Wake waphawula iqhubu elincane ngaphambili kwentamo yakho ngenkathi ugeza noma ubheka esibukweni? Kuvamile ukuzizwa wesaba futhi ukhathazekile kancane uma ubona into efana naleyo. Abantu abaningi bacabanga ukuthi lokhu kuyisibonakaliso sesifo noma umdlavuza oyingozi. Kodwa into eyodwa ongayenza isinqumo ngayo ukuthi isikhathi esiningi, lezi yiziqhubu ezingezona umdlavuza (ama-Thyroid Nodules) ezakha i-thyroid gland, futhi akukho okufanele ukwesabe. Namuhla, sizokhuluma ngalokhu kalula nangendlela ongayiqonda.
Okokuqala, ake sibone, iyini le ndlala yegilo?
Kalula nje, i-thyroid gland iyisitho esincane esitholakala ngaphambili kwentamo yethu, ngaphansi nje kwe-apula lika-Adam. Sime njengevemvane. Siyingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu ohlelweni lwe-endocrine lomzimba wethu.
Le ndlala ikhiqiza izinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zama-hormone: i-thyroxine (T4) kanye ne-triiodothyronine (T3). La ma-hormone ahilelekile emisebenzini eminingi ebalulekile emzimbeni wethu.
- I-Metabolism: Ilawula izinga lokuguqulwa kokudla esikudlayo kube amandla.
- Izinga lokushisa lomzimba: Lisiza ukugcina izinga lokushisa lomzimba wethu lisezingeni elifanele.
- Isimo Sengqondo: Sithinta isimo sethu sengqondo, njengenjabulo nokukhathazeka.
- Isilinganiso senhliziyo: Ilawula izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo.
- Ukugaya: Kuphinde kusize uhlelo lokugaya ukudla lusebenze.
Ngakho-ke ayini amaqhubu e-thyroid?
Iqhubu le-thyroid liyisigaxa noma isimila esikhula ngenxa yokukhula okungajwayelekile kwamaseli ngaphakathi kwe-thyroid gland okukhulunywe ngayo ngenhla. Lokhu kungahlukaniswa kanje:
- Uyedwa: Kungaba nefindo elilodwa kuphela.
- Okuningi: Kungase kube nefindo elingaphezu kwelilodwa.
- I-Cystic: Ama-cystic cyst angama-cyst agcwele uketshezi.
- Okuqinile: Amaseli aqinile akhiwe ngamaseli kuphela.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu okudingeka uyazi lapha ukuthi amaqhubu e-thyroid angaphezu kuka-90% atholakalayo awayona ingozi . Okusho ukuthi, awawona umdlavuza. Kodwa-ke, iphesenti elincane kakhulu, cishe u-4% - 6.5%, lingaba nomdlavuza (umdlavuza we-thyroid). Yingakho kubalulekile ukubona udokotela uma ubona iqhubu entanyeni yakho.
Ubani osengozini enkulu yokukhula kwala mafindo?
Noma ubani angaba namaqhubu e-thyroid, ngisho nengane. Kodwa-ke, abesifazane banamathuba aphindwe kane okuba nawo kunabesilisa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunezinye izici eziningana eziyingozi:
- Ukuntuleka kwe-iodine:Lesi simo sivamile emazweni lapho ukudla esikudlayo kungenayo i-iodine eningi (ezweni lakithi, le ngozi iphansi ngoba sisebenzisa usawoti one-iodine).
- Umlando womndeni: Uma kukhona emndenini onezinhlayiya ze-thyroid noma umdlavuza we-thyroid.
- Ukukhula kweminyaka: Amathuba okuba nalokhu ayanda njengoba iminyaka ikhula.
- Ukuchayeka emisebeni: Ikakhulukazi uma welashwa ngemisebe entanyeni useyingane.
- I-anemia yokuntuleka kwensimbi.
- Ukubhema.
- Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile.
- Ukusetshenziswa kotshwala.
- Abesifazane abane -uterine fibroids .
Abantu abaningi abanazo izimpawu! Ngakho wazi kanjani?
Esikhathini esiningi, amaqhubu e-thyroid awabangeli zimpawu. Ungase ube neqhubu entanyeni yakho ungaqapheli. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi, uma kuneqhubu elingaphezu kwelilodwa noma uma iqhubu likhulu, ungase ukwazi ukulizwa wena noma ukulibona uma uzibuka esibukweni.
Akuvamile kakhulu, uma amaqhubu eba makhulu kakhulu, angacindezela umphimbo kanye nomphimbo entanyeni, okubangela lezi zimpawu ezilandelayo. Amanye amaqhubu angabangela nezimpawu ngenxa yokukhiqizwa ngokweqile noma okunganele kwama-hormone. Ake sibheke lokhu ngokwehlukana.
