Namuhla sizokhuluma ngesihloko esingavunyelwe ukuselapha, kodwa sibaluleke kakhulu. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu kwabesilisa abasebasha. Wake wazizwa okuthile okuhlukile, njengesigaxa esincane, emasendeni akho? Kuvamile ukuzizwa wesaba kancane uma uzizwa into efana naleyo. Kodwa ngaphambi kokuba wesabe, kungcono ukuqaphela ngokugcwele lokhu. Ngoba umdlavuza wamasende uyisifo esingelapheka ngokuphelele uma sitholakala kusenesikhathi.
Uyini ngempela umdlavuza wamasende?
Kalula nje, umdlavuza wamasende uvela lapho amangqamuzana asemasindeni eqala ukukhula ngendlela engavamile futhi engalawuleki. Lokhu kukhula kwamangqamuzana kubangela ukwakheka kweqhubu noma isimila.
Manje ake sibheke ukuthi ayini ama-testicle nokuthi enzani. Ama-testicle amabili emzimbeni wakho afana nama-walnuts amabili. Atholakala esikhwameni sesikhumba ngaphansi nje kwepenisi. Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi i-scrotum. Anemisebenzi emibili eyinhloko:
1. Ukukhiqizwa kwesidoda.
2. Ukukhiqizwa kwe-testosterone, i-hormone yesilisa.
Njenganoma yimuphi umdlavuza, lesi yisimo esibucayi. Kodwa izindaba ezinhle ukuthi umdlavuza wamasende uyisifo esingelapheka kakhulu esingelapheka ngokuphelele.
Yiziphi izinhlobo eziyinhloko zalo mdlavuza?
Cishe u-90% womdlavuza wamasende uvela kumaseli egciwane, amangqamuzana ayinhloko akhiqiza isidoda. Lawa ahlukaniswe ngezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko. Ukwazi umehluko phakathi kwalokhu okubili kubalulekile ekunqumeni ukwelashwa.
| Uhlobo lomdlavuza | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| I-Seminoma | Lolu hlobo luvame ukukhula kancane futhi luvame kakhulu kubantu abaneminyaka ephakathi kuka-40 no-50. |
| I-Non-seminoma | Lolu hlobo lukhula ngokushesha kune-seminoma. Luthinta kakhulu intsha, okungukuthi, labo abaneminyaka ephakathi kwengu-15-35. Kunezinhlobo eziningana zalezi. |
Ngezinye izikhathi, isimila somdlavuza singaqukatha ingxube yazo zombili izinhlobo zamaseli.
Sivame kangakanani lesi sifo?
Umdlavuza wamasende empeleni uyisifo esingavamile. Uthinta cishe oyedwa kwabesilisa abangu-250. Kodwa-ke, okukhethekile ngawo ukuthi uhlobo lomdlavuza oluvame kakhulu kwabesilisa abaneminyaka ephakathi kuka-15 no-35 .
Ungayibona kanjani? Ziyini izimpawu?
Uphawu oluvame kakhulu lomdlavuza wamasende yiqhubu elingenabuhlungu emasendeni, kodwa kungase kube nezinye izimpawu eziningana.
Into ebalulekile ukuthi lezi zimpawu zingabangelwa nezinye izimo zezokwelapha. Ngakho-ke ungesabi uma uzibona. Kodwa, ungazinaki futhi. Ngokuqinisekile bonana nodokotela bese uhlolwa.
| Isibonakaliso | Kuchazwe kalula |
|---|---|
| Iqhubu noma ukuvuvukala | Ukuzwa iqhubu noma ukuvuvukala kwelinye noma womabili amasende. Lokhu kuvame ukungabi buhlungu. |
| Umuzwa wokusinda esiswini | Umuzwa wokusinda esinqeni sesisu noma umuzwa woketshezi olusigcwalisayo. |
| Ubuhlungu obungamaphupho | Ubuhlungu obungazwakali esiswini noma endaweni yengquza engezansi. |
| Ubuhlungu noma ukungakhululeki | Ukuzwa ubuhlungu noma ukungakhululeki emasendeni noma emathunjini. |
| Ukuncishiswa kwamasende | Ubuncane noma ukushwabana kwesende elilodwa (ukuwohloka kwesende). |
Ukuhlehlisa ukuxilongwa kwandisa isikhathi esithathwayo ukuze amangqamuzana omdlavuza asakazeke. Lokhu kwenza ukwelashwa kube nzima kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthatha isinyathelo ngokushesha.
Yiziphi izici eziyingozi zokuthola umdlavuza wamasende?
Imbangela eqondile yomdlavuza wamasende ayaziwa okwamanje. Kodwa-ke, abacwaningi bathole ukuthi izici ezithile zingandisa amathuba, noma ingozi, yokuthola lesi sifo. Lezi zibizwa ngokuthi izici eziyingozi.
- Ubudala: Kuvame kakhulu kubantu abaneminyaka ephakathi kuka-15 no-35.
