Ngezinye izikhathi, lapho udokotela wakho ekhuluma ukuthi wena noma ilungu lomndeni wakho lidinga ukuhlinzwa esifubeni, bangase bafake igama elithi “i-Thoracotomy.” Ukuzizwa ukhathazekile noma ukhungathekile lapho uzwa lokhu kuyinto evamile ngokuphelele. Imibuzo evamile efana nokuthi “Luhlobo luni lokuhlinzwa lolu?”, “Ingabe luyingozi?”, noma “Ingabe luzobuhlungu?” ingokwemvelo. Kwa- Nirogi Lanka , sifuna ukukusiza uqonde kahle ukuthi kuyini i-thoracotomy, ukuthi kungani yenziwa, kanye nakho konke okudingeka ukwazi mayelana nenqubo.
Kuyini ngempela i-Thoracotomy?
Kalula nje, i-thoracotomy ukunqunywa kokuhlinzwa okwenziwa udokotela ohlinzayo phakathi kwezimbambo zakho ukuze avumele ukufinyelela ezithweni ezingaphakathi kwesifuba sakho ukuze kuhlolwe noma kuphathwe. Cabanga ngakho njengokuvula isembozo sencwadi ukuze ufunde amakhasi; ukuze afinyelele ezithweni ezingaphakathi kwesifuba, udokotela ohlinzayo kumele enze isikhala.
Izitho eziyinhloko ezitholakalayo phakathi nale nqubo zifaka:
- Amaphaphu
- Inhliziyo kanye nemithambo yegazi ehlobene nayo (njenge-aorta)
- Umphimbo
- Umphimbo (umphimbo womoya)
Ngezinye izikhathi, le ndlela isetshenziswa futhi ukufinyelela engxenyeni engaphambili yomgogodla. Ukusikwa kuvame ukwenziwa ohlangothini lwesobunxele noma lwesokudla lwesifuba, kuye ngokuthi yiluphi uhlangothi oludinga ukwelashwa. Ukusikwa kuvame ukuqala esifubeni futhi kuqhubekele endaweni engaphansi kwengalo nangemuva. Ubukhulu nendawo yokusikwa kuyahlukahluka kuye ngohlobo oluthile lokuhlinzwa. Ezimweni ezithile, udokotela ohlinzayo kungadingeka asike noma asuse ubambo ukuze afinyelele kahle. Le nqubo yaziwa nangokuthi “ukuhlinzwa okuvulekile.”
Kungani kudingeka i-thoracotomy?
Kunezizathu eziningana zokuthi kungani kunconywa i-thoracotomy. Ngezinye izikhathi, kwenziwa ukuze kutholakale isampula yezicubu (i-biopsy) ukuze kutholakale ngokunembile isimo. Kwezinye izimo, kwenziwa njengokwelashwa okuyinhloko kwesifo. Ake sihlole izizathu eziyinhloko zokuthi kungani kwenziwa lokhu kuhlinzwa.
| Isizathu Sokuhlinzwa | Incazelo Elula |
|---|---|
| Ukuhlolwa kwebhayoloji | Ukuthola isampula yezicubu ukuze kutholakale ukuxilongwa okunembile uma kusolwa isimo samaphaphu. |
| Umdlavuza Wamaphaphu | Ukususa izimila ezinomdlavuza noma ingxenye yamaphaphu. |
| Izimo Zenhliziyo Nemithambo Yegazi | Ukwelapha izinkinga ezihilela inhliziyo noma imithambo yayo emikhulu yegazi. |
| Iphaphu Eligobile | Ukwelapha i- Pneumothorax ngokwezokwelapha, lapho iphaphu liwile khona. |
| Ukuqongelela Koketshezi | Ukukhipha uketshezi emaphashini (i-Pleural Effusion) noma enhliziyweni (i-Cardiac Tamponade) , ikakhulukazi uma kubangelwa ukutheleleka. |
| Izifo Zomqala | Ukwelapha izimo zomdlavuza noma ezingezona umdlavuza ezithinta umphimbo. |
Kwenzekani ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa kwakho?
Ngenxa yokuthi le inqubo enkulu, uzodinga i-anesthesia ejwayelekile. Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizoqinisekisa ukuthi uphilile ngokwanele kulokhu futhi lizokunikeza imiyalelo eqondile yokuthi kufanele uyeke nini ukudla nokuphuza ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa kwakho.
Isikhumbuzo Esibalulekile: Kumelwe udalule yonke imithi, amavithamini, kanye nezithasiselo ozithathayo—kufaka phakathi lezo ezithengwe ngaphandle kwekhawunta—kudokotela wakho. Eminye imithi, ikakhulukazi imithi yokunciphisa igazi, kumele imiswe izinsuku ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa. Sicela ulandele le miyalelo ngokunembile.
Uma ukuhlinzwa kwakho kukhetho, ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizokweluleka ngokuqinile ukuthi uyeke ukubhema , ngoba kusiza kakhulu ukululama kwakho.
Kwenzekani ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa kwakho?
Ngesikhathi senqubo, uzobekwa ngokunethezeka ohlangothini lwakho, ingalo eyodwa iphakanyisiwe ngaphezu kwekhanda lakho.
