Ingabe izitho zakho zomzimba zibuhlungu? Ingabe imithambo yakho izwakala sengathi iyashaya? Kungaba yi-Tetany.

Ngezinye izikhathi kungenzeka ukuthi uke wakuzwa, akunjalo? Iminwe nezinzwane zakho ziyaphela amandla, umlomo wakho uzizwa uqhaqhazela, noma imisipha yakho iqina sengathi umthambo uyaqhuma. Esikhathini esiningi, sicabanga ngalokhu njengezinto ezivamile, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi lokhu kungaba uphawu lwesimo esidinga ukunakwa. Yilokho esikhuluma ngakho namuhla, okubizwa ngokuthi 'i-Tetany.' Lokhu akusona isifo, kodwa uphawu. Uma sikhuluma iqiniso, isimiso sezinzwa somzimba wethu sishukunyiswa ngokweqile, okwenza imisipha ifinyele ngokuzenzakalelayo.

Ngakho-ke ziyini izimpawu ze-Tetany?

I-Tetany ingazibonakalisa ngezindlela eziningi ezahlukene. Ezinye izimpawu zincane kakhulu, kanti ezinye zingaba zimbi kakhulu. Ake sizihlukanise ngezigaba zazo ezihlukile.

I-Tetany ayivamisile ukuba yingozi empilweni, kodwa ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu ingaba yingozi. Ukuqaqamba okukhulu kwemisipha kungaholela ekuqhekekeni kwezicubu zemisipha, kuze kuholele ngisho nasesimweni esiyingozi esibizwa ngokuthi 'i-Rhabdomyolysis'.

Ingabe i-tetany iyisifo sokuwa?

Cha. Lezi ezimbili zimbili. Kodwa kulula ukudideka. Isifo esibi kakhulu singabangela ukuxhuzula.

Kalula nje, ukuquleka kuwumsebenzi kagesi wesikhashana, ongalawuleki ebuchosheni. Nokho, i-tetany ayibangelwa inkinga ebuchosheni, kodwa ibangelwa ukukhuthazwa ngokweqile kwemizwa nemisipha ngenxa yokungalingani kwama-electrolyte emzimbeni wethu.

Kungani kwenzeka i-tetany? Yiziphi izimbangela eziyinhloko?

Imbangela eyinhloko ye-tetany ukungalingani kwama-electrolyte emzimbeni. Ayini ama-electrolyte? Lezi yizinto ezithwala ishaja kagesi uma zincibilika emzimbeni wethu. Cabanga ukuthi u-60% womzimba wethu ungamanzi. Ngakho-ke, cishe wonke amaseli nawo wonke uketshezi aqukethe ama-electrolyte. Lawa ma-electrolyte abalulekile ezintweni eziningi emzimbeni wethu, njengokusabela kwamakhemikhali, ukudluliselwa kwemizwa, kanye nokufinyela kwemisipha.

Uma lawa ma-electrolyte engalingani, izimpawu ze-tetany zingavela. Ake sibheke izimbangela eziyinhloko.

• I-calcium ephansi egazini (i-Hypocalcemia): Lena yimbangela evame kakhulu ye-tetany. I-calcium egazini lethu yiyo esiza ukusebenza kwezinzwa, ukufinyela kwemisipha, ukujiya kwegazi, kanye nokusebenza kwenhliziyo ngendlela efanele. Amazinga e-calcium angaba phansi ngezizathu ezahlukahlukene, njenge-hormone ye-parathyroid ephansi (i-Hypoparathyroidism) noma ukuntuleka kwe-vitamin D.

• I-magnesium ephansi egazini (i-Hypomagnesemia): I-magnesium iyi-electrolyte ebalulekile emisebenzini eminingi emzimbeni wethu. Ukuntuleka kwe-magnesium kungenzeka ngenxa yezifo ezingamahlalakhona, ukuphuza utshwala ngokweqile, izifo zesistimu yokugaya ukudla, kanye nezifo zezinso.

• I-potassium ephansi egazini (i-Hypokalemia): I-Potassium ibalulekile ekusebenzeni kahle kwezinzwa namaseli emisipha, ikakhulukazi imisipha yenhliziyo. Ezinye izidakamizwa zokukhipha isisu, ukuhlanza okuqhubekayo noma uhudo, kanye nesifo sezinso esingamahlalakhona kungabangela amazinga aphansi e-potassium.

• I-Metabolic Alkalosis: Ibhalansi ye-acid-base (pH) yegazi lethu ibaluleke kakhulu. Ngisho nokuphambuka okuncane kulokhu kungasigulisa. Kulesi simo, inani le-bicarbonate (base) emzimbeni liyakhula.

• Ukuphefumula okusheshayo (i-Respiratory Alkalosis):Cabanga nje, uma ngokuzumayo uzizwa wesaba kakhulu noma ukhathazekile, uqala ukuphefumula ngokushesha, akunjalo? Ngezikhathi ezinjalo, sikhipha i-carbon dioxide eningi kunokudingekile. Bese izinga le-carbon dioxide egazini liyehla, bese igazi liba yi-alkaline. Lokhu kungabangela nezimpawu ze-tetany.

Lesi simo selashwa kanjani?

Kunemigomo emibili ekwelapheni i-tetany.

1. Umgomo wesikhathi esifushane: Ukulungisa ukungalingani kwama-electrolyte ngokushesha okukhulu.

2. Umgomo wesikhathi eside: Ukuthola nokwelapha isifo esiyisisekelo esibangele lesi simo.

Uma unezimpawu ze-tetany ezibangelwa ukuntuleka kwe-calcium okuncane (i-hypocalcemia), udokotela wakho cishe uzoncoma okulandelayo:

• Izithako ze-calcium
• Izithako ze-Vitamin D
• Amaphilisi e-magnesium

I-tetany ebukhali iyisimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha esidinga ukulaliswa esibhedlela ngokushesha. Kungadinga ukwelashwa okufana ne-calcium efakwa emthanjeni (IV). Uma isimo esiphuthumayo sesiphelile, odokotela bazoqala ukwelapha isimo esiyisisekelo esibangele lesi simo.

Ingabe i-Tetany ingavinjelwa?

I-Tetany ingase ingavinjelwa ngokuphelele uma isimo sezokwelapha esiyisisekelo sibangela ukungalingani kwama-electrolyte. Kodwa-ke, njenganoma yikuphi ukugula, ukutholakala kusenesikhathi kanye nokwelashwa kubalulekile.

Ngokukhuluma nodokotela wakho ngokushesha nje lapho ubona izimpawu ezincane njengokuthuthumela emlonyeni kanye nemithambo evuvukele, ungalawula lesi simo ngaphambi kokuba sibe sibi kakhulu.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi uma lezi zimpawu sezivele zenzekile, kunzima ukulungisa lokhu kungalingani kwama-electrolyte ngokudla nokuphuza ekhaya. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha.