Ingabe unevalvu yenhliziyo 'evuzayo'? (Ivalvu Yenhliziyo Evuzayo) - Ake sithole konke ngalokhu!

Ingabe ngezinye izikhathi uzizwa ukhathele, uphelelwa umoya, noma umane ushaya isifuba? Sivame ukukhohlwa ngalezi zinto, sicabanga ukuthi zivamile. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi lezi zingaba izimpawu ezincane esizithola enhliziyweni yethu. Namuhla sizokhuluma ngesimo esivame kakhulu esenzeka enhliziyweni, kodwa abantu abaningi abazi ngaso. Leso yi-valve yenhliziyo evuzayo. Ungesabi, yize igama lingase lizwakale njengento enkulu, ake sixoxe ngalokhu kalula.

Kulungile, kusho ukuthini uma ivalvu yenhliziyo 'ivuza'?

Kalula nje, lolu uhlobo oluvamile lwesifo se-valve yenhliziyo. Lesi simo senzeka lapho elinye lama-valve amane enhliziyweni yethu lingavaleki kahle. Cabanga ngomnyango endlini yakho ongakhiyi kahle. Khona-ke, njengoba nje ungahamba uye phambili naphambili, lapho i-valve yenhliziyo ingavaleki kahle, igazi elithile liqala ukugeleza libuyele emuva ngendlela engafanele. Lokhu yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi 'ukuvuza' noma, ngokwezokwelapha , ukubuyiselwa kwe-valve yenhliziyo .

Ama-valve ethu enhliziyo afana neminyango evumela igazi ukuthi ligeleze ohlangothini olulodwa kuphela. Umsebenzi wawo oyinhloko ukugcina igazi ligeleza ohlangothini olufanele futhi livimbele ukuthi ligeleze libuyele emuva. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi, la ma-valve angonakala ngenxa yokukhubazeka kwenhliziyo noma izifo ezikhula kamuva ekuphileni. Yilapho-ke lezi zinhlobo zokuvuza zivela khona.

Ubunzima balesi simo buxhomeke ekutheni lingakanani igazi elivuzayo emuva. Uma inani elincane kakhulu (inani lokulandelela) livuza, ungase ungabi nazimpawu. Ngeke kube nomthelela omkhulu ekusebenzeni kwenhliziyo. Kodwa-ke, uma ukuvuza kuphakathi noma kukhulu, kungase kuvele izimpawu futhi kungase kudingeke ukwelashwa ukuze kumiswe umonakalo enhliziyweni.

Odokotela basebenzisa amanye amagama kulesi simo:

• Ukuvuselelwa kwevalvu yenhliziyo
• Ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-valve yenhliziyo
• Ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-valve yenhliziyo

Womathathu la magama abhekisela esimweni esifanayo.

Yiziphi izinhlobo zama-valve enhliziyo ezingavuza?

Kunezivikelo ezine eziyinhloko enhliziyweni yethu. Ngakho-ke, noma yiliphi lalawa amane lingaba nokuvuza. Lesi simo siqanjwe ngegama lezivikelo ezithintekile. Ake sibheke lokhu ukuze sikuqonde kahle.

Okuvame kakhulu kwalokhu ukuvuselelwa kwe-valve ye-mitral.

Ziyini izimpawu zalesi simo?

Njengoba ngishilo ngaphambili, uma ukuvuza kuncane kakhulu, ungase ungabi nazimpawu. Abantu abaningi abazi nokuthi banalesi simo, futhi sitholakale ngengozi ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa okwenziwe ngesinye isizathu. Kodwa-ke, uma ukuvuza kuphakathi noma kukhulu, kungase kube nezimpawu ezilandelayo.

• Ubuhlungu besifuba noma ukuqina: Ukuzwa sengathi othile ucindezela isifuba sakho.
• Ukukhwehlela: Ukukhwehlela okomile, ikakhulukazi uma ukhwehlela.
• Ukuzizwa ukhathele noma ubuthakathaka ngokushesha: Ukuzizwa ukhathele kakhulu ngisho nangemva kokwenza umsebenzi omncane.
• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo: Umuzwa wokuthi inhliziyo ishaya kakhulu, ngokushesha, noma ngokungajwayelekile.
• Ubunzima bokuphefumula ngesikhathi sokuzivocavoca: Ukuzizwa uphelelwa umoya lapho uhamba ibanga elifushane noma ukhuphuka izitebhisi.
• Ukuvuvukala kwemilenze nezinyawo (i-Edema):Ngenxa yokuthi inhliziyo ayipompi igazi kahle, uketshezi luyaqoqana emzimbeni futhi lubangele ukuvuvukala emilenzeni nasemaqakaleni.

Uma unesinye noma ngaphezulu salezi zimpawu, akusho ukuthi unenkinga ye-valve yenhliziyo. Kodwa-ke, kungcono ukungazinaki lezi zimpawu. Kungcono ukubona udokotela wakho ukuze akunike iseluleko.

Kungani ama-valve evuza kanje? Yiziphi izizathu?