Udokotela wakho wezinzwa, uchwepheshe wokuhlinzwa kwesifuba, uzophatha ukuphefumula kwakho esebenzisa umoya wokuphefumula wamaphaphu owodwa . Lokhu kuvumela iphaphu elihlinzwayo ukuba liphumule okwesikhashana kuyilapho elinye iphaphu likugcina uphefumula. Lokhu kunikeza udokotela ohlinzayo isikhala esidingekayo sokusebenza ngokuphephile.
Udokotela ohlinzayo uzobe esesika phakathi kwezimbambo zakho bese esebenzisa amathuluzi akhethekile (ama-retractor) ukuze afinyelele futhi elaphe indawo ethintekile.
Uma ukuhlinzwa sekuqediwe, kuzobekwa ipayipi lesifuba ukuze kukhishwe uketshezi nomoya esifubeni sakho njengoba uqala ukuphola.
Kwenzekani ngemva kokuhlinzwa futhi isikhathi esingakanani sokululama?
Ungalindela ukuhlala esibhedlela cishe isonto lonke, ipayipi lesifuba lihlala likhona izinsuku ezimbalwa. Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizophatha ubuhlungu bakho ngemithi efanele.
Ukuhlanganyela kwakho ngenkuthalo kubalulekile ukuze ululame kahle:
- Ithimba lakho lizokukhuthaza ukuthi ukhwehlele futhi uphefumule ngokujulile njalo.
- Uzocelwa ukuthi usebenzise i- spirometer yokukhuthaza ukwenza izivivinyo zokuphefumula.
- Uzokhuthazwa ukuba uhambe ngosizo ngokushesha okukhulu.
Nakuba le misebenzi ingase izwakale iyinselele ekuqaleni, ibalulekile ukuvimbela izinkinga ezifana ne-pneumonia. Uma usubuyile ekhaya, kungathatha cishe izinyanga ezimbili ukululama ngokugcwele futhi uqalise imisebenzi evamile yansuku zonke. Sicela uxhumane nodokotela wakho mayelana nokuthi ungabuyela nini ngokuphephile ekuphakamiseni izinsimbi noma kwezemidlalo.
Ziyini izingozi zalokhu kuhlinzwa?
Njenganoma iyiphi inqubo enkulu, i-thoracotomy inezingozi ezithile. Kwa-Nirogi Lanka, ithimba lethu lezokwelapha lithatha zonke izinyathelo zokuphepha ukunciphisa lezi zinkinga ezingaba khona:
- Izingozi Ezivamile Zokuhlinzwa: Izinkinga ezihlobene ne-anesthesia, ukutheleleka, ukopha, kanye nokungakhululeki.
- Izinkinga Zangemva Kokuhlinzwa:
- I-pneumonia: Ukutheleleka kwamaphaphu.
- I-Atelectasis: Ukuwa noma ukunamathela kwezingxenye zamaphaphu.
- I-Post-thoracotomy pain syndrome: Ubuhlungu obuhlala isikhathi eside obungaqhubeka izinyanga eziningi ngemva kokuhlinzwa.
Kufanele uphinde ubonane nodokotela wakho nini?
Ngemva kokukhishwa esibhedlela, uzonikezwa izinsuku ezithile zokuvakashela kwakho emtholampilo okulandelayo. Kodwa-ke, sicela uxhumane nodokotela wakho ngokushesha uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezilandelayo:
- Uba nomkhuhlane.
- Ubona ukopha okusha okuvela endaweni yokusikwa noma uqala ukukhwehlela igazi.
- Uhlangabezana nobunzima bokuphefumula.
- Indawo yokusikwa ikhombisa izimpawu zobomvu, ukuvuvukala, ukubomvu, noma ukushintsha kombala.
- Ubuhlungu bakho buba nzima ukubulawula ngisho nangemva kokuthatha imithi kadokotela.
Uma kwenzeka isimo esiphuthumayo, njengobunzima obukhulu bokuphefumula noma ukopha okukhulu okungalawuleki, funa ukunakekelwa okusheshayo eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ED) oseduze noma ushayele u-911 .
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya Ovela eNirogi Lanka
- Ukuhlinzwa kwesifuba kuyindlela enkulu esetshenziswa ukwelapha izimo esifubeni. Nakuba kungokwemvelo ukuzizwa ukhathazekile, sicela ukhumbule ukuthi lokhu kuvame ukuba yindlela yokwelapha esindisa impilo futhi ebalulekile.
- Sicela ulandele imiyalelo kadokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa ngokuqinile, ikakhulukazi maqondana nokuyeka ukubhema nokudalula yonke imithi oyiphuzayo njengamanje.
- Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, ukuphathwa kobuhlungu okuphumelelayo kanye nokwenza izivivinyo zakho zokuphefumula okujulile kubalulekile ukuze ululame kahle futhi uvimbele izinkinga ezifana ne-pneumonia.
- Ngesikhathi sokululama kwakho, uma kuvela noma yikuphi ukukhathazeka noma izimpawu eziyisixwayiso, yazisa ithimba lakho lezokwelapha ngokushesha.
i-thoracotomy, ukululama kwe-thoracotomy, ukuhlinzwa kwesifuba, ukuhlinzwa kwamaphaphu, ukuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo, umhlahlandlela wokuhlinzwa kwesifuba, izinqubo zokuhlinzwa, ipayipi lesifuba, ukunakekelwa kwe-thoracotomy, ukuhlinzwa komdlavuza wamaphaphu, i-sternotomy, i-thoracostomy
