Ingabe uvame ukuba nekhala elicijile? Uma uvuka ekuseni, ingabe uzizwa ikhanda elinzima, libuhlungu ebunzini lakho, ngaphansi kwamehlo akho, noma ezihlathini zakho? Ingabe une-mucus ephuzi noma eluhlaza okotshani? Lezi yizinkinga abantu abaningi abanazo. Esikhathini esiningi, sicabanga ukuthi lokhu kumane kungumkhuhlane ovamile. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi kungaba yisimo esiqhubekela phambili kancane, okungukuthi, i-sinusitis. Ungakhathazeki, lesi yisimo abantu abaningi abasitholayo futhi esingalapheka. Ake sixoxe ngalokhu namuhla nje.
Iyini ngempela i-sinusitis?
Kalula nje, i-sinusitis ukuvuvukala kolwelwesi oluthambile lwezimbotshana zakho. Kulungile, manje cishe uyazibuza ukuthi ziyini lezi zimbotshana.
Ngaphakathi kobuso bethu, ezindaweni ezifana nebunzi lethu, izihlathi, naphakathi kwamehlo ethu, kunezimbobo ezine ezincane ezigcwele umoya ngaphakathi kwamathambo ekhanda lethu. Lezi yizimbobo esizibiza ngokuthi izimbobo zama-sinus. Ngokuvamile, ziqukethe umoya kuphela. Inani elincane le-mucus likhiqizwa njalo kulezi zimbobo, elingena ekhaleni futhi lisize ukugcina ikhala lihlanzekile futhi limanzi. Lokhu kufana nohlelo lokuhlanza lwemvelo ekhaleni lethu.
Kodwa-ke, lapho ulwelwesi lwalezi zimbobo ze-sinus luvuvukala ngenxa yegciwane, amagciwane, noma ukungezwani komzimba, i-mucus iyaphuma. Bese i-mucus iqoqana ngaphakathi bese iqala ukuba namagciwane. Yilapho izimpawu ezifana nekhanda elinzima, ubuhlungu bobuso, kanye nokuminyana kwamakhala ziqala ukuvela. Yilokhu esikubiza ngokuthi i-sinusitis, ngezinye izikhathi okubizwa ngokuthi i-rhinosinusitis.
Yiziphi izinhlobo eziyinhloko ze-sinusitis?
Sihlukanisa i-sinusitis ngezinhlobo eziningana kuye ngokuthi isibe khona isikhathi esingakanani nokuthi yini eyibangelayo.
Hlunga ngesikhathi esitholakalayo
- I-Acute Sinusitis: Lesi yisimo esiphuthumayo, sesikhashana. Izimpawu (impumulo egobhozayo, impumulo egobhozayo, ubuhlungu bobuso) zihlala isikhathi esingaphansi kwamasonto amane . Ngokuvamile kubangelwa ukutheleleka ngegciwane, njengomkhuhlane ovamile.
- I-Subacute Sinusitis: Leli igama esilibiza ngezimpawu ezihlala kusukela emavikini amane kuya emavikini ayishumi nambili (izinyanga ezi-3) .
- I-Sinusitis Engapheli: Lena inkinga ye-sinus yesikhathi eside. Izimpawu ziyaqhubeka isikhathi esingaphezu kwamasonto ayishumi nambili (izinyanga ezi-3) . Ngokuvamile, lokhu kungenxa yokutheleleka ngamagciwane noma esinye isizathu esiyinhloko.
- I-Recurrent Acute Sinusitis: Lokhu kwenzeka lapho i-sinusitis ivele khona izikhathi ezine noma ngaphezulu phakathi nonyaka, futhi isikhathi ngasinye iba ngcono phakathi namasonto amabili.
Ukuhlukaniswa ngokwembangela yesifo
- I-Viral Sinusitis: Iningi lamacala e-sinusitis abangelwa amagciwane, njengamagciwane abangela umkhuhlane ovamile. Ama-antibiotic awasebenzi ngokumelene nalawa, futhi avame ukuphela ngokwawo ezinsukwini ezimbalwa.
