Ingabe ingane yakho inyakazisa umzimba wayo ngokungalawuleki? Ingabe yenza umsindo? Ingabe lokho kuyi-(Tourette Syndrome)?

Cishe uke wabona ingane yakho, ingane yomuntu ongamazi, noma ngisho esikoleni noma emgwaqweni, abanye abantwana ngokuzumayo becwayiza amehlo abo, bephakamisa amahlombe abo, bephendula izintamo zabo ngendlela exakile, noma benze umsindo ozwakala sengathi bahlanza imiphimbo yabo. Ngezinye izikhathi njengabantu abadala, singase sicabange, "Ingabe le ngane iyadlala? Noma ingabe izama ukuthola ukunakwa kothile?" Kodwa empeleni, lezi yizinto abangakwazi ukuzilawula, zenzeka nje ngokwemvelo. Namuhla sizokhuluma ngesimo esinjengalesi, esiyinkimbinkimbi kancane, kodwa uma sesiqondakala, singaphathwa kakhulu. Leso yi -`(Tourette Syndrome)` noma i-Tourette Syndrome, isimo sezinzwa.

Kuyini `(i-Tourette Syndrome)`? Masiyiqonde kalula!

Kalula nje, `(Tourette Syndrome)` yisimo esithinta ubuchopho bethu kanye nesimiso sezinzwa. Okwenzekayo kulokhu ukuthi umuntu ngokuzumayo uba nokunyakaza ngokomzimba noma imisindo angenakuyilawula. Ngokwezokwelapha lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi `(tics)` noma `tics.` Cabanga ngakho njenge-`switch` encane emzimbeni wethu eqala 'ukuvala', kodwa asikwazi ukuyilawula ngendlela esiyifunayo.

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zalezi `(tics)`:

1. `(Ukunyakaza kwemisipha)`: Lokhu `(ukunyakaza kwemisipha)` okubandakanya ukunyakaza komzimba. Isibonelo, ukunikina amahlombe, ukucwayiza amehlo, ukunikina ikhanda, kanye nokubhakuzisa imilenze.

2. Ukudlikiza ngezwi: Lokhu ukudlikiza okubandakanya izwi. Isibonelo, ukwenza imisindo efana nokusula umphimbo, ukuphefumula ngamakhala, ukububula, ukusho amazwi, kanye nokumemeza ngezinye izikhathi.

Ngokuvamile "ukushukuma kwemisipha" kuqala, kulandelwe "ukushukuma kwezwi". "I-Tourette Syndrome" iyona "isifo esibi kakhulu" kulezi "zifo zokushukuma kwemisipha", noma esibonakala kakhulu. Ngokuvamile iqala ebuntwaneni, phakathi kweminyaka emi-5 nengu-7. Ngenhlanhla, kubantu abaningi, lesi simo siyancipha kakhulu njengoba bekhula, ikakhulukazi ebudaleni babo. Singase siphele ngokuphelele.

Ivame kangakanani i-`(Tourette Syndrome)`?

Izifundo zibonisa ukuthi ngokwesilinganiso, cishe ingane eyodwa kweziyi-100 ingaba nohlobo oluthile "lwesifo sokudlikiza." Kodwa-ke, izinga le-"Tourette Syndrome" liphansi kancane. Lokho kusho ukuthi cishe ingane eyodwa kweziyi-160 ibikwa ukuthi ine-"Tourette Syndrome."

Ingabe kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zezifo zokudlikiza? Ingabe kukhona i-Tourette Syndrome kuphela?

Cha, i-Tourette Syndrome uhlobo olulodwa nje lwesifo sokudlikiza. Kunezinye izinhlobo. Udokotela wakho uzokutshela ngqo ukuthi hlobo luni lwesifo sokudlikiza onalo ngokusekelwe ezimpawini zakho.

Izifo ze-tic zingahlukaniswa kanje:

• Isifo sokudlikiza okwesikhashana: Kulokhu, kungaba ukudlikiza kwemisipha, ukudlikiza kwezwi, noma kokubili kuba khona isikhathi esingaphansi konyaka.
• Isifo sokudlikiza esiqhubekayo (esingamahlalakhona): Kulokhu, kukhona inhlanganisela yokudlikiza kwemisipha noma ukudlikiza kwezwi (kodwa hhayi kokubili) isikhathi esingaphezu konyaka.
• I-Tourette Syndrome: Kulesi simo , kokubili ukushukuma kwemisipha kanye nokushukuma kwezwi kumele kube khona isikhathi esingaphezu konyaka.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-`(Tourette Syndrome)`?

Njengoba sesixoxile ngaphambili, uphawu oluyinhloko lwe-Tourette Syndrome ukudlikiza. Lokhu kuvame ukuqala phakathi kweminyaka emi-5 nengu-7, futhi kuvame ukwenzeka cishe eminyakeni eyi-12. Ngemva kwalokho, kuncipha kancane kancane.

Lezi `(tics)` zingaba `(simple)` noma `(complex)`:

Ama-Tics Alula kanye nama-Tics Ayinkimbinkimbi

• Ukushukuma okulula: Lokhu ukunyakaza okusheshayo kakhulu, okuphindaphindayo noma imisindo evame ukuhilela amaqembu ambalwa emisipha. Cabanga ngokuphakamisa amahlombe akho, ukucwayiza amehlo akho, noma ukuphefumula ngekhala lakho.
• Ukushukuma okuyinkimbinkimbi: Lokhu kuhilela ukunyakaza okuningi kanye namaqembu emisipha. Isibonelo, ukugxumagxuma phezulu naphansi, ukuphinda igama noma umushwana ngokuphindaphindiwe, ukuphinda lokho abanye abakushoyo (echolalia), kanye nokusebenzisa ulimi olungcolile (coprolalia) kuyizibonelo zokushukuma okuyinkimbinkimbi.

