Sonke siyayithanda kancane ilanga. Ilanga elincane ekuseni lihle kakhulu emzimbeni. Kodwa ingabe lokhu kuye kwenzeka nakuwe? Ngemva kokuphuma ngosuku olunelanga, kusihlwa, uqala ukuba namaqhubu amancane abomvu emzimbeni wakho, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezazivezwe elangeni, futhi aqala ukulunywa ngendlela engabekezeleleki. Kwabanye, lokhu kuyinto encane, kodwa kwabanye, kuba nzima kangangokuthi abakwazi ngisho nokwenza imisebenzi yabo yansuku zonke. Ngakho-ke namuhla sizokhuluma ngalokhu 'kungezwani nelanga' noma i-Sun Allergy , abantu abaningi abanakho kodwa abangazi ngakho.
Kalula nje, kuyini ukungezwani nelanga?
Ukungezwani Nelanga, kafushane nje, kuyimpendulo engafuneki, eyeqile evela ohlelweni lokuzivikela lomzimba wakho lapho isikhumba sakho sichayeka elangeni. Lokhu kusho ukuthi umzimba wakho ucabanga ukuthi ukukhanya kwelanga, okuvame ukuba yingozi, kuyisongo bese uqala ukulwa nakho. Lokhu kusabela kubangela isikhumba esibomvu, esilumayo, nesiqhumayo. Kwabanye, lesi simo sincane futhi siphela phakathi nosuku noma ezimbili. Kwabanye, singaba sibi kakhulu.
Ingabe zikhona izinhlobo eziyinhloko zokungezwani nelanga?
Yebo, kunezinhlobo eziningana eziyinhloko ze-Sun Allergy. Akuzona zonke izinhlobo ze-allergy ezifanayo. Lezi zihlukaniswa ngokwendlela ezenzeka ngayo, uhlobo lomonakalo esikhumbeni, kanye nembangela. Ake sibone ukuthi yiziphi izinhlobo eziyinhloko.
| Uhlobo Lokungezwani Nomzimba | Izici kanye nencazelo |
|---|---|
| I-Actinic prurigo | Lokhu kubangela amaqhubu aphezulu (ama-papules noma ama-nodule) esikhumbeni. Ngezinye izikhathi lokhu kungavela ezindaweni ezingazange zibekwe elangeni. Kutholakale ukuthi kunesixhumanisi sofuzo. |
| Ukusabela kwe-Photoallergic | Lokhu kuhlukile kancane. Kwenzeka lapho ikhemikhali oyibeka esikhumbeni sakho (isibonelo, i-sunscreen, amakha, izimonyo, noma eminye imithi) isabela ekukhanyeni kwelanga. Kungathatha amahora ambalwa noma izinsuku ezimbalwa ukuthi izimpawu zibonakale. |
| Ukuqhuma kokukhanya okune-polymorphous (PMLE) | Lolu uhlobo oluvame kakhulu. Luvame kakhulu kwabesifazane, abantu abanesikhumba esikhanyayo, kanye nabantu abasebasha. Lubonakala njengamaqhubu amancane, amabala, noma izilonda emahoreni ambalwa ngemva kokukhanya kwelanga. |
| I-urticaria yelanga | Yilapho isikhumba siqala ukuba 'namaqhubu', noma lokho esikubiza ngokuthi 'ukushiswa yilanga', kungakapheli imizuzu embalwa sishiswe yilanga. Izimpawu zingaba zincane kakhulu kuya kwezinzima kakhulu. |
Ubani onamathuba amaningi okuba nomdlavuza welanga?
Noma ubani angaba nomdlavuza welanga, kodwa abanye abantu basengozini enkulu.
- Umlando womndeni: Uma othile emndenini wakho enalolu hlobo lokungezwani komzimba, kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi nawe ube nalo.
- Umbala wesikhumba: Ezinye izinhlobo (njenge-PMLE) zivame kakhulu kubantu abanesikhumba esikhanyayo. Ezinye (njenge-actinic prurigo) zivame kakhulu kubantu abanesikhumba esimnyama.
