Indawo entsha esikhumbeni sakho? Isilonda esingeke siphole? Masiqaphele i-Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC), umdlavuza wesikhumba!

Ngezinye izikhathi sithola amabala amancane, amaqhubu, noma izilonda esikhumbeni sethu ezingapholi, akunjalo? Iningi lethu alizinaki kakhulu. Sicabanga ukuthi, "Mhlawumbe kuyinto encane nje," bese siyakhohlwa ngazo. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi, ngisho noshintsho oluncane kakhulu olufana nalolu lungaba uphawu lokuqala lwesimo esibucayi okudingeka sisinake. Ngakho-ke, sidinga ukwazi ngempela, futhi namuhla sizokhuluma ngohlobo oluvame kakhulu lomdlavuza wesikhumba. Leyo yi-Squamous Cell Carcinoma, esiyibiza ngokuthi i-SCC ngamafuphi.

Kalula nje, iyini i-Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC)?

I-Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC) uhlobo lomdlavuza wesikhumba. Luhlobo lwesibili oluvame kakhulu lomdlavuza wesikhumba eSri Lanka nasemhlabeni jikelele.

Ukuze siqonde lokhu, ake siqale sibheke ukuthi isikhumba sethu senziwe kanjani. Ungqimba oluphezulu lwesikhumba sethu lubizwa ngokuthi i-epidermis . Amaseli ayisicaba kulolu ngqimba abizwa ngokuthi amaseli e-squamous . Lawa maseli abekwe phezu komunye nomunye, njengamathayela odongeni. Ngakho-ke, lapho lawa maseli e-squamous eqala ukukhula ngendlela engavamile futhi engalawuleki, kuvela i-SCC.

Lolu hlobo lomdlavuza luvame ukuvela kakhulu ezindaweni zomzimba wethu ezivezwe elangeni. Isibonelo:

• Ubuso
• Ugebhezi (ikakhulukazi kubantu abanempandla)
• Ama-Earplugs
• Izindebe
• Izandla nemilenze

Kodwa-ke, lo mdlavuza ungakhula nasezindaweni lapho ilanga lingakhanyi khona. Akukhona lokho kuphela, kodwa lolu hlobo lomdlavuza lungavela nasezindaweni lapho kunezimbotshana, njengangaphakathi kwemilomo yethu, amaphaphu kanye ne-rectum.

Yiziphi izinhlobo eziyinhloko zalo mdlavuza?

Umdlavuza we-SCC ungahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko kuye ngokuthi usendaweni engakanani emzimbeni nokuthi usakazeke kanjani.

1. I-Cutaneous SCC: Lolu uhlobo oluvame kakhulu. Lapha, umdlavuza usesikhumbeni kuphela. Lona futhi unezinhlobo ezimbili.

• Esimweni (Isigaba 0): Lapha, amangqamuzana omdlavuza asengxenyeni ephezulu yesikhumba (i-epidermis). Awakasabalali ngokujulile. Lokhu kubizwa nangokuthi isifo sikaBowen . Uma sitholakala kusenesikhathi, singelapheka ngokuphelele.
• Okuhlaseliwe: Lapha, amangqamuzana omdlavuza asakazeke ngale kwengqimba ephezulu yesikhumba futhi angene ezingqimbeni ezingaphansi.

2. I-Metastatic SCC: Lesi yisimo esibi kakhulu. Okwenzekayo lapha ukuthi umdlavuza owawusesikhumbeni ususakazekele kwezinye izitho zomzimba, isibonelo, ama-lymph node, amaphaphu, isibindi, njll. Kodwa izindaba ezinhle ukuthi iphesenti elincane kakhulu lomdlavuza we-SCC usakazeka ngale ndlela. Uma utholakala futhi welashwa kusenesikhathi, le ngozi ingancishiswa kakhulu.

Ziyini izimpawu nezimpawu zomdlavuza we-SCC? Ungazibona kanjani?

Lena yingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukunaka isikhumba sakho njalo. Ngoba izimpawu zokuqala zalo mdlavuza zivela njengezinguquko ezincane esikhumbeni. Lezi zimpawu zingahluka kumuntu nomuntu.

Ithebula elingezansi libala ezinye zezimpawu ezivamile ezingabonakala kumdlavuza we-SCC.

Ubani osengozini enkulu yokuthola lo mdlavuza?

Noma ubani angaba nomdlavuza we-SCC, kodwa abanye abantu basengozini enkulu kancane.

