Ngezinye izikhathi lapho udokotela ekutshela noma othile emndenini wakho ukuthi udinga ukuhlinzwa esifubeni, angase asho negama elithi "thoracotomy." Kuvamile ukuzizwa wesaba kancane futhi ukhathazekile uma uzwa leli gama. "Luhlobo luni lokuhlinzwa?", "Ingabe luyingozi?", "Ingabe luzolimaza kakhulu?" yonke imibuzo efika engqondweni. Ngakho-ke namuhla, ake sixoxe ngokuthi lokhu kuhlinzwa kwe-thoracotomy kuyini ngempela, ukuthi kwenziwa ngani, kanye nakho konke okudingeka ukwazi ngakho.
Kuyini ngempela i-Thoracotomy?
Kalula nje, i-thoracotomy ukusikwa okwenziwa udokotela ohlinzayo phakathi kwezimbambo ezimbili ukuze abone noma elaphe izitho ezingaphakathi kwesifuba sakho. Cabanga ngakho njengokuvula isembozo sencwadi ukuze ubone amakhasi, udokotela ohlinzayo kufanele avule isifuba ukuze afinyelele izitho ezingaphakathi kwesifuba.
Izitho eziyinhloko ezingabonakala lapho isifuba sivulwa ngale ndlela yilezi:
- Amaphaphu
- Inhliziyo kanye nemithambo yegazi emikhulu ehlobene nayo (isibonelo, i-aorta)
- Umphimbo
- I-Trachea
Ngezinye izikhathi le ndlela isetshenziswa ukufinyelela ngaphambili komgogodla. Lokhu kusikwa kuvame ukwenziwa ohlangothini lwesobunxele noma lwesokudla lwesifuba. Lokhu kuncike ohlangothini lwesitho esiphathwayo. Ukusikwa kuqala esifubeni bese kwehlela emuva ngaphansi kwekhwapha. Ubukhulu nendawo yokusikwa kuyahlukahluka kuye ngohlobo lokuhlinzwa okwenziwayo. Ngezinye izikhathi, udokotela ohlinzayo kungadingeka aphule noma asuse ubambo. Lokhu kubizwa nangokuthi 'ukuhlinzwa okuvulekile' .
Kungani sidinga ukwenza i-thoracotomy?
Kunezizathu eziningana zokuthi kungani kungenziwa i-thoracotomy. Ngezinye izikhathi kwenziwa ukuze kutholakale isampula yezicubu (i-biopsy) ukuze kutholakale isifo. Ngezinye izikhathi, kwenziwa njengokwelashwa kwesifo. Ake sibheke izizathu eziyinhloko zalokhu kuhlinzwa.
| Isizathu sokuhlinzwa | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| I-biopsy | Uma kukhona okusolakalayo ngesimo samaphaphu, kungatholakala isampula yezicubu ukuze kutholakale ukuthi sikhona yini. |
| Umdlavuza Wamaphaphu | Ukususa izimila ezinomdlavuza emaphashini noma engxenyeni yamaphaphu. |
| Izimo Zenhliziyo Nemithambo Yegazi | Ukwelapha izinkinga ezithile enhliziyweni noma emithanjeni yegazi emikhulu exhunywe enhliziyweni. |
| Iphaphu Eligobile | Ukwelapha amacala amaphaphu awile, okwaziwa ngokwezokwelapha ngokuthi i-pneumothorax . |
| Ukuqongelela koketshezi emaphashini/enhliziyweni | Ukwelapha i-pleural effusion noma i-cardiac tamponade , ikakhulukazi uma ibangelwa ukutheleleka. |
| Izifo Zomqala | Ukwelapha umdlavuza noma ezinye izifo zomqala. |
Kwenzekani ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa?
Lolu ukuhlinzwa okukhulu futhi kuzodingeka ukuthi ube ngaphansi kwe-anesthesia ejwayelekile. Ngakho-ke udinga ukuba nempilo enhle ngokwanele ukuze ukwazi ukubekezelela lolu hlobo lwe-anesthesia. Ithimba lezokwelapha lizokweluleka ngokuthi kufanele uyeke nini ukudla nokuphuza ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa.
Kubaluleke kakhulu: Kubalulekile ukuthi utshele udokotela wakho ngayo yonke imithi, amavithamini, noma izithasiselo ozithathayo, ngisho nalezo ongazithenga ngaphandle kwemithi kadokotela. Eminye imithi, ikakhulukazi imithi yokunciphisa igazi, ingadinga ukuthi uyeke ukuyithatha ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa. Landela le miyalelo ngokucophelela.
Ngaphandle kokuthi kungukuhlinzwa okuphuthumayo, odokotela bazokutshela nakanjani ukuthi uyeke ukubhema . Kuyasiza kakhulu enkambisweni yokuphulukiswa.
Kwenzekani ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa?
Ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa, ithimba lezokwelapha lizokuphendula likwese eceleni bese likubeke endaweni ekhululekile ngengalo eyodwa ngaphezu kwekhanda lakho.
