukulimala kohlobo lwesithathu, ikakhulukazi kumuntu osemusha, okhuthele, noma ongumdlali wezemidlalo, udokotela wakho cishe uyoncoma ukuhlinzwa. Ukuhlinzwa kuhilela:
- Lungisa noma uqinise imisipha edabukile.
- Ukusebenzisa amadivayisi akhethekile (njengezikhonkwane, izintambo, noma amapuleti) ukuhambisa ithambo le-collarbone kanye ne-shoulder blade emuva endaweni efanele futhi kuziqinise.
- Ngezinye izikhathi, uma ukulimala sekuqhubeke isikhathi eside, kungadingeka ukwakha kabusha i-ligament kusetshenziswa izicubu ezithathwe kwenye ingxenye yomzimba (izicubu ezihlanganisiwe).
Kuzothatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuphulukiswa?
Isikhathi sokululama sincike ebunzimeni bokulimala kanye nokwelashwa okutholile.
Ngokuvamile, ukulimala okuncane (uhlobo I, II) okungadingi ukuhlinzwa kuzophola kakhulu phakathi kwamasonto ama-2-6. Kufanele ukwazi ukubuyela emisebenzini eminingi evamile zingakapheli izinyanga ezi-3.
Uma uhlinzwa, isikhathi sokululama sizoba side nakakhulu. Ngeke ukwazi ukusebenzisa ihlombe lakho isikhathi eside cishe amasonto ayisithupha ngemva kokuhlinzwa. Ngokwelashwa ngokomzimba, kungathatha cishe izinyanga eziyisithupha ukululama ngokuphelele.
Izinto ongazenzela zona ngesikhathi sokululama
Uma usuthole imvume kadokotela wakho, kunezindlela ezilula zokuzivocavoca ongazenza ekhaya ukuze uqinise ihlombe lakho futhi wandise ukuguquguquka.
1. Ukuzivocavoca okuhamba kancane
Lokhu kungaqala kuqala ngemva kokuba ubuhlungu sebuphelile.
- Ukwelula kwe-pendulum:
- Yima eduze kwento efana netafula, beka isandla sakho esihle etafuleni, bese ugoba kancane phambili.
- Vumela ingalo elimele ilenga ngokukhululekile phansi.
- Manje phumula imisipha ehlombe lakho bese uhambisa ingalo yakho phambili nangemuva, eceleni, futhi wenze iziyingi.
- Kwenze ngaphandle kwezisindo ekuqaleni. Ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa, uma kungekho ubuhlungu, ungakwenza ubambe isisindo esincane, njengebhodlela lamanzi.
- Ukukhuphuka udonga:
- Yima ubheke odongeni.
- Beka iminwe yesandla esilimele odongeni.
- Manje, njengesicabucabu, khasa kancane odongeni ngeminwe yakho. Khuphuka ngangokunokwenzeka, ubambe cishe imizuzwana engama-30, bese ukhasa kancane ubuyela phansi.
2. Ukuzivocavoca okuqinisa imisipha
Ungaqala lokhu ngemva kokululama kancane.
- Ukucindezelwa kwe-Scapular:
- Lala phansi, goba amadolo akho, bese ubeka izinyawo zakho phansi.
- Gcina izingalo zombili ziqondile ezinhlangothini zakho.
- Manje cindezela amahlombe akho ndawonye njengokungathi uwadonsela emgogodleni wakho.
- Bamba cishe imizuzwana emi-5, bese uphumula. Yenza lokhu cishe izikhathi ezingama-20.
Okubaluleke kakhulu: Ungaphoqeleli noma yikuphi ukuvivinya umzimba ngenxa yobuhlungu. Uma noma yikuphi ukuvivinya umzimba kwandisa ubuhlungu bakho, yeka bese ukhuluma nodokotela wakho noma nochwepheshe wezokwelapha umzimba.
Kufanele ubonane nini nodokotela?
Uma unezinye zezimpawu ezilandelayo ngemuva kokulimala ehlombe, kufanele nakanjani ubone udokotela ngokushesha. Uma kudingeka, iya eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela esiseduze.
- Uma kukhona ubuhlungu obukhulu .
- Uma kukhona iqhubu noma ukukhubazeka okubonakala kahle ehlombe.
- Uma une -ndindisholo noma ulahlekelwa yimizwa ezandleni noma eminweni yakho.
- Uma iminwe yakho izizwa ibanda noma iphaphathekile .
- Uma isandla sakho sizizwa singenampilo .
- Uma kunzima ukuhambisa isandla ngendlela evamile.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ihlombe elihlukanisiwe liwukudabuka kwe-ligament exhumanisa i-blade yehlombe ne-joint yehlombe. Lesi yisimo esihlukile kunehlombe eliphumile.
- Izimpawu eziyinhloko ubuhlungu ehlombe elingaphezulu kanye nokubonakala okubonakalayo kwethambo lentamo.
- Ezimweni eziningi, lesi simo singelashwa ngaphandle kokuhlinzwa ngokuphumula, iqhwa, amaphilisi obuhlungu, kanye nokwelashwa ngokomzimba.
- Ukuhlinzwa kungadingeka uma ukulimala kukubi kakhulu (izinhlobo ze-IV, V, VI) noma uma ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zingaphumeleli.
- Uma ulimele ehlombe, ubuhlungu obukhulu, ukubukeka okuphambene, noma ukungazweli engalweni yakho, funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha.
- Ungaqali noma yikuphi ukuvivinya umzimba ngaphandle kwemvume kadokotela wakho.
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