- I-Sinusitis Yamagciwane:Ngezinye izikhathi, amabhaktheriya angakhula ema-sinus akho ngemva kokutheleleka ngegciwane. Uma unekhala eligobhozayo izinsuku ezingaphezu kweshumi, uzwa ubuhlungu ebusweni, futhi ubuhlungu bubuya ngemva kwesikhashana, kungaba ukutheleleka ngegciwane. Udokotela wakho angase akunike ama-antibiotic kulokhu.
- I-Fungal Sinusitis: Lokhu kuyinto engavamile, futhi kungaba yingozi kakhulu. Abantu abanamasosha omzimba abuthakathaka (isibonelo, iziguli ezine-HIV kanye nomdlavuza) banamathuba amaningi okuthola lesi simo.
Ingabe lokhu kuyi-sinusitis, umkhuhlane, noma ukungezwani komzimba?
Njengoba zonke ezintathu zinezici ezifanayo kakhulu, kungaba nzima ukuzihlukanisa. Ake sibheke umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwazo.
| Isimo sesifo | Izici eziyinhloko | Ubude besikhathi |
|---|---|---|
| Umkhuhlane ovamile | Impumulo egobhozayo, ukuthimula, umphimbo obuhlungu, umkhuhlane omncane. Ngokuvamile abukho ubuhlungu obukhulu ebusweni. | Kuzothuthuka ngokwako zingakapheli izinsuku ezingu-5-10. |
| Ukungezwani komzimba | Amehlo nekhala elilumayo, ukuthimula okuqhubekayo, ukuphuma kwamanzi ekhaleni. Akukho mkhuhlane. Akukho ubuhlungu bobuso. | Izimpawu zingase ziqhubeke uma nje imbangela yokungezwani komzimba (isib. uthuli, impova) ikhona. |
| I-Sinusitis | Ulwelwesi olujiyile oluphuzi noma oluluhlaza , ubuhlungu bobuso kanye nobunzima (ibunzi, izihlathi, nxazonke kwamehlo), ubuhlungu obukhulayo lapho ugoba ikhanda, ubuhlungu bamazinyo, umoya omubi. | Kungathatha isonto elilodwa kuya ezinyangeni eziningana. |
Into ebalulekile ukuthi i-sinusitis ingabangelwa umkhuhlane noma ukungezwani komzimba. Lokho kusho ukuthi enye ingaholela kwenye.
Yiziphi izimpawu eziyinhloko ze-sinusitis?
Ungase ube nesinye noma ngaphezulu salezi zimpawu:
- Ukuminyana kwamakhala: Ikhala lizwakala livalekile ngokuphelele, okwenza kube nzima ukuphefumula.
- Ulwelwesi olujiyile: Ulwelwesi olujiyile oluphuzi noma oluluhlaza luphuma ekhaleni.
- Ukuconsa kwangemuva kwempumulo: Umuzwa womqubuko ogeleza emphinjeni wakho esikhundleni sokuphuma ekhaleni lakho. Lokhu kungabangela umphimbo obuhlungu njalo nokukhwehlela.
- Ubuhlungu bobuso kanye nokucindezeleka: Umuzwa wokucindezeleka noma ubuhlungu ebunzini, eduze kwamehlo, nasezihlathini. Uma lobu buhlungu bukhula uma ugoba ikhanda lakho phambili , kuyisibonakaliso esiyinhloko se-sinusitis.
- Ukulahlekelwa yiphunga nokunambitha: Umuzwa wokunuka ungancipha noma ulahleke ngokuphelele.
- Ezinye izici:
- Umoya omubi (i-Halitosis)
- Ubuhlungu emazinyweni angaphezulu
- Ukucindezeleka noma ubuhlungu ezindlebeni
- Umkhuhlane omncane
- Ikhanda elibuhlungu
- Ukukhathala okuqhubekayo
Izimbangela kanye nezici eziyingozi ze-sinusitis
Ayikho imbangela eyodwa ye-sinusitis. Kungaba nezici eziningana ezibangela lokhu.