Udokotela obulala izinzwa ozokubulala izinzwa phakathi nalokhu kuhlinzwa unguchwepheshe ekuhlinzweni kwesifuba. Uzolawula ukuphefumula kwakho ukuze kube yiphaphu elilodwa kuphela elisebenzayo (umoya womoya owodwa wamaphaphu) . Lokhu kusho ukuthi iphaphu eliseceleni kokuhlinzwa livaliwe okwesikhashana futhi uvunyelwe ukuphefumula kusuka kwelinye iphaphu kuphela. Lokhu kwenza kube lula kakhulu ngodokotela ohlinzayo ukwenza ukuhlinzwa.
Udokotela ohlinzayo ube esesika phakathi kwezimbambo ezimbili, asebenzise amathuluzi akhethekile (ama-retractor) ukuze andise ukusika, futhi ahlole izitho zangaphakathi noma enze ukwelashwa okudingekayo.
Ngemva kokuhlinzwa sekuphelile futhi ukusika sekuvaliwe, kufakwa ipayipi lesifuba ukuze kukhishwe noma yiluphi uketshezi nomoya okuqongeleleke ngaphakathi. Lokhu kufana nepayipi.
Kwenzekani ngemva kokuhlinzwa futhi kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukululama?
Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, kuzodingeka uhlale esibhedlela cishe isonto lonke. Ipayipi lesifuba lizohlala likhona izinsuku ezimbalwa. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, ithimba lezokwelapha lizokunikeza imithi yokulawula ubuhlungu bakho.
Umnikelo wakho ubaluleke kakhulu enkambisweni yokuphulukiswa.
- Ithimba lezokwelapha lizokukhuthaza ukuthi ukhwehlele futhi uphefumule kakhulu .
- Bancoma ukusebenzisa idivayisi ebizwa ngokuthi 'i-incentive spirometer' ukuze bavivinye ukuphefumula.
- Ucela ukuhamba kancane ngosizo.
Nakuba lezi zinto zingase zibe nzima kancane ekuqaleni, zibalulekile ekuvimbeleni izifo zamaphaphu (njenge-pneumonia).
Ngemva kokubuyela ekhaya usuka esibhedlela, kungathatha izinyanga ezimbili ukululama ngokugcwele nokuqala imisebenzi evamile. Buza udokotela wakho ukuthi ungaqhubeka nini nemisebenzi efana nokuphakamisa izinsimbi nokudlala imidlalo.
Ziyini izingozi zalokhu kuhlinzwa?
Njenganoma yikuphi ukuhlinzwa, ukuhlinzwa kwe-Thoracotomy kunezingozi ezithile. Ungakhathazeki, ithimba lezokwelapha lizokwenza konke okusemandleni alo ukunciphisa lezi zingozi.
- Izingozi ezivamile ezihambisana nokuhlinzwa: izinkinga zokubulala izinzwa, ukutheleleka, ukopha, kanye nobuhlungu.
- Izinkinga ezingaba khona kamuva:
- I-pneumonia: Ukutheleleka kwamaphaphu.
- I-Atelectasis: Ukuwa noma ukuwohloka kwezingxenye zamaphaphu.
- I-Post-thoracotomy pain syndrome: Ubuhlungu obuhlala izinyanga eziningi ngemva kokuhlinzwa.
Ufuna ukuphinde ubonane nodokotela nini?
Ngemva kokuphuma esibhedlela, uzokwaziswa ngezinsuku okudingeka ubuyele ngazo emtholampilo. Kodwa-ke, uma uba nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezilandelayo, kufanele ushayele udokotela wakho ucingo ngokushesha .
- Uma uthola umkhuhlane.
- Uma inxeba liqala ukopha futhi noma uma igazi liphuma uma ukhwehlela.
- Uma unenkinga yokuphefumula.
- Uma indawo yokusikwa ivuza ubomvu, ivuvukele, ibomvu, noma ishintshe umbala.
- Uma ungakwazi ukulawula ubuhlungu ngisho nangemva kokuthatha imithi.
Uma unesimo esiphuthumayo, njengobunzima obukhulu bokuphefumula noma ukopha kakhulu, hamba ngokushesha eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo wesibhedlela esiseduze (i-ETU) .
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ukuhlinzwa kwe-thoracotomy kuyindlela enkulu yokwelapha izitho ezisesifubeni. Nakuba kuyinto evamile ukuzizwa wesaba ngakho, kungaba inqubo edingekayo nesindisa impilo. (Umusho odlule wawunegama lesiTamil ngephutha. Ukulilungisa libe yiSinhala emsulwa ngokwemiyalelo.) Kodwa-ke, kungaba inqubo esindisa impilo nedingekayo.
- Landela imiyalelo kadokotela ngokucophelela ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa, ikakhulukazi mayelana nokuyeka ukubhema nokumtshela ngemithi ayiphuzayo.
- Ukuphathwa kobuhlungu ngemva kokuhlinzwa kanye nokuzivocavoca ngokuphefumula okujulile kubaluleke kakhulu ukuze umuntu alulame ngokushesha futhi avimbele izinkinga ezifana ne-pneumonia.
- Uma kuvela izinkinga noma izimpawu eziyingozi ngesikhathi sokululama, yazisa udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
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