Wake waphawula ukuthi amehlo abanye abantu makhulu kancane, sengathi ayavuvukala? Noma ingabe amehlo avuvukile futhi abomvu? Mhlawumbe nawe uzizwa into efana nale. Eqinisweni, lokhu kungaba yinto ejulile kunenkinga yobuhle ebonakala ngaphandle. Ubuwazi ukuthi lokhu kungabangelwa inkinga yendlala yegilo emzimbeni wakho? Namuhla sikhuluma ngalesi simo esenza abantu abaningi bangakhululeki, kodwa singaphathwa kahle. Isifo Samehlo Segilo (TED).
Kalula nje, siyini isifo samehlo se-thyroid (TED)?
Isifo Samehlo Se-Thyroid (TED) yisimo lapho izicubu ezizungezile amehlo akho, njengemisipha namaseli amafutha, zivuvukala futhi zivuvuke. Lokhu kubangelwa inkinga ngesistimu yomzimba wakho yokuzivikela. Kalula nje, isistimu yomzimba, efana "nebutho" elivikela umzimba wethu ezifweni, iqala ngephutha ukuhlasela amangqamuzana ayo anempilo. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi isifo sokuzivikela komzimba.
Ku-TED, amasosha omzimba ahlasela indlala yakho yegilo kanye nezicubu ezizungezile amehlo akho. Lesi simo sivame ukubonakala kubantu abanesifo sikaGraves, isimo lapho indlala yegilo isebenza ngokweqile. Yingakho odokotela ngezinye izikhathi besibiza ngokuthi yiSifo Samehlo sikaGraves.
Nakuba lesi sifo siyisimo sokuzivikela komzimba esihlala isikhathi eside, imiphumela emehlweni (TED) ivame ukuphela ngemva kwesikhathi esithile esigabeni esisebenzayo. Lesi sigaba esisebenzayo singahlala iminyaka emibili. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, izimpawu zingase zinciphe futhi zinciphe. Iningi labantu alithinteki kakhulu, kodwa kwabanye, uma kukhulu kakhulu, kungase kube nomonakalo ohlala njalo ekuboneni nasekuboneni.
Ziyini izimpawu zalesi sifo?
Izimpawu ze-TED zingahluka kumuntu nomuntu, kodwa kunezimpawu ezithile ezivamile. Lezi zivame ukuthinta amehlo womabili, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi iso elilodwa kuphela elingathinteka.
| Isibonakaliso | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| Ukuvela kwamehlo (i-Proptosis) | Lolu uphawu oluyinhloko abantu abaningi abalubonayo. Izicubu ezingemuva kwamehlo ziyavuvukala, okubangela ukuba inhlamvu yeso ivuvuke. |
| Ukungakhululeki kwamehlo nokulunywa | Ungase uzizwe njalo izinto ezifana nesihlabathi emehlweni akho, umuzwa wokucasuka, noma umuzwa wokuluma. |
| Ukuvuvukala nokubomvu kwamehlo (i-Blepharitis) | Indawo ezungeze amehlo, ikakhulukazi izinkophe ezingaphezulu nezingezansi, ingase ivuvuke futhi ibe bomvu. |
| Amehlo omile noma ukudabuka ngokweqile | Amehlo angase azizwe omile ngoba awavali kahle. Ngenxa yalokho, umzimba ungase ukhiphe izinyembezi ezengeziwe. |
| Ukuzwela ukukhanya (i-Photophobia) | Kuzwakala sengathi amehlo ami aphenduka abe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngisho noma ilanga liphumile futhi izibani zivuliwe. Kunzima ukugcina amehlo ami evulekile. |
| Ubuhlungu bamehlo kanye nekhanda elibuhlungu | Uma uhambisa amehlo akho, ungase uzwe ubuhlungu obufana nokucindezela ngemuva kwamehlo akho. |
| Ukubona Okubili/i-Diplopia | Njengoba imisipha emehlweni ivuvukala, ukunyakaza kwamehlo amabili kuyaphazamiseka, okwenza into eyodwa ibonakale sengathi iyimbili. |
Yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona uma lesi simo siba sibi kakhulu?
Ngenhlanhla, abantu abaningi ababi nezinkinga ezinkulu. Ngemva kokuba isigaba esisebenzayo salesi sifo sesiphelile, ukubukeka nombono wamehlo kungase kubuyele esimweni esijwayelekile ngezinga elithile. Kodwa-ke, kwezinye izimo, kungenzeka ukuthi kube nezibazi ezicutshini ezizungeze amehlo, okubangela izinguquko ezihlala njalo.