Izizathu eziyinhloko:
- Amagciwane: Amagciwane anjengomkhuhlane kanye nomkhuhlane yiwona imbangela eyinhloko.
- Amabhaktheriya: Amabhaktheriya anjenge-'Streptococcus pneumoniae' kanye ne-'Haemophilus influenzae'.
- Ukungezwani komzimba: Ukungezwani komzimba nezinto ezifana nothuli kanye nempova kungabangela ukuthi ulwelwesi olungaphakathi kwekhala luvuvuke futhi luvale imigodi yama-sinus.
Izinto ezandisa ingozi:
Abanye abantu banamathuba amaningi okuthola i-sinusitis kunabanye. Nazi ezinye izinto ezingaba nomthelela kuyo.
| Isici sengozi | Indlela okuthinta ngayo |
|---|---|
| Ama-polyp ekhala | Lokhu kufana namaqhubu anyamalalayo akhiwa ngaphakathi kwekhala. Angavimba izindlela ezikhipha uketshezi oluphuma emathunjini e-sinus. |
| I-septum ephambukile | Uma udonga oluphakathi nekhala lunwetshiwe, kunethuba elikhulu lokuthi uhlangothi olulodwa luzovimbeka futhi amafinyila aqongelelane. |
| Isimiso somzimba esibuthakathaka | Izimo ezifana ne-HIV, umdlavuza, noma imithi ethile zinganciphisa ikhono lomzimba lokulwa nezifo. |
| Ukubhema | Ukubhema kulimaza ulwelwesi oluthambile ngaphakathi kwekhala futhi kwandisa ukuvuvukala. Le ngozi iyasebenza nakulabo abaseduze nababhemayo. |
| Isifuba somoya kanye nokungezwani komzimba | Zombili lezi zimo zibangela ukuvuvukala ohlelweni lokuphefumula, okwandisa ingozi ye-sinusitis. |
Udokotela ukubona kanjani lokhu?
Esikhathini esiningi, udokotela wakho angabona ukuthi une-sinusitis ngokulalela izimpawu zakho nokukuhlola. Uzohlola izindlebe zakho, impumulo, nomphimbo ukuze abone ukuthi kukhona yini ukuvuvukala noma ulwelwesi.
Ngezinye izikhathi, ikakhulukazi uma une-sinusitis engapheli, kungase kudingeke ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe.
- I-Endoscopy Yamakhala: Kufakwa ithubhu elincane, elifakwe ikhamera ekhaleni ukuze kuhlolwe izikhala zemigoqo yama-sinus.
- I-CT Scan: Lokhu kungathatha isithombe esicacile sengaphakathi lemigoqo ye-sinus. Lokhu kungasiza ekuboneni ukuthi kungakanani uketshezi olungaphakathi nokuthi kukhona yini ezinye izinkinga.
- Ukuhlolwa Kokungezwani Nomzimba: Lokhu kuhlolwa kungenziwa ukuze kutholakale ukuthi izinkinga zakho ze-sinus zibangelwa yini ukungezwani komzimba.
Ungayiphatha kanjani? Izinto ongazenza ekhaya
I-Sinusitis ngokuvamile ayibi yingozi futhi ingadambisa izinto ezilula ongazenza ekhaya.
Izindlela zokwelapha ezingenziwa ekhaya:
- Phuza uketshezi oluningi: Phuza uketshezi oluningi usuku lonke, njengamanzi, ujusi wezithelo, kanye nephalishi. Lokhu kuzosiza ekunciphiseni uketshezi futhi kwenze kube lula ukuphuma.
- Ukubamba umusi:Ukufutha isitsha samanzi ashisayo kuhle kakhulu. Lokhu kunciphisa ukuminyana kwamakhala futhi kukhulule amafinyila. Yenza lokhu cishe imizuzu eyi-10-15 kabili noma kathathu ngosuku.
