Kuvamile ukuzizwa wesaba futhi ukhathazekile kancane lapho udokotela wakho ekutshela ukuthi izinga lakho le-PSA liphezulu kancane ekuhlolweni kwegazi kwakamuva. Abantu abaningi bacabanga ukuthi izinga eliphakeme le-PSA liwuphawu lomdlavuza wendlala. Ngakho-ke akuyona into engavamile ukwethuka uma ubona umbiko onjengalona. Kodwa ingabe kunjalo ngempela? Ingabe umdlavuza uhlala ubangela i-PSA ephezulu? Ake sixoxe ngalokhu ngokucacile, kalula, nangendlela ongayiqonda.
Okokuqala, ake sibone ukuthi iyini le PSA.
Kalula nje, i-PSA isifinyezo se -Prostate-Specific Antigen . Lena iphrotheni ekhiqizwa yi-prostate gland yendoda, i-gland encane etholakala ngaphansi kwesinye.
Ngokuvamile, inani elithile lale phrotheni ye-PSA liqongelela egazini. Kodwa uma i-prostate gland ithintwa yisifo, ukutheleleka, noma umdlavuza, i-gland iqala ukukhipha i-PSA eningi kunokujwayelekile egazini. Odokotela benza ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwe-PSA ukuze balinganise izinga le-PSA egazini lakho.
Kukuliphi izinga lapho inani le-PSA libhekwa 'njengeliphezulu'?
Nansi into ebalulekile okufanele uyiqonde. Akukho inani elilodwa 'elijwayelekile' le-PSA elifanela wonke umuntu. Esikhathini esidlule, amanani e-PSA angaphezu kuka-4.0 ng/ml (ama-nanogram e-PSA nge-milliliter yegazi) ayebhekwa njengesizathu sokuhlolwa okuqhubekayo.
Kodwa manje odokotela ababheki nje kuphela izinga le-PSA. Kunalokho, bacabangela nezici ezifana neminyaka yakho, impilo iyonke, kanye nomlando wezokwelapha womndeni . Isibonelo, kungase kube nomehluko phakathi kwezinga le-PSA elijwayelekile lendoda eneminyaka engu-45 ubudala kanye nezinga elijwayelekile lendoda eneminyaka engu-70 ubudala. Njengoba ukhula, i-prostate ngokwemvelo iba nkulu kancane, ngakho-ke kuvamile ukuthi izinga le-PSA likhuphuke kancane.
Ngakho-ke, ukunquma ukuthi izinga lakho le-PSA liphezulu noma cha kunqunywa ngokuliqhathanisa nobudala bakho kanye nolunye ulwazi lwezempilo.
Ingabe i-PSA ephezulu isho umdlavuza?
Lona ngumbuzo owesabisa abantu abaningi. Impendulo emfushane ithi, cha! Izinga le-PSA eliphakeme lodwa aliqinisekisi ngokuphelele ukuthi unomdlavuza. Izinga le-PSA eliphakeme liwuphawu nje lokuthi kunobungozi benkinga ethile ngendlala ye-prostate.
Uma udokotela ehlola ingozi yakho yomdlavuza, ugxila ezintweni ezimbili eziyinhloko:
1. Izinga le-PSA: Uma inani liphezulu, kulapho ingozi yomdlavuza ingaba phezulu khona.
2. Ukwanda okuqhubekayo kwenani:Uma inani liqhubeka nokukhuphuka ezinyangeni eziningana zokuhlolwa, kunokuba likhuphuke kanye kuphela, kuphakamisa izinsolo eziphezulu zomdlavuza.
Ake sicabange ngengozi. Lokhu kumane kuyithuba.
| Izinga le-PSA (ng/ml) | Amathuba okuba nomdlavuza wendlala yesinye aphansi kakhulu |
|---|---|
| Ngaphansi kuka-4.0 | Cishe ithuba elingu-15%. |
| Phakathi kuka-4.0 no-10.0 | Cishe amathuba angu-25% (lokhu kubhekwa njengendawo eyingozi). |
| Ngaphezu kuka-10.0 | Amathuba angaphezu kuka-50%. |
Njengoba ubona kuleli thebula, noma ngabe inani le-PSA lingaphezu kuka-10, kusenethuba elingama-50% lokuthi umdlavuza uzophela. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukungesabi bese uthatha izinyathelo ezilandelayo njengoba udokotela esho.
Ngakho-ke yiziphi ezinye izizathu ezingabangela ukuthi i-PSA ikhuphuke ngaphandle komdlavuza?
Yebo, kunezinye izimbangela eziningi ezingezona ezomdlavuza zamazinga aphezulu e-PSA. Ezinye zalezi zivamile kakhulu.
- I-Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH): Lokhu akuwona umdlavuza. Njengoba amadoda ekhula, i-prostate yawo iyakhula ngokwemvelo. Lesi yisimo esivame kakhulu. Njengoba i-gland ikhula, inani le-PSA eliyikhiqizayo nalo liyakhula.
- I-Prostatitis: Ukwanda okungazelelwe kwamazinga e-PSA kungabangelwa nawukutheleleka ngamagciwane noma okunye ukuvuvukala noma ukuvuvukala kwendlala ye-prostate.
- Ukutheleleka Kwendlela Yomchamo (UTIs): Amazinga e-PSA angakhuphuka okwesikhashana noma ngabe kukhona ukutheleleka kwendlela yomchamo.