- Amasende angakaphumi: Ngokuvamile, amasende akhula esiswini njengoba umbungu ukhula esibelethweni . Ahlala esinqeni ngaphambi kokuzalwa. Ngezinye izikhathi, lokhu akwenzeki. Ngisho noma lesi simo silungiswa ngokuhlinzwa, kwandisa ingozi yokuba nomdlavuza wamasende esikhathini esizayo.
- Umlando womndeni: Uma ubaba wakho noma umfowenu eke waba nalesi sifo, usengozini enkulu yokuba naso. Ezinye izimo zofuzo (njenge-Klinefelter Syndrome) nazo zingandisa ingozi yakho.
- Ukuba nomdlavuza kwelinye isende: Umuntu oselaphekile umdlavuza kwelinye isende unengozi encane yokuba nomdlavuza kwelinye isende.
- Ukungazali: Ezinye izifundo ziphakamise ukuthi kungase kube nokuxhumana phakathi kwezici ezithile ezithinta ukungazali kwabesilisa kanye nomdlavuza wamasende. Lokhu kusacwaningwa kabanzi.
Dokotela, ukuxilonga kanjani lokhu?
Uma uya kudokotela, uzokwenza izivivinyo eziningana ukuze athole lesi sifo. Ungakhathazeki, ake sibone ukuthi lezi zinyathelo ziyini.
1. Ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba kanye nomlando wezokwelapha: Okokuqala, udokotela uzokubuza ngezimpawu zakho. Ngemuva kwalokho, uzohlola amasende akho ngokomzimba ukuze ahlole noma yiziphi izigaxa noma ukuvuvukala. Uma kukhona ukungabaza kokuthi umdlavuza ususakazekile, ama-lymph node nawo angahlolwa.
2. I-Ultrasound Scan: Uma kutholakala into engavamile ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa, i-ultrasound scan ivame ukuba yisinyathelo esilandelayo. Lokhu ukuhlolwa okungenabuhlungu. Kungakunikeza isithombe esicacile salokho okungaphakathi kwamasende. Kungakutshela okuningi ngokuthi iqhubu liqinile noma ligcwele uketshezi, nokuthi kungenzeka kangakanani ukuthi libe nomdlavuza.
3. Ukuhlinzwa kanye ne-Biopsy (Inguinal Orchiectomy kanye ne-Biopsy):Uma ukuhlolwa kubonisa ngokuqinile ukuthi umdlavuza ukhona, isinyathelo esilandelayo ukususa isende elithintekile ngokuhlinzwa. Lokhu kwenziwa ngokusikwa okuncane endaweni yembobo. Ingcezu yesende elisusiwe iyathathwa bese ihlolwa ngaphansi kwe-microscope (i-biopsy). Lokhu kuhlolwa kuzoqinisekisa ukuthi akhona yini amangqamuzana omdlavuza noma cha.
Ezinye izivivinyo ezingadingeka
- Ukuhlolwa Kokumaka Kwesimila Segazi: Ezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza zikhipha izinto ezithile egazini. Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi 'amamaki esimila'. Kumdlavuza wamasende, amazinga 'e-AFP', 'HCG' kanye ne-'LDH' angakhushulwa. Ngokubheka amazinga alokhu, singathola umbono othile ngohlobo lomdlavuza kanye nokusabalala kwawo.
- Ukuskena kwe-CT, ama-X-ray, kanye nama-MRI: Lokhu kuskena kusetshenziselwa ukubona ukuthi umdlavuza ususakazekele kwezinye izindawo ezingaphandle kwesende, isibonelo, kuma-lymph node esiswini, emaphashini, noma ebuchosheni.
Ziyini izigaba zomdlavuza?
Uma ukuxilongwa sekuqinisekisiwe, udokotela uzonquma isigaba somdlavuza. Lokhu kusho ukuthi umdlavuza ususakazeke kangakanani. Ukwelashwa kuhlelwa ngokusekelwe kulesi sigaba.
- Isigaba 0: Amaseli angajwayelekile akhulile, kodwa asengaphakathi kwesende.
- Isigaba I: Umdlavuza ukhawulelwe kumasende.
- Isigaba II: Umdlavuza ususakazekele kuma-lymph node ngemuva kwesisu.
- Isigaba sesi-3: Umdlavuza ususakazekele kuma-lymph node angaphandle kwesisu noma kwezinye izitho ezifana namaphaphu, isibindi, noma ubuchopho.
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha lokhu?
Indlela yokwelapha incike ezintweni eziningana, njengesimo sakho sempilo, uhlobo lomdlavuza, kanye nesigaba somdlavuza.
| Indlela yokwelapha | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Ukuhlinzwa | Ukwelashwa okuyinhloko nokuvame kakhulu ukususwa kwe-testicle enomdlavuza (`Radical inguinal orchiectomy`). Kwezinye izimo, uma umdlavuza ususakazeke, ukuhlinzwa kokususa ama-testicle esiswini (`RPLND`) nakho kungenziwa. |
| Ukwelashwa Ngemisebe | Lokhu kuhilela ukusebenzisa ama-X-ray anamandla amakhulu ukubhubhisa amangqamuzana omdlavuza. Ngokuvamile isetshenziswa kuma-seminoma, uhlobo lomdlavuza, ukuvimbela lesi sifo ukuthi singabuyi ngemva kokuhlinzwa. |
| Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali | Lokhu kuhilela ukunikeza umzimba imithi ebulala amangqamuzana omdlavuza. Le mithi inganikezwa ngemithambo noma njengamaphilisi. Lokhu kwelashwa kubaluleke kakhulu ezimweni lapho umdlavuza ususakazeke khona. |
Ingabe lesi sifo singalapheka ngokuphelele?
Yebo! Impela. Lona umyalezo omuhle kakhulu nobaluleke kakhulu mayelana nomdlavuza wamasende.
Umdlavuza wamasende yisifo esingelashwa ngempumelelo futhi silapheke ngokuphelele ngesilinganiso sempumelelo esingaphezu kuka-95%. Uma lesi sifo sitholakala kusenesikhathi, okungukuthi, ezigabeni zokuqala, izinga lokuphulukiswa liphezulu lifinyelela ku-98%.
Ngakho-ke, lesi sifo asivamile ukubulala. Isihluthulelo lapha ukutholakala kusenesikhathi kanye nokwelashwa okufanele.
Ngisho noma ungakwazi ukukuvimbela, ungakubona ngokushesha! - Ukuzihlola
Ayikho indlela eqinisekile yokuvimbela umdlavuza wamasende. Kodwa kukhona into eyodwa ebaluleke kakhulu ongayenza. Lokho ukwenza ukuhlolwa kwamasende nyanga zonke (i-TSE). Lokhu kuzokunikeza umbono omuhle ngesimo esijwayelekile samasende akho. Ngemuva kwalokho, uma kukhona ushintsho olungavamile, njengesigaxa, ungasibona ngokushesha.
Lokhu kuzothatha cishe imizuzu emibili.
Nansi indlela yokuzihlola:
1. Khetha isikhathi esingcono kakhulu: Kungcono ukukwenza lokhu ngesikhathi ugeza ngamanzi ashisayo noma ngemva nje kokugeza. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ukushisa kukhulula isikhumba se-scrotum, okwenza kube lula ukuzwa okungaphakathi.
2. Hlola isende elilodwa: Beka iminwe yakho yokukhomba neyephakathi ngaphansi kwesende, bese usithupha sakho sibekwe phezulu. Manje, hlola isende ngokuligoqa phakathi kweminwe yakho.
3. Thola okujwayelekile: Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa, uzozwa isakhiwo esifana nentambo ngemuva naphezulu kwesende. Sibizwa ngokuthi i-epididymis. Sigcina futhi sithuthe isidoda. Ungadidanisi lokhu neqhubu. Kuvamile futhi ukuthi amasende amabili ahluke kancane ngobukhulu.
4.Qaphela izinto ezingavamile: Uma uhlola ngale ndlela, bheka noma yiziphi izimila ezintsha, amaqhubu, ukuqina, noma ukuvuvukala okunobukhulu bephizi noma okukhulu.
5. Hlola elinye isende ngendlela efanayo.
Uma ubona noma yikuphi ukuqunjelwa, ukuvuvukala, ushintsho ngobukhulu, noma yini enye engavamile, ungesabi noma ulibale, bona udokotela ngokushesha.
Ukwelashwa kuzoba namuphi umthelela empilweni yami?
Abantu abaningi banemibuzo ngokuthi kuzokwenzekani empilweni yabo yocansi kanye nekhono lokuba nabantwana uma kususwa isende.
Ngokuvamile, isende elilodwa eliphilile lingakhiqiza i-testosterone eyanele umzimba. Ngakho-ke, isifiso sobulili asinciphi. Ukuqina nokuphuma komchamo kufanele kwenzeke ngendlela evamile.
Futhi, isende elilodwa lanele ukuba ngumzali wabantwana. Kodwa uma unokungabaza noma ukwesaba ngakho, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuqala ukwelashwa. Uma kudingeka, isidoda sakho singaqoqwa ngaphambi kokwelashwa futhi sigcinwe ngokuphephile ukuze sisetshenziswe esikhathini esizayo. Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi i-sperm banking.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Umdlavuza wamasende uyisifo esingavamile, kodwa uhlobo lomdlavuza oluvame kakhulu kubantu besilisa abasebasha abaneminyaka ephakathi kuka-15 no-35.
- Uphawu oluvame kakhulu yiqhubu elingenabuhlungu e-testicle.
- Zenze umkhuba ukuzihlola kanye ngenyanga. Lokhu kuzokusiza ukuthi ubone noma yiziphi izinguquko ngokushesha.
- Uma ubona noma yiziphi izinguquko ezingavamile (isigaxa, ukuvuvukala, ubuhlungu), ungesabi, ungabi namahloni, futhi ungalibali . Bonana nodokotela ngokushesha.
- Lesi sifo singalapheka ngokuphelele ngesilinganiso sokwelashwa esingaphezu kuka-95% uma sitholakala kusenesikhathi. Ngakho-ke, ukuqwashisa kanye nesenzo sokuqala yizinto ezibaluleke kakhulu.
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