- Ukuhlanza Ikhala Nge-Saline: Ukuhlanza impumulo yakho ngesisombululo se-saline, esitholakala ekhemisi, noma isisombululo se-saline esenziwe ekhaya, kungasiza ekususeni i-mucus, uthuli, kanye nezinto ezibangela ukungezwani komzimba. Buza udokotela wakho ukuthi ungakwenza kanjani lokhu.
- Ukuphumula: Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuphumula umzimba wakho. Lokhu kunikeza amasosha omzimba wakho amandla okulwa nalesi sifo.
- Ukucindezela Okushisayo: Ukubeka indwangu ecwiliswe emanzini ashisayo ezindaweni ezibuhlungu (ibunzi, izihlathi) kunganikeza impumuzo.
Ukwelashwa okunqunywe udokotela:
Uma izimpawu zakho zihlala izinsuku ezingaphezu kweziyi-10, ziba zimbi kakhulu, noma umkhuhlane ophezulu, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela. Angase akunike imithi yokwelapha efana nalokhu:
- Ama-antibiotic: Lawa anikezwa kuphela uma usola ukuthi unegciwane. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthatha yonke imithi njengoba kunqunywe udokotela wakho.
- Izifutho Zamakhala: Izifutho eziqukethe ama-steroid anciphisa ukuvuvukala zinganikezwa.
- Izibulali-zinhlungu: Izibulali-zinhlungu ezifana ne-paracetamol zingasiza ekunciphiseni ikhanda kanye nobuhlungu bobuso.
Akuzona zonke izinkinga ze-sinus ezidinga ama-antibiotic. Ukusebenzisa ama-antibiotic ngokungadingekile kungaholela ekukhuleni kwamagciwane amelana nemithi esikhathini esizayo. Ngakho-ke, wasebenzise kuphela uma unikezwe udokotela.
Isikhathi sokuthola iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha
Nakuba i-sinusitis ivame ukungabi yingozi, akuvamile ukuthi ukutheleleka kusakazeke emehlweni noma ebuchosheni. Kuyisimo esiphuthumayo. Uma unezimpawu ezilandelayo, hamba uye emnyangweni wezimo eziphuthumayo esibhedlela (ETU) ngokushesha.
- Umkhuhlane ophakeme kakhulu (ngaphezu kwama-40 Celsius / 103 Fahrenheit).
- Ikhanda elibuhlungu kakhulu kanye nokuqina kwentamo .
- Ukuzizwa unesizungu noma ukuziphatha okucasukile.
- Ukushintsha kokubona (ukubona kabili, ukubona okufiphele) noma ukuvuvukala nokubomvu okuzungeze amehlo .
- Ukuquleka.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Sinusitis ukuvuvukala kolwelwesi lwezimbobo ze-sinus ebusweni. Lesi yisimo esivame kakhulu.
- Izimpawu eziyinhloko ulwelwesi oluphuzi noma oluluhlaza okotshani, ubuhlungu bobuso, kanye nobuhlungu obukhula lapho ikhanda litshekile.
- Ukutheleleka okuningi kwe-sinus kubangelwa amagciwane futhi akudingi ama-antibiotic.
- Izinto ezilula njengokuphefumula ngomusi, ukuphuza amanzi amaningi, nokuphumula kuvame ukunikeza impumuzo.
- Uma izimpawu ziqhubeka izinsuku ezingaphezu kweziyi-10, uma umkhuhlane unzima, noma uma izimpawu ziba zimbi kakhulu, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela.
- Uma uzwa izimpawu ezifana nokuvuvukala okuzungeze amehlo, izinguquko embonweni, noma ikhanda elibuhlungu, hamba esibhedlela ngokushesha.
💬 Comments (0)
Awekho amazwana athunyelwe okwamanje. Faka amazwana akho lapha okokuqala ngqa.
Engeza amazwana akho