- Imithi ethile: Uma usebenzisa imithi ethile, amakhemikhali akuleyo mithi angenza isikhumba sakho sizwele kakhulu elangeni (photosensitivity). Lokhu kungabangela ukungezwani komzimba.
Imithi eyenza isikhumba sizwele elangeni
Uma usebenzisa lolu hlobo lwemithi, kudingeka uqaphele kancane uma uphuma elangeni.
- Ama-antibiotic
- Imithi yokulwa nesikhunta
- Ama-Antihistamine - Eminye imithi yokungezwani komzimba nayo ingabangela lokhu.
- Imithi yokwehlisa i-cholesterol
- Imithi yokuhlanza
- Imithi equkethe ama-hormone (isib. amaphilisi okuvimbela inzalo)
- Ama-Painkiller (Imithi elwa nokuvuvukala engeyona eye-steroidal - ama-NSAID)
- Ama-Retinoids - Uhlobo lokhilimu olusetshenziselwa ukwelapha induna kanye nemibimbi yesikhumba.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi, uma usebenzisa umuthi onjengalona, ungawuyeki ngokuzumayo. Khuluma nodokotela wakho bese uthola iseluleko ngalokho ongakwenza ukuze uzivikele elangeni.
Ziyini izimpawu zokungezwani nelanga?
Izimpawu zokungezwani nelanga zingabonakala zingakapheli imizuzu, amahora, noma ngisho nezinsuku ngemuva kokuchayeka elangeni. Ubukhulu balezi zimpawu buxhomeke ezintweni eziningana.
- Ubukade isikhathi esingakanani elangeni.
- Yeka ukuthi ilanga linamandla kangakanani (ilanga linamandla ntambama kunasekuseni).
- Inani lomzimba wakho owavezwa elangeni.
Ngezansi kunezimpawu ezivame kakhulu.
| Izimpawu zesikhumba | Ezinye izimpawu ezinzima ezingase zenzeke |
|---|---|
|
Ngingazi kanjani ukuthi nginesifo sokungezwani nelanga?
Uma unalezi zimpawu, into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukubona udokotela womndeni wakho. Uma kudingeka, uzokudlulisela kudokotela wesikhumba . Udokotela uzosebenzisa izindlela eziningana ukuthola lesi simo.
1. Bazokubuza imibuzo eminingi: Ziyini izimpawu zakho, usunesikhathi esingakanani unazo, ingabe zenzeka kuphela uma uphuma elangeni, yimiphi imithi oyisebenzisayo, kanye nemikhiqizo yokunakekela isikhumba oyisebenzisayo.
2. Ukuhlolwa kokukhanya: Lokhu kuhilela ukuqondisa izinhlobo ezahlukene zemisebe yokukhanya yokwenziwa endaweni encane yesikhumba sakho ngendlela elawulwayo nokubona ukuthi isikhumba sakho sisabela kanjani ekukhanyeni.
3. Ukuhlolwa kwe-patch: Uma usola ukuthi une-allergy esikhumbeni sakho, kufakwa i-patch encane equkethe ikhemikhali emhlane wakho bese kukhanya kuyo ukuze kubonakale ukuthi kukhona yini ukusabela.
4. I-biopsy yesikhumba: Lokhu kwenziwa kaningi kakhulu. Kulokhu, kuthathwa isampula encane kakhulu yesikhumba.Bathatha ingxenye encane bese beyihlola ngaphansi kwe-microscope.
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha ukungezwani nelanga?
Ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu nokulula kwalokhu ukuhlala kude nelanga ngangokunokwenzeka. Kodwa-ke, njengoba kunzima ukwenza kanjalo ngaso sonke isikhathi, udokotela wakho angase atuse ezinye izindlela zokwelapha.
- Ama-Antihistamine: Lawa asiza ukulawula ukulunywa nokuvuvukala. (Isibonelo: iLoratadine, iCetirizine)
- Okhilimu be-corticosteroid: Lawa asetshenziswa esikhumbeni ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala nokubomvu.
