Ingabe ngezinye izikhathi uzizwa unesizungu, isifuba sakho siyashaya, noma uzizwa sengathi ulahlekelwa ingqondo ngaphandle kwesizathu? Nakuba sicabanga ukuthi lezi yizinto ezivamile, ngezinye izikhathi kungase kube nesizathu esingathi sína ngemuva kwalezi zimpawu esingasazi. Namuhla sikhuluma ngesimo senhliziyo esingavamile kakhulu, kodwa esingaba sibaluleke kakhulu. Leso yi-Short QT Syndrome, noma i-SQTS ngamafuphi.
Kalula nje, iyini i-Short QT Syndrome (SQTS)?
I-Short QT Syndrome (SQTS) iyisimo senhliziyo esingavamile kakhulu, esihambisana nofuzo. Yilapho isigqi senhliziyo yethu siba esingajwayelekile. Kalula nje, ngemva kokushaya kwenhliziyo kanye, kuthatha ikhefu elifushane ukulungiselela ukushaya okulandelayo. Kufana nebhande lerabha elidonswayo bese likhishwa, bese libuyela endaweni yalo. Kumuntu one-SQTS, lokhu kuphuka, noma ukululama, kwenzeka ngokushesha kakhulu noma kufushane kunomuntu ojwayelekile.
Lokhu yilokho esikubiza ngokwezokwelapha ngokuthi "ukufinyezwa kwe-QT interval" yenhliziyo. Lokhu kushesha kungabangela izinkinga ezithile ohlelweni lokubonisana lukagesi lwenhliziyo, okubangela ukuthi isigqi senhliziyo singalingani. Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi "i-arrhythmia". Lokhu kungabangela ukuthi uzizwe unesizungu, uphelelwe amandla, futhi ube nobuhlungu esifubeni. Kwezinye izimo ezinzima, inhliziyo ingayeka ngisho nokushaya ngokuzumayo (ukuma kwenhliziyo). Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela lokhu.
Ake siqonde kahle ukuthi siyini isikhawu se-QT?
Wake wahlolwa i-ECG? Uzobona igrafu yomugqa embikweni ekhuphuka futhi yehla. Yileyo ndlela odokotela abalinganisa ngayo umsebenzi kagesi wenhliziyo yethu. Cabanga nge-ECG (i-Electrocardiogram) njengomshini oqopha izimpawu zikagesi zenhliziyo yethu.
Inhliziyo yethu ishaya kusetshenziswa izimpawu zikagesi. Amakamelo aphezulu (i-atria) kanye namakamelo aphansi (i-mitra) enhliziyo ayafinyela futhi ampompe igazi ngenxa yalezi zimpawu zikagesi. Le nqubo imelelwa amaza e-P, Q, R, S, kanye ne-T ku-ECG.
- Igagasi le-P: Lokhu kukhiqizwa lapho amakamelo aphezulu enhliziyo (i-atria) efinyela.
- I-QRS complex: Lokhu kwenzeka lapho amakamelo aphansi (amaseli) enhliziyo efinyela.
- Igagasi le-T: Lokhu kwenzeka lapho ama-ventricle ebuyela esimweni esijwayelekile futhi elungiselela ukufinyela okulandelayo.
"Isikhathi se-QT" yisikhathi kusukela ekuqaleni kwe-QRS complex kuze kube sekupheleni kwegagasi le-T. Lokhu kulinganisa ukuthi kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuthi amakamelo aphansi enhliziyo afinyele bese ephumula futhi ukuze abuyele esimweni esijwayelekile.
Ngokuvamile, isikhawu se-QT somuntu ophilile siphakathi kwemizuzwana engu-0.35 nengu-0.45. Kodwa-ke, kumuntu one-SQTS, lesi sikhathi singaphansi kwemizuzwana engu-0.34. Lokhu kusho ukuthi inhliziyo ilungiselela ukushaya okulandelayo ngokushesha kakhulu kunokulindelekile.
Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-Long QT ne-Short QT?