Kunezizathu eziningi ezenza ukuthi ama-valve enhliziyo avuza. Ezinye zibangelwa ukuguga, kanti ezinye zibangelwa ezinye izimo zezokwelapha. Nazi ezinye zezimbangela eziyinhloko:

• Ukuwohloka kwe-myxomatous: Lesi yisimo esivame ukwenzeka ngokuguga. Amandla nokuguquguquka kwama-valve kuyancipha.
• I-Cardiomyopathy: Njengoba imisipha yenhliziyo iba buthaka futhi inhliziyo ikhula, ama-valve axhunywe kuyo anganwebeka futhi angavaleki kahle.
• Isifo senhliziyo esizalwa naso: Abanye abantu bazalwa benesici enhliziyweni noma ema-valve abo.
• I-Endocarditis: Ukutheleleka kolwelwesi lwangaphakathi lwenhliziyo kanye nama-valve ayo, okubangelwa amagciwane anjengamagciwane. Lokhu kungabangela umonakalo ongapheli kuma-valve.
• Umonakalo obangelwe ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo kwangaphambilini: Lapho ukugeleza kwegazi engxenyeni ethile yenhliziyo kunqamuka ngenxa yokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo, imisipha kuleyo ngxenye iyalimala. Lokhu kungathinta ukusebenza kwama-valve.
• Izimila zenhliziyo: Lezi azivamile kakhulu, kodwa zingaphazamisa ukusebenza kwama-valve.
• Isifo senhliziyo esihambisana nobuhlungu besifuba: Umkhuhlane wesifuba, owenzeka lapho umphimbo obuhlungu ungelashwa kahle ebuntwaneni, ungalimaza ama-valve enhliziyo. Lesi simo manje asivamile ezweni lethu.
• I-Thoracic aortic aneurysm: Ukuvuvukala komthambo oyinhloko osuka enhliziyweni okungathinta i-aortic valve.

Yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona ngevalvu evuzayo?

Uma i-valve ivuza, ukusebenza kahle kwenhliziyo kwehla. Ngenxa yokuthi igazi elithile lihamba ngendlela engafanele, inhliziyo kufanele isebenze kanzima ukuze ipompe inani legazi elidingwa ngumzimba. Lo mthwalo owengeziwe ungaholela ezinkingeni ezahlukahlukene ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

• I-Atrial fibrillation: Amakamelo aphezulu enhliziyo (i-atria) aqala ukushaya ngokungajwayelekile futhi ngokushesha okukhulu.
• Inhliziyo ekhulisiwe (i-Cardiomegaly):Imisipha yenhliziyo iba mikhulu ngoba iqhubeka isebenza kanzima. Njengoba nje imisipha iba mikhulu uma uzivocavoca. Kodwa lokhu akukuhle enhliziyweni.
• Ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo: Isimo lapho inhliziyo ingakwazi ukupompa igazi elanele emzimbeni ngenxa yokungakwazi ukuthwala umthwalo owengeziwe isikhathi eside.
• Umfutho wegazi ophezulu wamaphaphu: Ukwanda kwengcindezi emithanjeni yegazi ethwala igazi liye emaphashini.
• Ukuma kwenhliziyo ngokuzumayo: Ukuphela kokusebenza kwenhliziyo ngokuzumayo. Lesi yisimo esibi kakhulu futhi esingavamile.

Odokotela bakuthola kanjani lesi simo?

Uma uya kudokotela ukuze umtshele ngezimpawu zakho, into yokuqala ayenzayo ukukuhlola kahle.

• Bazokubuza ngezimpawu zakho kanye nemininingwane ngezinye izifo zakho.
• Bahlola izinto ezifana nomfutho wegazi lakho kanye nesivinini sokushaya kwenhliziyo.
• Bazozwa izindawo ezifana nemilenze nesisu ukuze babone ukuthi kukhona yini ukuvuvukala.
• Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukubeka i-stethoscope esifubeni bese ulalela imisindo yenhliziyo. Uma kukhona ukuvuza evalvini, ungase uzwe umsindo ongajwayelekile (ukububula kwenhliziyo) ofana nokuthi "hr...r...r" ngaphezu kwemisindo evamile yenhliziyo.

Ngemva kwalokhu kuhlolwa kokuqala, kuzokwenziwa ezinye izivivinyo eziningana ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa nokunquma ubukhulu bokuvuza.

Ukuhlolwa okuyinhloko kokuxilongwa

Ukuhlolwa okuyinhloko nokubaluleke kakhulu kokuthola ukuvuza kwevalvu yi-echocardiogram. Sivame ukuyibiza ngokuthi "ukuhlolwa kwe-Echo."

Ngaphezu kokuhlolwa kwe-echo, lezi zivivinyo zingadingeka futhi:

• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi: Hlola ezinye izimo ezithinta inhliziyo.
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-catheterization yenhliziyo: Ukuhlolwa kokuhlola ukuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi yenhliziyo.
• I-X-ray yesifuba: Ukuhlola ukuthi inhliziyo ikhuphukile yini kanye nokwakheka koketshezi emaphashini.
• I-Electrocardiogram (EKG/ECG): Ihlola ukusebenza kukagesi kwenhliziyo ukuze kuhlolwe noma yikuphi ukungahambi kahle kwenhliziyo.
• I-MRI Yenhliziyo: Thola izithombe ezinemininingwane eminingi zenhliziyo nama-valve.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha ukuvuza kwe-valve?

