Injabulo enkulu kumama noma ubaba onengane esanda kuzalwa ukubamba leyo ngane ezandleni zabo. Uma uyibamba futhi uyiphulula ikhanda, kungenzeka ukuthi uke waphawula ukuthi kunendawo encane, efana nomgodi phezu kwekhanda layo. Sivame ukubiza lokhu ngokuthi 'ukukhasa'. Lapho abanye abazali bekubona lokhu, bayesaba kancane, bathi, "Kuyini lokhu? Ingabe kukhona okungahambi kahle ngengane?" Kodwa lokhu kuyingxenye yesakhiwo esimangalisayo sekhanda lengane. Eduze kwale ndawo egobile kukhona imithungo yekhanda esikhuluma ngayo namuhla.
Ziyini ngempela lezi zithungo ze-cranial?
Kalula nje, i-cranial sutures yizihlanganisi eziphakathi kwamathambo akha ukhakhayi lwakho. Cabanga ngazo njengokuthunga izingcezu zendwangu ukuze kwenziwe ingubo, amathambo ekhakhayi lethu axhunywe yilezi sutures. Kodwa lezi akuzona nje noma yiziphi izithungo. Zenziwe ngezicubu eziqinile neziguquguqukayo.
Manje ungase uzibuze, "Kungani ikhanda lingakhiwanga ngethambo elilodwa, kodwa izingcezu zihlanganiswe kanje?" Kunezizathu ezimbili ezibaluleke kakhulu zalokho.
1. Yenza kube lula ukubeletha: Uma umntwana efika kuleli zwe, kufanele angene ngomsele wokuzalwa kamama. Lesi isikhala esincane kakhulu. Ngakho-ke lapho ikhanda lomntwana liphuma kulesi sikhala esincane, amanye amathambo asekhanda aphakama phezu komunye nomunye, ashintshe ukuma kwekhanda kancane. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi "ukubumba". Lokhu kungenzeka ngoba amathambo awanamathelene ngokuqinile ngenxa yalezo zithungo. Yilokhu okusiza ukubeletha kuhambe kahle ngaphandle kokulimaza ingane noma umama.
2. Vumela ubuchopho bukhule: Lapho sizalwa, ubuchopho bethu abukakhuli ngokugcwele. Ubuchopho bukhula ngokushesha kakhulu eminyakeni embalwa yokuqala yokuphila. Ngakho cabanga ngakho, ukube ugebhezi belwenziwe ngethambo elilodwa, ubuchopho obungaphakathi bebungeke bube nendawo yokukhula, akunjalo? Yilokho okwenziwa yilezi zithungo. Njengoba ubuchopho bukhula, lezi zithungo zisiza ugebhezi ukuba lukhule futhi lukhule nalo. Kufana nokuthi lapho isitshalo esincane sikhula, inhlabathi esizungezile iyahamba.
Uma ubuchopho sebukhule bufinyelela usayizi odingekayo, lawa ma-suture ayavaleka kancane kancane, amathambo ayahlangana, bese ugebhezi luba yindwangu eyodwa eqinile.
Yiziphi izithungo ezinkulu ekhanda?
Kunezithungo eziningana ezinkulu ekhanda lethu. Ngayinye yalezi inegama nomsebenzi othile. Ake sibheke ukuthi ziyini.
| Igama Lomshudo | Indawo kanye nencazelo elula |
|---|---|
| I-Metopic Suture | Lokhu kutholakala phakathi kwebunzi, ngqo ngaphezu kwalo. Kuxhumanisa amathambo amabili akha ibunzi (amathambo angaphambili). Lona umthungo wokuqala ovalwa. |
| I-Coronal Suture | Njengendawo lapho umqhele ubekwe khona ekhanda, umthungo ovundlile osuka endlebeni uye endlebeni uxhumanisa ithambo langaphambili namathambo e-parietal. |
| I-Sagittal Suture | Umthungo oqondile ohamba kusukela phambili kuya emuva, wehla phakathi kwekhanda. Uxhumanisa amathambo amabili ayinhloko kuzo zombili izinhlangothi zekhanda (amathambo e-parietal). |
| I-Lambdoid Suture | Umthungo ovundlile ngemuva kwekhanda. Uxhumanisa amathambo e-parietal ohlangothini ngalunye lwekhanda kanye nethambo le-occipital. |
| I-Squamous Suture | Imisipha evundlile ezinhlangothini zombili zekhanda, ngaphezu kwendlebe, ixhumanisa ithambo lesikhashana kanye nethambo le-parietal elingaphezu kwalo. |
Ngaphezu kwalezi zithungo ezinkulu, kunezinye izithungo ezincane ekhanda. Ngayinye yazo iqanjwe ngamathambo amabili ewaxhumanisayo.
