Incazelo elula yomuthi wokucanuzela nokuhlanza: I-Serotonin Antagonist

Isicanucanu nokuhlanza okubangelwa yi-anesthesia ngesikhathi sokwelashwa ngamakhemikhali, ukwelashwa ngemisebe, noma ukuhlinzwa kuyinkinga enkulu kubantu abaningi. Ukungakhululeki okuzwayo ngezikhathi ezinjengalezi kuyabaxaka. Ngakho-ke namuhla sizokhuluma ngohlobo olukhethekile lomuthi udokotela wakho azokunika wona ukulawula lesi simo. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi ama-serotonin antagonists . Ake sibone ukuthi iyini le mithi, isebenza kanjani, nokuthi yini okudingeka siyiqaphele lapho siyisebenzisa.

Iyini le nto ephikisana ne-serotonin?

Kalula nje, lezi yiqembu lemithi enqunywe udokotela ukuvimbela nokwelapha isicanucanu nokuhlanza. Ngokwezokwelapha, sibiza imithi yokulwa nokugabha ngokuthi imithi enikezwa isicanucanu. Ngakho-ke, ama-serotonin antagonists angenye yalezo zinhlobo zemithi.

Lolu hlobo lwezidakamizwa lwaziwa ngamanye amagama amaningana:

• Abaphikisi be-Serotonin-receptor
• Abaphikisi be-receptor be-5HT3
• Ama-blocker e-Serotonin

Nakuba la magama engase abonakale eyinkimbinkimbi kancane, wonke asho into efanayo. Okusho ukuthi, avimba ikhemikhali ebizwa ngokuthi i-serotonin emizimbeni yethu ngesinye isikhathi. Sizokhuluma ngalokho ngokucacile kamuva.

Yiziphi izinhlobo eziyinhloko zemithi kulesi sigaba?

Kunezinhlobo eziningana zemithi kulesi sigaba. Udokotela wakho kungenzeka ukuthi ukunike enye yale mithi. Le mithi ingathathwa njengamaphilisi noma njengomjovo.

Phakathi kwalezi , i-Ondansetron (i-Zofran®) ingenye yemithi evame ukunqunywa odokotela yokuqeda isicanucanu, kokubili eSri Lanka nasemhlabeni jikelele.

Kuziphi izimo lapho lo muthi usetshenziswa khona?

Lo muthi uvunyelwe ngokuyinhloko ukuvimbela isicanucanu nokuhlanza okubangelwa ukwelashwa okuthile.

Ukusetshenziswa okuvunyelwe kakhulu:

• Isicanucanu esibangelwa yi-chemotherapy: Uma imithi yokulwa nomdlavuza ingena emzimbeni, kunethuba elikhulu lokucanuzela nokuhlanza. Le mithi iyasiza kakhulu ekuvimbeleni lokhu.
• Isicanucanu esibangelwa ukwelashwa ngemisebe: Isicanucanu singavela futhi ngesikhathi sokwelashwa ngemisebe ukuze kubhujiswe amangqamuzana omdlavuza. Lokhu kunikezwa nakulezo zimo.
• Isicanucanu sangemva kokuhlinzwa: Lo muthi usetshenziselwa futhi ukulawula isicanucanu nokuhlanza okubangelwa imiphumela ye-anesthesia ngemuva kokuhlinzwa.

Lomuthi unikezwa ngendlela efanele kubantu abadala kanye nezingane.

Okunye ukusetshenziswa (Ukusetshenziswa ngaphandle kwelebula):

Ngezinye izikhathi, odokotela, ngokusekelwe kokuhlangenwe nakho kwabo kwezokwelapha, banikeza le mithi kwezinye izimo ngaphandle kwalezo ezivunyelwe zona. Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi 'ukusetshenziswa okungekho ku-label'.

• Ukwelapha isicanucanu ngemva kokuhlinzwa: Lo muthi unikezwa ukuvimbela isicanucanu kanye nangemva kokuba sivele.
• Ukucasuka kwasekuseni: Abanye abantu babhekana nokucasuka okukhulu nokuhlanza ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kwasekuqaleni. Uma ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zingasebenzi, lo muthi unganikezwa ngaphansi kokuqashwa okuseduze kukadokotela.

Lomuthi usebenza kanjani? Ake siwubheke ngokwesayensi.

Ukuze siqonde lokhu, sidinga kuqala ukuqonda ukuthi iyini 'i-serotonin' nokuthi iyini 'ama-serotonin receptors'.

Cabanga ngale ndlela: i-serotonin iyisithunywa, noma i-neurotransmitter, emizimbeni yethu. Lesi sithunywa sisiza ekulawuleni izinto eziningi, okuhlanganisa isimo sethu sengqondo, ukulala, kanye nokugaya ukudla. Ngokumangalisayo, ama-90% ale serotonin atholakala ezindongeni zesisu sethu namathumbu (uhlelo lokugaya ukudla).