• Abantu abachayeka kakhulu elangeni: Abantu abasebenza elangeni, abalima, noma abaya ogwini lolwandle, kanye nalabo abachitha isikhathi esiningi elangeni kusukela besebancane, basengozini enkulu.
• Abantu abanesikhumba esikhanyayo: I-Melanin, umbala onikeza isikhumba umbala waso, isivikela emisebeni yelanga. Abantu abanesikhumba esikhanyayo bane-melanin encane, ngakho-ke basengozini enkulu yokulimala elangeni. Abantu abanamehlo aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka/aluhlaza kanye nezinwele ezibomvu noma ezimhloshana basengozini enkulu.
• Abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-50 ubudala: Njengoba ukhula, ingozi yokuba nomdlavuza wesikhumba iyanda ngenxa yomonakalo oqongelelekayo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
• Abantu abanezivikeli mzimba ezibuthakathaka: Abantu abaye bafakelwa izitho zomzimba, abanegciwane lesandulela ngculazi, noma abaphuza imithi ecindezela izivikeli mzimba basengozini enkulu.
• Ababhemayo: Ukubhema kuyimbangela enkulu yomdlavuza we-SCC, ikakhulukazi owezindebe nomlomo.
• Abantu abachayeke kumakhemikhali athile: Ukuchayeke ezintweni ezifana ne-arsenic nakho kuyingozi.
• Abantu abake baba nomdlavuza wesikhumba.

Kungani lo mdlavuza uvela? Iyini imbangela?

Lena indaba eyinkimbinkimbi kancane. Kalula nje, kunje. Ngaphakathi kwamaseli ethu kunezinto ezibizwa ngokuthi ama-gene. La ma-gene yiwo atshela amaseli ukuthi asebenze kanjani, ukuthi ahlukane nini, nokuthi afe nini.

Sine-gene ekhethekile emzimbeni wethu ebizwa ngokuthi i-p53 . Kufana nomphathi efektri. Umsebenzi wayo ukulawula ukuhlukana kwamaseli. Ngenxa yokuthi ivimba ukwakheka kwamaseli amaningi kakhulu, siyibiza ngokuthi i-tumor suppressor gene .

Kodwa-ke, uma ivezwa emisebeni ye-UV eyingozi evela elangeni isikhathi eside, lesi sakhi sofuzo esibizwa ngokuthi i-p53 singonakala. Sikubiza ngokuthi ukuguqulwa kwezakhi zofuzo. Okwenzekayo ukuthi lokho kulawula kuyalahleka. Amaseli e-squamous awatholi umyalezo wokuthi "ayeke ukuhlukana manje." Ngakho-ke aqhubeka nokuhlukana ngokungalawuleki, ehlangana ndawonye, ​​​​futhi akhe isimila somdlavuza. Lesi yimbangela eyinhloko yomdlavuza we-SCC.

Udokotela uyixilonga kanjani ngokunembile i-SCC?

Uma utshela udokotela ngebala elisolisayo esikhumbeni sakho, into yokuqala ayenzayo ukulihlola ngokucophelela. Uzobheka izinto ezifana nosayizi walo, ukuma kwalo, umbala walo kanye nokuthungwa kwalo. Ngemuva kwalokho uzokubuza imibuzo embalwa.

• "Kusukela nini ukubonile lokhu?"
• "Ingabe isikhule kakhulu kunangaphambili?"
• "Ingabe kuyaluma? Ingabe kuyabuhlungu? Ingabe kuyopha igazi?"

Bese, ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa okungu-100%, ngokuvamile nge-biopsy yesikhumba.Ngincoma ukwenza eyodwa.

Kuyini i-Skin Biopsy?

Lokhu kuhilela ukufiphaza indawo, ukususa isikhumba esincane kakhulu endaweni esolisayo, bese sisithumela elabhorethri ukuze sihlolwe ngaphansi kwe-microscope. Lokhu kusenza sibone kahle ukuthi akhona yini amangqamuzana omdlavuza kuyo noma cha.

Uma umdlavuza mkhulu noma kukhona ukusola ukuthi ususabalele kakhulu, kungase kwenziwe izivivinyo ezifana ne -CT scan noma i-MRI scan . Lokhu kungasiza ekunqumeni ukuthi umdlavuza ususabalale kangakanani.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha umdlavuza we-SCC?