Izinguquko ezihlala njalo ekubukekeni
- Ukuhoxa kwejwabu: Amajwabu adonswa phezulu, okwenza amehlo abukeke makhulu futhi ethukile.
- Amehlo avelele:Leyo eqhutshelwa phambili phambi kwamehlo ingaba yinto ehlala njalo.
- Amehlo avulekile: Ukuvuvukala okuzungeze amehlo kungaba yinto engapheli.
Izinguquko ezihlala njalo embonweni
- Umbono ofiphele
- Umbono ophindwe kabili
- Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, ukulahlekelwa umbono ngokuphelele: Lokhu akuvamile kakhulu. Lokhu kwenzeka lapho izicubu ezingemuva kweso zivuvukala futhi zicindezela inzwa ye-optic. Lokhu kuyisimo esiphuthumayo.
Kungani lokhu kwenzeka? Yiziphi izinto ezibangela ingozi?
Njengoba sishilo ngaphambili, isizathu esiyinhloko salokhu inqubo yokuzivikela komzimba. Cabanga ukuthi unesihluthulelo endlini yakho. Uma ufaka isihluthulelo esifanele kuso, umnyango uyavuleka. Manje cabanga ukuthi isela liza lifake isihluthulelo mbumbulu esifana nalesi sihluthulelo bese livula umnyango. Ezinye zezinto ezakha amasosha omzimba wethu (ama-antibodies) ziziphatha ngendlela efanayo nama-hormone e-thyroid futhi zinamathela kuma-receptors e-thyroid gland kanye nezicubu ezingemuva kwamehlo. Yingakho lokho okuthinta i-thyroid gland nakho kuthinta amehlo.
Kunezici eziningana ezingabangela lesi simo:
- Ukuba ngowesifazane: Abesifazane banamathuba aphindwe kahlanu okuthola lesi sifo kunabesilisa. Kodwa-ke, uma indoda isithola, kungenzeka ukuthi sibe sibi kakhulu.
- Amazinga angavamile e-hormone ye-thyroid: Amazinga e-hormone ye-thyroid akhuphukile (hyperthyroidism) noma anciphile (hypothyroidism) angathinta lokhu.
- Ukwelashwa nge-radioiodine: Lokhu kuyindlela eyinhloko yokwelapha isifo sikaGraves. Kodwa-ke, kwabanye abantu, lokhu kwelashwa kungaba kubi kakhulu noma kubangele i-TED entsha.
- Ukubhema: Lesi yisici esibaluleke kakhulu sengozi futhi ongakwazi ukusilawula. Abantu ababhemayo futhi ababhema intuthu ebhemayo basengozini enkulu yokuthola i-TED. Futhi, uma umuntu obhemayo eba nesifo, izimpawu zingaba zimbi kakhulu futhi zihlale isikhathi eside.
Uma une-TED, into engcono kakhulu ongazenzela yona ukuyeka ukubhema ngokushesha uma ubhema.
Udokotela usithola kanjani lesi sifo?
Udokotela wakho angathola umbono ngalesi simo ngokuhlola amehlo akho (ukuhlolwa kwamehlo ngokomzimba). Uzobheka ngokucophelela izinto ezifana nokuma kwamehlo akho kanye nezinhlamvu zamehlo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izivivinyo ezilandelayo zingase zilandelwe ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa nokuhlola ukusebenza kwe-thyroid:
- Ukuhlolwa kwegazi:Ukuhlola amazinga e-thyroid hormone (TSH, T3, T4) kanye namazinga ama-antibodies ngokumelene ne-thyroid gland.
- Ukuskena kwamehlo nge-ultrasound, CT, noma i-MRI: Lokhu kuskena kungabona ngokucacile ukuthi imisipha nezinye izicubu ezingemuva kwamehlo zivuvukele kangakanani.
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha lokhu?
Uhlobo lokwelashwa oludingayo luzoncika esigabeni kanye nobunzima besifo sakho. Ngesikhathi isifo sisebenza, kusetshenziswa ukwelashwa okusekelayo ukulawula izimpawu. Uma isifo sesiphelile, kungase kudingeke ukuhlinzwa ukuze kubuyiselwe umbono nokubukeka.