- Ukuba ne-catheter yomchamo: Uma une-catheter yomchamo endaweni nganoma yisiphi isizathu, ingacasula indlala ye-prostate futhi ibangele amazinga e-PSA akhuphuke.
- Ukuhlolwa noma izinqubo ezithile zezokwelapha: Amazinga e-PSA angakhuphuka okwesikhashana ngemva kokuhlolwa okuhlobene ne-prostate.
- Eminye imithi:Eminye imithi, njengokwelashwa ngama-hormone njenge-testosterone, ingabangela noshintsho emazingeni e-PSA.
Yini udokotela ayenzayo ngokulandelayo uma i-PSA iphakanyisiwe?
Uma izinga lakho le-PSA liphezulu, udokotela wakho ngeke esabe futhi athathe noma yiziphi izinqumo ezinkulu ngokushesha. Into yokuqala okufanele uyenze ukuzama ukuthola imbangela. Ungalandela lezi zinyathelo ukuze wenze kanjalo.
1. Phinda ukuhlolwa kwe-PSA: Ngezinye izikhathi ukuhlolwa kwe-PSA kuyaphindwa emavikini noma ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ukuze kubonakale ukuthi inani liye lehla, lihlale lifana, noma likhuphuke kakhulu.
2. Ukuhlolwa Kwe-Digital Rectal (DRE): Udokotela ufaka umunwe ogqokwe ngegilavu e-rectum bese ethinta i-prostate gland. Lokhu kuhlolwa kunganikeza umbono ocacile wokuthi kukhona yini amaqhubu angajwayelekile, ukukhula, noma ezinye izinguquko e-gland.
3. Ezinye izivivinyo: Uma kudingeka, kungacelwa izivivinyo zokuthwebula izithombe ezifana ne-MRI scan noma i-Transrectal Ultrasound scan.
4. I-Prostate Biopsy: Lokhu kuhlolwa kwenziwa kuphela uma kukhona ukusola okukhulu ngomdlavuza ngemva kokuhlolwa okungenhla. Lapha, kuthathwa izingcezu ezimbalwa ezincane kakhulu zezicubu ku-prostate bese zihlolwa ngaphansi kwe-microscope ukuze kubonakale ukuthi kukhona yini amangqamuzana omdlavuza. Lena yindlela kuphela yokuqiniseka nge-100% ukuthi ukhona yini umdlavuza noma cha.
Yini okufanele uyenze uma umdlavuza uqinisekisiwe?
Ngisho noma kutholakale ukuthi unomdlavuza, ungesabi. Iningi lomdlavuza we-prostate likhula kancane kakhulu. Ngezinye izikhathi, akudingeki ukwelashwa, ukuqapha okusebenzayo kuphela. Uma kudingeka ukwelashwa, kunezinketho ezahlukene, njengokuhlinzwa (`i-Prostatectomy`), ukwelashwa ngemisebe (`i-Radiation Therapy`), kanye nokwelashwa ngama-hormone. Udokotela wakho uzoxoxa nawe ngokwelashwa okungcono kakhulu kuwe.
Ingabe kukhona izinto esingazenza ukulawula amazinga e-PSA?
Ezinye izifundo zibonise ukuthi ukwenza izinguquko ezithile zendlela yokuphila kanye nokudla kungasiza ekulawuleni amazinga e-PSA ngezinga elithile. Kodwa-ke, lokhu akusikho esikhundleni sokwelashwa kwezokwelapha, kodwa kuyizinto ezingeziwe kuphela.
- Ukudla okucebile nge-lycopene: Izithelo ezibomvu/ezipinki njengotamatisi, ikhabe, kanye ne-guava zicebile ngalesi sakhi. Lokhu kukholakala ukuthi kusiza ukulawula ukukhula kwamangqamuzana omdlavuza.
- Ukudla okucebile ngemifino nezithelo: Ukubeka phambili ukudla okusekelwe ezitshalweni kuthuthukisa amasosha omzimba.
- Ukuzivocavoca: Ukuzivocavoca okufana nokuhamba nokuphakamisa izinsimbi kungasiza ekunciphiseni amazinga e-PSA.
- I-Vitamin D: I-Vitamin D iqinisa amasosha omzimba. Ingatholakala ngokuchayeka elangeni, ukudla okufana nobisi kanye nojusi wewolintshi, futhi, uma kudingeka, ngezithasiselo ezinikezwa iseluleko sezokwelapha.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Izinga le-PSA eliphakeme akusho ukuthi unomdlavuza wendlala. Kumane kuyisici esiyingozi.
- Amazinga e-PSA angakhuphuka ngenxa yezimbangela ezivame kakhulu ezingezona ezomdlavuza, njenge-benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) noma ukutheleleka (i-prostatitis).
- Ungalokothi wenze izinqumo mayelana nombiko wakho we-PSA wedwa. Xoxa njalo ngawo nodokotela wakho bese ulandela iseluleko sakhe.
- Kuwukuhlakanipha ukwenza ukuhlolwa kwe-PSA njalo ngemva kweminyaka engu-50 (noma ngemva kweminyaka engu-40 uma kunomlando womndeni womdlavuza).
- Uma unezimpawu ezifana nobunzima bokuchama, ukuchama njalo, noma igazi emchameni, kubalulekile ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha, noma ngabe izinga lakho le-PSA lijwayelekile.
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