Kunezindlela eziningana zokwelapha umdlavuza we-SCC. Udokotela wakho uzonquma ukuthi yikuphi ukwelashwa okukulungele. Lokhu kuzoncika ezintweni eziningi, okuhlanganisa ubukhulu, indawo, ukujula komdlavuza, kanye nempilo yakho iyonke.

Izindaba ezinhle kakhulu ukuthi umdlavuza we-SCC ongaphezu kuka-95% ungelapheka ngokuphelele, ikakhulukazi uma utholakala kusenesikhathi!

Nazi ezinye zezindlela zokwelapha eziyinhloko:

• Ukususwa: Lena yindlela yokwelapha evame kakhulu. Iqhubu elinomdlavuza, kanye nesikhumba esincane esinempilo esizungezile, liyasikwa bese lisuswa, bese isikhumba sithungwa ndawonye.
• Ukuhlinzwa kukaMohs: Lena inqubo ekhethekile yokuhlinzwa. Isetshenziswa ikakhulukazi kumdlavuza ezindaweni ezibucayi njengobuso, impumulo, nezindlebe. Lapha, umdlavuza usikwa ube yizingqimba ezincane kakhulu, ngayinye ngayinye, futhi ungqimba ngalunye luhlolwa ngokushesha ngaphansi kwe-microscope. Lokhu kwenziwa kuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi awekho amanye amangqamuzana omdlavuza. Lokhu kusindisa isikhumba esinempilo ngangokunokwenzeka.
• Ukuhlanza kanye nokukhipha umdlavuza nge-Electrodesiccation: Lokhu kuhilela ukukhuhla umdlavuza ngethuluzi elifana nesipuni bese ushisa indawo ngogesi. Lokhu kuvame ukwenziwa kakhulu kumdlavuza omncane, ongaphelele.
• Ukuhlinzwa Okuhlinzayo: Indlela yokubhubhisa amangqamuzana omdlavuza ngokuwaqandisa kusetshenziswa into ebanda kakhulu, njenge-nitrogen ewuketshezi.
• Ukwelashwa Ngemisebe: Lokhu kwelashwa kusetshenziswa ezimweni lapho ukuhlinzwa kungenzeki khona, noma ukubhubhisa noma yimaphi amangqamuzana omdlavuza angase asale ngemva kokuhlinzwa.
• Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali kanye ne-Immunotherapy: Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu lapho umdlavuza ususakazekele kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba (i-metastatic), ukwelashwa ngemithi enikezwa ngendlela yokujova noma amaphilisi kungadingeka.

Singazivikela yini kumdlavuza we-SCC?

Yebo, impela. Kunezinto eziningi esingazenza ukuze sizivikele kulo mdlavuza. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukwenza lokhu kube umkhuba.

• Zivikele elangeni: Gwema ilanga elinamandla ngangokunokwenzeka, ikakhulukazi phakathi kuka-10 ekuseni no-4 ntambama.
• Sebenzisa isithako sokuvikela ilanga: Uma uphuma elangeni, sebenzisa njalo isithako sokuvikela ilanga esibanzi (esivikela kokubili i-UVA ne-UVB) esine-SPF engu-30 noma ngaphezulu. Faka kakhulu ebusweni bakho, entanyeni nasezizandleni.
• Gqoka izingubo zokuzivikela: izingubo ezinemikhono emide, ibhulukwe elide, isigqoko esinompheme obanzi, kanye nezibuko zelanga ezivikelwe yi-UV.
• Gwema imibhede yokushiswa kwesikhumba: Lawa madivayisi ashiswa isikhumba ngokwenziwa ayingozi kakhulu.
• Gwema ukubhema: Ukuyeka ukubhema kunganciphisa kakhulu ingozi yomdlavuza womlomo nezindebe.
• Hlola isikhumba sakho njalo: Okungenani kanye ngenyanga, yima phambi kwesibuko bese uhlola umzimba wakho wonke kusukela ekhanda kuya ozwaneni. Bheka amabala amasha, izimpawu zokuzalwa ezishintshayo, kanye nezilonda ezingeke ziphole.

Uma ubona noma yiziphi izinguquko ezisolisayo esikhumbeni sakho, sicela ungakuzibi. Ungesabi. Bheka udokotela ofanelekayo ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze uthole iseluleko. Ngoba uma usheshe uzibona lezi zinto, kulapho amathuba okululama ngokugcwele eba makhulu khona ngokwelashwa.