Lokhu kubalulekile nakuwe. Kukhona isimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-Short QT kanye ne-Long QT Syndrome.
- I-Short QT Syndrome (SQTS): Isikhathi se-QT sifushane kakhulu (ngaphansi kwemizuzwana engu-0.34). Inhliziyo ilulama ngokushesha okukhulu .
- I-Long QT Syndrome (LQTS): Isikhathi se-QT side ngokungavamile (ngaphezu kwemizuzwana engu-0.45). Inhliziyo ithatha isikhathi eside ukululama.
Zombili lezi zimo zingabangela izinkinga zesigqi senhliziyo.
Ubani othola lesi simo? Ziyini izimbangela?
I-SQTS yisimo esingavamile kakhulu . Azikho izibalo eziqondile zokuthi bangaki abantu emhlabeni abanaso. Kuyisifo esibangelwa izakhi zofuzo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi singazuzwa njengefa kubazali kubantwana. Noma singavela kumuntu ongenawo umlando womndeni, njengoguquko olusha lwezakhi zofuzo.
Ezinye izifundo zithole ukuthi lezi zimpawu zivame ukuvela phakathi nonyaka wokuqala wokuphila kwengane. Ngemuva kwalokho, izimpawu zingaphinde zivele lapho umuntu esemdala, phakathi kweminyaka engama-20 nengama-40.
Yiziphi izimpawu eziyinhloko zalokhu?
Akuwona wonke umuntu one-SQTS ozoba nezimpawu. Abanye abantu baphila impilo ejwayelekile ngaphandle kwezimpawu. Kodwa uma izimpawu zivela, zingase zibukeke kanje.
| Isibonakaliso | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| I-Atrial Fibrillation (AFib) | Lolu uphawu oluvame kakhulu. Izimpawu zikagesi emakamelweni aphezulu enhliziyo (i-atria) ziyaphazamiseka, okubangela ukuba inhliziyo ishaye ngokushesha kakhulu futhi ngokungajwayelekile. |
| Ukushaya Kwenhliziyo Okukhulu | Ukuzwa sengathi inhliziyo yakho ishaya kakhulu futhi ngokushesha, noma sengathi kukhona okundizayo esifubeni sakho. |
| Isiyezi Nokuquleka | Uma isigqi senhliziyo siphazamiseka, inani legazi eligeleza liye ebuchosheni lingancipha. Lokhu kungabangela isiyezi, amehlo aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, kanye nokulahlekelwa ukwazi (i-syncope). |
| Ukuboshwa Kwenhliziyo Okungazelelwe | Lesi yisimo esibi kakhulu nesiyingozi kakhulu. Inhliziyo iyayeka ukushaya ngokuzumayo ngenxa yokuphazamiseka kwesigqi okuyingozi emakamelweni aphansi enhliziyo (i-ventricular fibrillation noma i-ventricular tachycardia). Lesi yisimo esiphuthumayo esidinga ukwelashwa ngokushesha. |
Ngokudabukisayo, abanye abantu (cishe ababili kwabahlanu) baqala ukutholakala bene-SQTS ngemva kokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo ngokuzumayo.
Ungasithola kanjani lesi sifo?
Uma unalezi zimpawu, udokotela wakho uzoqala akubuze ngezimpawu zakho bese ekuxilonga. Uma besola ukuthi une-SQTS, bazokuyala ukuthi kwenziwe lezi zivivinyo ezilandelayo:
- I-ECG (i-Electrocardiogram): Lesi isivivinyo esibaluleke kakhulu. Silinganisa isikhawu sakho se-QT. Uma singaphansi kwemizuzwana engu-0.34, futhi uma unezinye izimpawu, i-SQTS ingase isolwe.
- Ukuhlolwa Kwezakhi Zofuzo: Lokhu kungaqinisekisa ukuthi kukhona yini ukuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo okubangela i-SQTS.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi ngenxa yokuthi isikhathi se-QT ku-ECG sifushane kancane, akunakushiwo ukuthi wonke umuntu une-SQTS. Akunakushiwo futhi ukuthi kunengozi yokuma kwenhliziyo ngokuzumayo. Ukuxilongwa kufanele kwenziwe udokotela onolwazi kule ndawo.