| Isimo | Izimpawu Ezihambisanayo |
|---|---|
| Ukucindezela okubangelwa amafindo amakhulu | - Ubunzima bokugwinya - Ubunzima bokuphefumula - Ukuhosha noma ukushintsha kwezwi - Ubuhlungu ngaphambili kwentamo - Ukuvuvukala kwentamo (i-Goiter) |
| Ukukhiqizwa ngokweqile kwama-hormone (i-Hyperthyroidism) | - Ukushaya kwenhliziyo (umuzwa wokushaya kwenhliziyo esifubeni) - Ukuthuthumela, ukungahlaliseki - Ukwehlisa isisindo (naphezu kokwanda kwesifiso sokudla) - Ukuhamba kwamathumbu njalo, isifo sohudo - Ukungalali - Ukuya esikhathini okungajwayelekile noma ukuyeka ukuya esikhathini |
| Ukukhiqizwa kwama-hormone aphansi (i-Hypothyroidism) | - Ukukhathala ngokweqile, ukozela - Ukuba ndikindiki ezandleni - Ukwanda kwesisindo somzimba - Isikhumba esomile, esiqinile kanye nezinwele - Ukuqunjelwa - Ukucindezeleka - Ukuya esikhathini okunzima nokuthatha isikhathi eside |
Udokotela ukuxilonga kanjani lokhu? Yiziphi izivivinyo ezenziwayo?
Uma ubona udokotela ngoba uneqhubu entanyeni yakho, uzoqala ahlole intamo yakho. Ngemuva kwalokho, bangase bacele ukuhlolwa okuningana ukuze bahlole iqhubu ngokwengeziwe. Khumbula, lokhu kuhlolwa kwenziwa ukuze kutholakale ukuthi iqhubu linomdlavuza noma cha.
| Igama Lokuhlolwa | Kalula nje, wenzani ngalokhu? |
|---|---|
| Ukuhlolwa kwegazi le-thyroid | Amazinga akho egazini ama-hormone e-thyroid (T3, T4) kanye ne-TSH ayahlolwa ukuze kubonakale ukuthi ajwayelekile, aphezulu, noma aphansi. Lokhu kungakunikeza umbono wokuthi i-thyroid yakho isebenza kanjani. |
| Ukuskena nge-ultrasound | Lokhu kusebenzisa amaza omsindo ukudala isithombe esicacile sendlala yegilo kanye neqhubu. Kungakutshela okuningi ngeqhubu, njengokuthi liqinile noma ligcwele uketshezi, ubukhulu balo, kanye nesimo salo. Amaqhubu aminyene asengozini enkulu yokuba nomdlavuza. |
| i-biopsy yenaliti encane (ukuthatha isampula yamaseli ngenaliti) | Uma iqhubu lisolakala, udokotela uzofaka inalithi encane kakhulu eqhubu bese ethatha amanye amangqamuzana lapho awathumele elebhu. Lokhu kungakutshela ngokunembile ukuthi iqhubu linomdlavuza noma cha. |
| Ukuskena kwe-thyroid | Kulesi sivivinyo, unikezwa inani elincane kakhulu le-iodine enemisebe ukuze uyiphuze. Ngemuva kwalokho, ikhamera ekhethekile ibheka indlala yakho yegilo. Lokhu kungabona ukuthi iqhubu likhiqiza ama-hormone (iqhubu elishisayo) noma cha (iqhubu elibandayo). |
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha lokhu?
Ukwelashwa kuncike ohlotsheni lweqhubu, usayizi walo, izimpawu, kanye nemiphumela ye-biopsy.
- Qaphela bese ulinda: Uma ukuhlolwa kwe-biopsy kuqinisekisa ukuthi iqhubu alinawo umdlavuza, futhi alikubangeli izinkinga, udokotela wakho angase ancome ukuthi ungalashwa, kodwa kufanele uhlolwe njalo (njalo ezinyangeni ezi-6 noma ngonyaka) ukuze kubonakale ukuthi kukhona yini ushintsho eqhubu.
- Ukwelashwa nge-iodine ekhishwa ngemisebe: Lokhu kwelashwa kunganikezwa uma iqhubu libangela ukukhiqizwa ngokweqile kwama-hormone e-thyroid (i-hyperthyroidism). Uma lithathwa njengephilisi, le iodine imuncwa yi-thyroid gland futhi ibangele ukuthi iqhubu linciphe.
- Ukuhlinzwa: Ukuhlinzwa kuyadingeka ezimweni ezilandelayo:
- Uma kuqinisekiswe ukuthi iqhubu linomdlavuza.
- Uma kukhona okusolakala ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi umdlavuza.
- Uma iqhubu liba likhulu futhi libangela ubunzima bokugwinya noma ukuphefumula.
Khumbula, ungesabi uma ubona iqhubu entanyeni yakho. Kodwa ungalishayi indiva. Qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela wakho bese uthola iseluleko.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Amaqhubu e-thyroid ayisifo esivame kakhulu, ikakhulukazi kwabesifazane.
- Amaphesenti angaphezu kuka-90 ala maqhubu awawona umdlavuza, ngakho-ke asikho isidingo sokwesaba ngoba nje uneqhubu.
- Amaqhubu amaningi awabangeli zimpawu. Atholakala ngengozi.
- Uma ubona noma uzwa iqhubu entanyeni yakho, ungalishayi indiva futhi nakanjani funa iseluleko sezokwelapha.
- Ukwelashwa kuncike ohlotsheni lweqhubu. Ngezinye izikhathi, ukuqaphela kuphela kungase kwanele ngaphandle kokwelashwa.
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