Le migwaqo izovalwa nini?
Lona umbuzo abazali abaningi abanawo. Njengokubuza ukuthi, "Intambo yomntwana wami izovala nini?", ukuvalwa kwalezi zithungo kuyinqubo eyenzeka kancane kancane. Akuzona zonke ezivala ngesikhathi esisodwa.
- I-Metopic Suture: Lena yiyo yokuqala ukuvala. Ngokuvamile ivala phakathi kwezinyanga ezintathu neziyisishiyagalolunye ubudala.
- I-Sagittal Suture: Lokhu kuvala cishe eminyakeni engu- 22 .
- I-Coronal Suture: Ivala cishe eminyakeni engama- 24 .
- I-Lambdoid Suture:Ivala uma ineminyaka engaba ngu- 26 ubudala.
- I-Squamous Suture: Lokhu kuthatha isikhathi ukuvala. Kungase kungavali ngokuphelele kuze kube yilapho umuntu eneminyaka engu- 60 .
Sibiza le nqubo ngokuthi "ukwakheka kwezicubu." Okusho ukuthi, izicubu eziguquguqukayo ziphenduka kancane kancane zibe yithambo. Lokhu kuyinto eyenzeka ngokushesha okukhulu.
Into ebalulekile ukuthi akuyona into enhle ukuthi lezi zithungo zivaleke ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Futhi, uma zingavali ngemva kwesikhathi esibekiwe, kungaba uphawu lwenkinga.
Yiziphi izinkinga ezingavela ngemigqa yomthungo?
Isimo esiyinhloko nesivame kakhulu kulokhu yi -craniosynostosis .
Kalula nje, lokhu kusho ukuthi eyodwa noma ngaphezulu yezicubu ezikugebhezini ivala ngokushesha kakhulu . Cabanga, bekuzokwenzekani uma ugebhezi luvaleka ngokuzumayo lapho ubuchopho bomntwana busakhula ngokushesha? Ubuchopho ngeke bube nendawo yokukhula. Lokhu kungabangela izinkinga ezimbili ezinkulu:
1. Ukuma kwekhanda okungavamile: Uma umthungo owodwa kuphela uvala, ikhanda alikwazi ukukhula kuleyo ndlela. Ikhanda libe selikhula kakhulu liye kwelinye, imithungo evulekile. Lokhu kubangela ukuthi ikhanda lomntwana libe nesimo esingavamile. Isibonelo, uma "umthungo we-sagittal" uvala ngokushesha kakhulu, ikhanda liba lide ngaphambili nangemuva futhi libe lincane ezinhlangothini.
2. Ukwanda Kokucindezeleka Kwangaphakathi Kwekhanda: Njengoba ubuchopho buzama ukukhula, uma ugebhezi lungakwazi ukuluvumela, ukucindezeleka okungaphakathi kogebhezi kuyanda. Lokhu kungathinta kakhulu ukukhula nokusebenza kobuchopho.
Ezinye izinkinga ngaphandle kwe-craniosynostosis
Ezinye izimo zezokwelapha nazo zingathinta ama-suture ekhanda.
- Izimo zofuzo ezithinta ukukhula kwamathambo - njenge-`(Achondroplasia)`.
- Izinkinga zama-hormone - `(i-hypothyroidism yokuzalwa)`
- Izimo zofuzo - `(Down syndrome)`
- Ukwanda kwengcindezi ngenxa yokuqongelela koketshezi ngaphakathi kwekhanda (i-hydrocephalus) noma ukuphuma kwegazi (i-hematoma)
- Ukulimala ekhanda noma ukwaphuka
- Ama-Ricket, isimo esibangelwa ukuntuleka kwe-vitamin D
- Izimila ekhanda
Yiziphi izimpawu okufanele siziqaphele njengabazali?
Uma kunenkinga ngekhanda losana lwakho, kubalulekile ukuyibona kusenesikhathi. Nazi ezinye izimpawu okufanele uziqaphele.