Iphathwa kanjani?
I-SQTS yelashwa udokotela wenhliziyo. Kunezindlela eziningana zokwelapha. Udokotela wakho uzonquma ukwelashwa okufanele kakhulu kwesimo sakho.
1. I-Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator (ICD): Lena idivayisi encane. Ifakwa ngokuhlinzwa ngaphansi kwesikhumba sesifuba eduze kwenhliziyo. Ifana nesivikelo esincane senhliziyo. Lo mshini uqapha njalo isigqi senhliziyo. Uma kwenzeka isigqi esiyingozi, esingajwayelekile, uyasithola bese uletha ukushaqeka okuncane kagesi enhliziyweni, kubuyisele isigqi. Lena yindlela yokwelapha ethembeke kakhulu kubantu abadala.
2. Imithi: Kunemithi yokulwa nokushaya kwenhliziyo enikezwa ukulawula isigqi senhliziyo. Isibonelo, umuthi obizwa ngokuthi i-quinidine usiza ekulungiseni isikhathi se-QT. Udokotela wakho angase futhi akunike eminye imithi, njenge-beta-blockers.
Lesi simo siyithinta kanjani impilo yakho?
Lena inkinga ebucayi. Abanye abantu abane-SQTS basengozini yokufa ngokuzumayo kwenhliziyo. Kuthiwa le ngozi iphezulu kakhulu phakathi kweminyaka engu-0-1 no-20-40. Uma ingane esanda kuzalwa ithintwa yilesi simo, ngezinye izikhathi ibizwa ngokuthi i-Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS).
Nokho, lokhu akusho ukuthi wonke umuntu one-SQTS unale ngozi.
Iningi labantu liphila impilo ejwayelekile nenempilo ngokwelashwa okufanele (ikakhulukazi ukufakwa kwe-ICD) nangokulandela imiyalelo kadokotela wabo. Abanye abantu bangase bangalokothi babe nezimpawu. Njengoba lesi kuyisimo esingavamile, ucwaningo lusaqhubeka. Ngakho into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho wenhliziyo bese uphatha impilo yakho ngendlela evumelana nesimo sakho.
Singakugwema yini lokhu kuyingozi?
Ngenxa yokuthi i-SQTS iyisimo esibangelwa izakhi zofuzo, ayikho indlela esingayivimbela ukuthi ingenzeki. Kuyinto engaphezu kwamandla ethu.
Kodwa uma kutholakala ukuthi une-SQTS, into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukubona udokotela wakho wenhliziyo njalo futhi uhlolwe njalo. Uzoqapha impilo yenhliziyo yakho njalo futhi akunikeze iseluleko kanye nokwelashwa okudingekayo ukuze kuncishiswe ingozi yezinkinga ezinkulu, njengokuma kwenhliziyo ngokuzumayo.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Short QT Syndrome (SQTS) yisimo esingavamile kakhulu sofuzo esibangela ukuthi isigqi senhliziyo sisheshe ngendlela engavamile.
- Izimpawu ezifana nokuzumeka, ukuquleka, kanye nobuhlungu besifuba zingase zivele. Kwezinye izimo ezinzima, ukushaya kwenhliziyo kungazelelwe nakho kungavela.
- Udokotela angakwazi ukuthola lesi sifo ngokuhlolwa kwe-ECG kanye nokuhlolwa kofuzo.
- Lesi simo singaphathwa ngempumelelo ngokufakelwa idivayisi ye-ICD kanye nemithi.
- Uma unalesi sifo noma unalezi zimpawu, ungesabi ukubona udokotela wenhliziyo bese uthola iseluleko. Ngokuphathwa okufanele, ungaphila impilo evamile.
💬 Comments (0)
Awekho amazwana athunyelwe okwamanje. Faka amazwana akho lapha okokuqala ngqa.
Engeza amazwana akho