Ukwelashwa kuncike esimweni sakho. Uma ukuvuza kuncane futhi ungenazo izimpawu, ungase ungadingi ukwelashwa. Udokotela wakho uzokutshela ukuthi ubuye uzohlolwa ngezikhathi ezithile. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi "ukuqapha."

Kodwa-ke, uma kunezimpawu noma uma ukuvuza kubangela ukucindezeleka enhliziyweni, kuyadingeka ukwelashwa. Kunezindlela ezintathu zokwelapha eziyinhloko.

1. Imithi: Imithi ayikwazi ukulungisa ivalvu evuzayo. Kodwa-ke, imithi ingasiza ekulawuleni izimpawu, ekuvimbeleni izinkinga, nasekunciphiseni umsebenzi enhliziyweni. Isibonelo, imithi inganikezwa ukuze kususwe uketshezi oluningi emzimbeni, kulawulwe umfutho wegazi, futhi kulawulwe ukushaya kwenhliziyo.

2. Ukuhlinzwa kwe-valve yenhliziyo: Kwenziwa ukuhlinzwa ukuze kulungiswe noma kushintshwe i-valve eyonakele. Noma nini lapho kungenzeka, odokotela bazama ukulungisa i-valve yakho. Uma lokho kungenzeki, kufakwa i-valve yokwenziwa (i-valve yomshini noma yezicubu). Manje, kunezindlela ezingadingi ukusikwa okukhulu esifubeni njengasesikhathini esidlule.

3. Izinqubo ezisekelwe ku-catheter: Lena inqubo elula kunokuhlinzwa. Ipayipi elincane (i-catheter) lifakwa emthanjeni wegazi emlenzeni noma engalweni bese lifakwa enhliziyweni ukuze lithathe indawo ye-valve noma lilungise i-valve ekhona. Le nqubo ayifanele wonke umuntu, futhi inqunywa udokotela wakho.

Udokotela wakho uzoxoxa nawe ngokuthi yikuphi ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu kuwe futhi achaze izinzuzo nezingozi zendlela ngayinye ngaphambi kokwenza isinqumo.

Singakwazi yini ukuvimbela lesi simo?

Asikwazi ukuvimbela ezinye izimbangela, njengokukhubazeka kokuzalwa noma ukuguga. Kodwa-ke, kunezinto eziningi esingazenza ukuze sigcine inhliziyo nama-valve ethu ephilile.

• Gwema ukubhema ngokuphelele. Ukubhema kuyingozi kakhulu enhliziyweni nasemithanjeni yegazi.
• Vivinya umzimba njalo. Ngisho nento elula njengokuhamba ngokushesha imizuzu engama-30 ngosuku, izinsuku ezi-5 ngesonto.
• Landela ukudla okunempilo kwenhliziyo. Nciphisa ukudla okunosawoti omningi, ushukela namafutha. Yidla izithelo, imifino, ubhontshisi kanye nokolweni ophelele.
• Gcina isisindo esinempilo. Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile kuwumthwalo omkhulu enhliziyweni.
• Ungawushayi indiva umphimbo obuhlungu njenge-strep throat, kodwa bonana nodokotela ngokushesha bese uthola ama-antibiotic. Lokhu kungasiza ekuvimbeleni izinkinga ezifana ne-rheumatic fever.

Imibuzo okufanele uyibuze udokotela wakho

Uma uthola ukuthi unalesi simo, kuyinto evamile ukuba nemibuzo eminingi engqondweni yakho. Ungesabi noma ukwethuka, kodwa buza udokotela wakho ngalezi zinto ngokucacile.

• "Dokotela, iyiphi ivalvu enhliziyweni yami evuzayo?"
• "Kungakanani ukuvuza lokhu? (okuncane, okuphakathi, noma okukhulu?)"
• "Yiluphi uhlelo lokwelashwa olungcono kakhulu kimi?"
• "Yiziphi izinguquko okudingeka ngizenze endleleni yami yokuphila?"
• "Kufanele ngibuye kangaki ukuze ngihlolwe?"

Kudingeka nini ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo?

I-valve yenhliziyo evuzayo ngokuvamile ayiyona into ephuthumayo. Kodwa-ke, uma uzwa izimpawu zokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo noma isifo sohlangothi , kusongela impilo. Shayela u-911 ngokushesha noma uye eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela esiseduze.

Izimpawu zokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo: Ubuhlungu obukhulu noma ingcindezi maphakathi nesifuba (lobuhlungu bungasakazekela ezingalweni, emahlombe, emhlathini, noma emhlane), ukujuluka ngokweqile, ubunzima bokuphefumula, kanye nokuquleka.

Izimpawu zesifo sohlangothi: ukugoba kolunye uhlangothi lobuso, ukungazweli kwengalo noma umlenze owodwa, ubunzima bokukhuluma.