| Isibonakaliso | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Isimo sekhanda esingavamile | Uma ikhanda lomntwana libonakala liyisicaba ohlangothini olulodwa, noma lide kakhulu, noma linomumo ongunxantathu. |
| Ifindo/intambo endleleni yokuthunga | Uma, lapho uthinta ikhanda lomntwana wakho, uzwa umugqa oqinile, ophakanyisiwe lapho kufanele kube khona umthungo (lokhu kungasho ukuthi umthungo uvale ngokushesha). |
| Izinkinga ezihlobene ne-Fontanelle | Uma ingono izwakala sengathi iwele ngaphambi kwesikhathi, noma uma ingono ihlala ivuvukala futhi ivuvukele. (Kujwayelekile ukuthi ingono ivuvuke kancane lapho umntwana ekhala noma ekhwehlela. Kodwa akukuhle ukuthi ibe njalo ngaso sonke isikhathi). |
| Ukulibaziseka kokukhula | Uma kukhona ukubambezeleka kokukhula komntwana ekukhuleni nasekukhuleni kwakhe (isib., ukungaphenduki intamo noma ukugingqika ngesikhathi esifanele). |
| Ezinye izici | Izimpawu ezinzima njengekhanda elibuhlungu njalo (nakuba umntwana engakwazi ukuliveza, uhlala ekhala futhi engahlaliseki), kanye nokuxhuzula. |
Uma usola ukuthi ingane yakho inazo lezi zimpawu, xhumana nodokotela womndeni wakho ngokushesha. Akukuhle ukuqagela ngalezi zinto.
Udokotela uhlola kanjani lokhu?
Uma uyisa ingane yakho kudokotela, into yokuqala ayenzayo ukuhlola ikhanda lomntwana ngokucophelela. Bahlola ngokucophelela ukuma kwekhanda, indawo lapho kukhona khona imithungo, kanye nohlobo lomqhele.
Uma usola ukuthi kunenkinga, ungenza izivivinyo eziningana ukuze uyiqinisekise.
- I-X-ray: Isithombe sekhanda singathathwa ukuze kubonakale ukuthi ama-suture avaliwe noma cha.
- I-CT scan: Lokhu kungaveza izithombe ezicacile, ezinezinhlangothi ezintathu (3D) zekhanda nobuchopho. Lokhu kusiza ukubona ngqo ukuthi imithungo ikuphi nokuthi ubuchopho buthintekile yini.
- I-MRI: Lokhu kungaveza nezithombe ezinemininingwane zobuchopho nezicubu ezizungezile.
Kungemva kwalezi zivivinyo kuphela lapho udokotela enquma khona ukuthi inkinga iyini nokuthi yini okudingeka yenziwe ngayo.
Wenzani njengokwelashwa?
Ukwelashwa kuncike embangela kanye nobunzima besimo.
Kunezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko zokwelapha i-craniosynostosis.
1. Ukugqoka Isigqoko Sokubumba: Kwezinye izimo, ikakhulukazi uma isimo singesibi kakhulu, odokotela batusa ukugqoka isigqoko esiklanyelwe ngokukhethekile ukulungisa ukuma kwekhanda lomntwana. Lokhu kusiza ekuqondiseni ukukhula kwekhanda ngendlela efanele futhi kubuyisela ukuma kwekhanda esimweni esijwayelekile.
2. Ukuhlinzwa: Ngokuvamile, ukuhlinzwa kuyadingeka ukuze kuvulwe kabusha umugqa wokuthunga ovale ngokushesha. Lokhu kungase kuzwakale kusabisa kubazali, kodwa kuvumela ubuchopho ukuba bukhule ngokukhululeka. Lokhu kuhlinzwa sekuthuthukile kakhulu futhi kuphephile. Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, ikhanda lomntwana lizobuyela esimweni salo esijwayelekile.
Uma ingcindezi engaphakathi kogebhezi ikhuphukile ngenxa yokulimala ekhanda, kungase kudingeke ukuhlinzwa okuphuthumayo . Ezimweni ezinjalo, ukudluliselwa ngokushesha e-Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) yesibhedlela kubalulekile.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ukuthunga kwekhanda ekhanda lomntwana akuyona into engavamile. Kuyisakhiwo semvelo esibalulekile ekukhuleni kobuchopho bomntwana kanye nokuzalwa okuphephile .
- Ama-fontanelles kanye nama-suture ekhanda lomntwana avala kancane kancane ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Lena inqubo evamile.
- Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi lezi zithungo zivaleke ngaphambi kwesikhathi (craniosynostosis) , okungaphazamisa ukukhula kobuchopho bomntwana.
- Uma ucabanga ukuthi ikhanda lengane yakho limile ngendlela engajwayelekile , lizwakala njengeqhubu eliqinile uma ulithinta, noma uma umqhele uhlala uphuma , ungalithathi kalula.
- Uma unokungabaza okuncane kakhulu, into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukuxhumana nodokotela womndeni wakho noma udokotela wezingane ukuze uthole iseluleko, kunokufuna ulwazi ku-inthanethi.Uma kutholakale kusenesikhathi, eziningi zalezi zimo zingaphathwa ngempumelelo.
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