- Ama-corticosteroids omlomo: Uma ukungezwani komzimba kukhulu, anikezwa ngomlomo isikhathi esifushane. (Isib: i-Prednisone)
- Umuthi wokugomela i-Omalizumab: Lo muthi wokugomela usetshenziswa kwezinye izimo ezinzima.
- Ukwelashwa nge-Phototherapy: Lokhu kuyindlela yokwelapha yesikhathi eside. Kuhilela ukudalula isikhumba sakho kancane kancane emisebeni ye-ultraviolet ngaphansi kokuqashwa ngudokotela ngendlela elawulwayo. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, isikhumba sakho sijwayelana nemisebe yelanga.
Yini okufanele ngiyenze ukuze ngivimbele ukungezwani nelanga?
Kulula ukuvimbela ukungezwani komzimba kunokukwelapha uma sekukhona. Nazi ezinye izinto ongayenza ngakho.
- Kancane kancane jwayela ilanga: Ekuqaleni konyaka, esikhundleni sokuchitha isikhathi esiningi elangeni ngesikhathi esisodwa, yandisa ukukhanya kwakho kancane kancane phakathi nosuku. Lokhu kuzovumela isikhumba sakho ukuba sijwayelane nalo.
- Gwema ilanga elinamandla: Noma nini lapho kungenzeka, gwema ilanga elinamandla phakathi kuka-10 ekuseni no-4 ntambama. Hlala endlini noma emthunzini phakathi nalezi zikhathi.
- Gqoka izingubo zokuzivikela: Uma uphuma ngaphandle, gqoka izingubo ezinemikhono emide, ibhulukwe elide, nesigqoko esinomphetho obanzi.
- Sebenzisa isivikelo selanga esihle: Khetha isivikelo selanga esine-SPF engama-30 noma ngaphezulu esivikela emisebeni ye-UVA kanye ne-UVB. Faka kakhulu imizuzu engama-20 ngaphambi kokuya ngaphandle. Phinda ufake njalo emahoreni amabili uma ujuluka noma ubhukuda.
- Qaphela izinto ezikhulisa ukuzwela: Uma udokotela wakho ethi umuthi noma amafutha owasebenzisayo abangela lesi simo, khuluma naye ngakho bese uthola enye indlela.
Yiziphi izimo ezibucayi ezidinga usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha?
Ukungezwani nelanga kuvame ukubangela izimpawu zesikhumba. Kodwa-ke, ezimweni ezingavamile, izimpawu ezinzima zingavela. Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezilandelayo, hamba ngokushesha esibhedlela esiphuthumayo (ETU).
- Ubunzima bokuphefumula noma ukugwinya
- Ubuhlungu besifuba
- Ikhanda elibuhlungu kakhulu
- Ubuthakathaka obukhulu obungazelelwe
- Ukuquleka
- Ubuhlungu obukhulu besisu noma ukuhlanza
- Ukuqaqamba kwemisipha
Lezi zimpawu zingaba izimpawu zokusabela okukhulu kokungezwani komzimba (i-anaphylaxis), ngakho-ke kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthatha isinyathelo ngokushesha ezimweni ezinjalo.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ukungezwani Nelanga kuyisimo sangempela sokungezwani nelanga esenzeka uma ubhekene nelanga. Akuyona inkinga yesikhumba kuphela.
- Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zalokhu. Kubalulekile ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha ukuze uthole ukuthi hlobo luni onalo.
- Isivikelo esingcono kakhulu ukugwema ilanga. Kubalulekile ukuhlala kude nelanga ngesikhathi sokukhanya kwelanga okunamandla, ukugqoka izingubo zokuzivikela, nokusebenzisa isivikelo selanga.
- Uma usola ukuthi une-allergy yelanga, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela ukuze akuqinisekise futhi uthole ukwelashwa okufanele.
- Uma uzwa izimpawu ezinzima njengobunzima bokuphefumula noma ukuquleka, kubheke njengesimo esiphuthumayo bese uya esibhedlela ngokushesha.
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