Ukunakekelwa okusekelayo ngesikhathi sesifo esisebenzayo
| Indlela yokwelapha | Kwenzekani kuyo? |
|---|---|
| Amaconsi Amehlo | Inikeza impumuzo emehlweni omile, abomvu, nabuhlungu. |
| Izithako ze-Selenium | Njengoba ukuntuleka kwe-selenium kungenza izimpawu zibe zimbi kakhulu, ukuthatha lezi zithako ngaphansi kweseluleko sikadokotela kunganikeza impumuzo. |
| Izibuko zamehlo ze-Prism | Lezi zibuko ezikhethekile zingagqokwa njengesixazululo sesikhashana sokubona kabili. |
| Imithi elawula ama-hormone e-thyroid | Uma unezinga eliphezulu lama-hormone e-thyroid ngenxa yesifo sikaGraves, uzonikezwa imithi efana ne -Methimazole ne- Propylthiouracil ukuze uyilawule. |
| Ama-Corticosteroids | Uma izimpawu zinzima, udokotela wakho angase akunike lo muthi (isib. i-Prednisolone) isikhathi esifushane ukuze anciphise ngokushesha ukuvuvukala nokuvuvukala. |
| Ukwelashwa ngemisebe | Umthamo ophansi wemisebe uqondiswa ngemuva kwamehlo, ubhubhise amangqamuzana omzimba asebenzayo lapho futhi unciphise ukuvuvukala. |
Ukuhlinzwa uma kudingeka
Ukuhlinzwa kuvame ukwenziwa ngemva kokuba isigaba esisebenzayo salesi sifo sesiphelile futhi isimo sesizinzile. Kulapho kuphela lapho kungatholakala khona ukuthi yiziphi izinguquko ezihlala njalo ekubukekeni nasekuboneni eziye zenzeka.
- Ukuhlinzwa kokunciphisa ukucindezeleka kwe-orbital: Uma ingcindezi engemuva kweso iphezulu kakhulu futhi kunengozi yokulimala kwe-optic nerve, ingxenye encane yethambo elizungeze iso iyasuswa ukuze kudalwe isikhala. Lokhu kuhlinzwa kwenziwa futhi ukuze kuncishiswe ukuphuma kweso.
- Ukuhlinzwa kwejwabu leso: Lokhu kuhlinzwa kwenziwa ukuze kubuyiselwe ijwabu leso eligobile.
- Ukuhlinzwa kwemisipha yamehlo: Uma ukubona kabili kuhlala njalo, kwenziwa ukuhlinzwa emisipheni yamehlo ukuze kubuyiselwe ukunyakaza kwamehlo esimweni esijwayelekile.
- Ukususwa kwe-thyroid: Uma imithi ingakwazi ukulawula amazinga e-hormone ye-thyroid, i-thyroid gland kungadingeka isuswe ngokuhlinzwa.
Isikhathi sokubona udokotela wakho ngokushesha
Njengomuntu one-TED, kubalulekile ukuhlala uqaphela izimpawu zakho. Ikakhulukazi uma ubona noma yiziphi izinguquko embonweni wakho, kufanele wazise ithimba lakho lezokwelapha ngokushesha.
Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezilandelayo, bona udokotela ngokushesha noma uye eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela ngaphandle kokulibala.
- Uma uzizwa sengathi insimu yakho yokubona inciphile futhi awukwazi ukubona kuzo zombili izinhlangothi.
- Uma umbala usushintshile (isb., obomvu ubukeka njengopinki ophuthile).
- Uma uzwa ubuhlungu obukhulu emehlweni ngokuzumayo.
Lesi simo singaba nomthelela omkhulu empilweni yakho. Ungase uzizwe ucindezelekile ngokomzwelo ngenxa yobuhlungu bamehlo, ukungakhululeki, kanye nezinguquko ekubukekeni kwakho. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukukhuluma ngokukhululekile nethimba lakho lezokwelapha futhi ucele ukwesekwa emndenini nakubangane. Uma uzizwa sengathi awutholi ukwesekwa okudingayo, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngakho. Bazokwazi ukukunikeza izinsiza ozidingayo ukusekela inhlalakahle yakho yengqondo.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Isifo Samehlo Se-Thyroid (TED) yisimo sokuzivikela komzimba esihlotshaniswa nezinkinga ze-thyroid, ikakhulukazi isifo sikaGraves.
- Izimpawu ezivamile zifaka phakathi ukuvuvuka kwamehlo, ukuvuvukala okuzungeze amehlo, ubuhlungu, kanye nokubona kabili.
- Ukubhema kwenza lesi sifo sibe sibi kakhulu. Into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukuyeka ukubhema ngokuphelele.
- Kunezindlela ezahlukene zokwelapha lokhu, okuhlanganisa imithi, ukwelashwa ngemisebe, kanye nokuhlinzwa. Udokotela wakho uzonquma ukuthi yikuphi ukwelashwa okukulungele.
- Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izinguquko ezingazelelwe ekuboneni kwakho (ukwehla kobubanzi bokubona, izinguquko zombala) , funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha.
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