Manje, isicanucanu sivela kanjani? Ngenxa yokuthile okufana nokwelashwa komdlavuza, amangqamuzana asemathunjini ethu akhipha inani elikhulu le-serotonin ngokuzumayo. Le serotonin eningi ibopha kuma-receptor asemathunjini futhi ithumele umlayezo ebuchosheni wokuthi "kukhona okungavamile okwenzekayo lapha." Ubuchopho buchaza lo myalezo ngokuthi "isicanucanu."

Ngakho-ke umuthi 'we-serotonin antagonist' esikunika wona wenzani? Lo muthi ufana nokhiye ongalungile kukhiye. Ungena kukhiye (i-receptor), kodwa awusebenzi kukhiye. Futhi, ngoba ungaphakathi kukhiye, awuvumeli ukhiye ofanele (i-serotonin) ukuthi ungene futhi uxhumeke kukhiye.

Okusho ukuthi, lo muthi uvimba ama-receptor angu-5-HT3 i-serotonin ebopha kuwo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi i-serotonin eningi ayinandawo yokuya nokubopha kuyo. Ngenxa yalokho, umyalezo wokucanuzela uyaphela ebuchosheni, futhi umuzwa wokucanuzela nokuhlanza uyancipha.

Yimiphi imiphumela emibi evame kakhulu?

Njenganoma yimuphi umuthi, le mithi ingabangela imiphumela emibi emincane, kodwa ngokuvamile ayibi mibi kakhulu.

Uma le miphumela emibi ikukhathaza kakhulu, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngayo.

Ingabe kukhona izingozi ezikhethekile okufanele uziqaphele?

Nakuba lolu hlobo lomuthi luvame ukuphephile kakhulu, kunezinto ezimbalwa okudingeka siziqaphele kakhulu.

Izinkinga Zenhliziyo

Odokotela bayaqaphela kakhulu lapho benikeza lo muthi kubantu abanezinkinga ezithile zenhliziyo ngoba ungaba nomthelela omncane ekushayweni kwenhliziyo. Uma unezinye zezimo ezilandelayo, qiniseka ukuthi utshela udokotela wakho.

• I-Long QT syndrome
• Ukuphazamiseka kwenhliziyo (i-Ventricular arrhythmia)
• Noma yiluphi olunye uhlobo lwesifo senhliziyo

I-Serotonin Syndrome - Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu!

Lesi yisimo esibi kakhulu, kodwa esingavamile kakhulu, esenzeka lapho amazinga e-serotonin emizimbeni yethu eba phezulu kakhulu.

Le ngozi inganda uma uthatha eminye imithi ethinta amazinga e-serotonin (njengeminye imithi yokucindezeleka) ngenkathi uthatha ama-serotonin antagonists. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi lapho le mithi ivimba ama-serotonin receptors, inani le-serotonin engenayo egazini liyakhula.

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazisa udokotela wakho uma uthatha imithi elandelayo:

• Ama-SSRI
• Ama-SNRI
• I-Mirtazapine
• Izithibi ze-Monoamine oxidase (MAOIs)

Ziyini izimpawu ze-serotonin syndrome? Lezi zimpawu zingaba zincane kakhulu kuya kwezinzima kakhulu.

Sebenzisa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa (Ukukhulelwa)

Le mithi ayihlotshaniswa nengozi enkulu yokukhubazeka kokuzalwa embungwini uma isetshenziswa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Kodwa-ke, kuye kwabikwa ukwanda okuncane kwengozi yokukhubazeka okuthile kokuzalwa kwenhliziyo nobuchopho. Ngakho-ke, uma udinga le mithi ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, udokotela wakho uzoxoxa nawe kabanzi ngezinzuzo nezingozi ngaphambi kokwenza isinqumo.

Kufanele ngishayele nini udokotela wami ucingo?

Uma uqhubeka nokusebenzisa lo muthi, kubalulekile ukubona udokotela wakho ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze uhlole ukusebenza kahle komuthi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, khuluma nodokotela wakho ezimweni ezilandelayo:

• Uma imiphumela emibi ikukhathaza: Uma izinto ezifana nekhanda elibuhlungu kanye nokuqunjelwa zikhathaza kakhulu ukuba zingalawulwa.
• Uma isicanucanu nokuhlanza kunganciphi: Uma isicanucanu singanciphi noma siba sibi naphezu kokuthatha imithi.
• Uma ufuna ukuyeka ukuthatha umuthi: Ungalokothi uyeke ukuthatha umuthi ngaphandle kokubuza udokotela wakho.

Isicanucanu siyinto ecasulayo ngempela. Kodwa izindaba ezinhle ukuthi kunemithi ephumelelayo, njengemithi elwa ne-serotonin, yokuyilawula. Uma unemibuzo ngalokhu, ungesabi ukubuza udokotela wakho.