Ezinye izibonelo ze-`(Motor Tic)`:

• Ukubhaxabula noma ukuphonsa izitho
• Ukugoba okhalweni
• Ukuqhaqhazela kwamehlo (okuvamile)
• Ukugxuma noma ukujikijela ikhanda ngokuzumayo
• Ukugxuma phezulu
• Ukuhambisa ingwegwe
• Izimpawu zobuso ezisontekile noma ezidwetshiwe

Ezinye izibonelo ze-`(Vocal Tic)`:

• Ukwenza umsindo njengenja ikhonkotha
• Ukwenza umsindo wokuhona
• Kungazelelwe kumemeza
• Ukuphefumula ngomsindo wokubhonga ngekhala
• Ukuhlanza umphimbo njalo

Ingabe lezi `(Tics)` ngezinye izikhathi zingaba yingozi?

Esikhathini esiningi, ukudlikiza akudali umonakalo omkhulu. Kodwa okunye ukudlikiza kungadala ukuzilimaza. Isibonelo, ukuzishaya ebusweni.

Futhi, kukhona `(vocal tic)` ebizwa ngokuthi `(coprolalia)`. Kuyinkulumo engalawuleki yamagama angcolile noma angafanele emphakathini. Ngenxa yalokhu, abanye bangase bacabange ukuthi lo muntu uhlukumeza futhi ukhathaza abanye ngamabomu. Ikakhulukazi uma ingane inalolu hlobo `(tic)`, ingase ijeziswe ngokungadingekile esikoleni noma ekhaya.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuqonda ukuthi lokhu "kunyakazisa" akuyona into eyenziwa yinoma ubani ngamabomu. Kuyinto eyenzeka ngaphandle kokulawulwa ngokuphelele.

Yini ebangela i-Tourette Syndrome?

Imbangela eqondile ye-Tourette Syndrome ayaziwa okwamanje . Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yokuthi lesi simo sivame ukuvela emindenini, ososayensi bakholelwa ukuthi kukhona ithonya lezakhi zofuzo . Lokhu kusho ukuthi kunethuba lokuthi izingane zizozuza lesi simo kubazali bazo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona futhi inkolelo-mbono yokuthi izinguquko ezithile ekusebenzeni kwama-neurotransmitter (lawa ngamakhemikhali alawula ukuziphatha kwethu kanye nokunyakaza kwethu) ebuchosheni bethu, ikakhulukazi ukungalingani kwe-neurotransmitter ebizwa ngokuthi i-dopamine, kungabangela lokhu.

Yiziphi izici eziyingozi zokuthuthukisa i-Tourette Syndrome?

Kunezici eziningana eziyinhloko ezibangela lesi simo:

• Ubulili: Abafana banamathuba amathathu kuya kwamane okuthola i-Tourette Syndrome kunamantombazane.
• Umlando womndeni: Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, uma othile emndenini enalesi simo, singadluliselwa ezinganeni ngezakhi zofuzo.
• Impilo yangaphambi kokubeletha: Uma umama ebhema ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa noma enezinye izinkinga zempilo, ingane ingase ibe sengozini enkulu yokuthola i-Tourette Syndrome. Ingase futhi ihlotshaniswe nokuzalwa enesisindo esiphansi.

Itholakala kanjani i-Tourette Syndrome?

Ukuze udokotela axilonge `(isifo sokudlikiza)`, `(ama-tics)` kumele aqale ngaphambi kweminyaka eyi-18. Ukuze kutholakale ukuthi une-`(i-Tourette Syndrome)`, kokubili `(ama-motor tics)` kanye `(ama-vocal tics)` kumele kube sekukhona isikhathi esingaphezu konyaka .

Akukho ukuhlolwa kwegazi okuqondile noma ukuskena ukuze kutholakale i-Tourette Syndrome. Kunalokho, udokotela wakho uzolalela ngokucophelela umlando wakho wezokwelapha (noma wengane yakho) kanye nezimpawu. Nazi ezinye izinto ongase ufune ukuzazi nge-Tics:

• Kukangaki kwenzeka ukudlikiza?
• Waqala eneminyaka emingaki u-`(Tics)`?
• Iyini imvelo ye-`(tics)` (elula noma eyinkimbinkimbi)?

Futhi, udokotela angenza ezinye izivivinyo ukuze anqume ezinye izimo zezokwelapha ezingase zibangele ukudlidliza.

Ingabe ezinye izimo zempilo zingaba khona nge-`(Tourette Syndrome)`?

Yebo, abantu abaningi abane-Tourette Syndrome bangase babe nesinye noma ezinye izinkinga zempilo. Lezi zivame ukuba yizinkinga zempilo yengqondo noma zokuziphatha. Ezinye izibonelo yilezi:

• Izinkinga zokukhathazeka
• Isifo Sokungakwazi Ukugxila (ADHD)
• Isifo Sokuphazamiseka Kwe-Autism (ASD)
• Ukucindezeleka
• Ukukhubazeka kokufunda
• Isifo Sokucindezeleka Okungapheli (OCD)
• Isifo Sokuphikisa Esiphikisayo (ODD)

Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukucabangela lezi zimo ezihlobene lapho welapha i-Tourette Syndrome.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha `(i-Tourette Syndrome)`?

Uma '(ama-tics)' emnene kakhulu, okusho ukuthi awanayo ithonya elikhulu emisebenzini yansuku zonke, ukwelashwa kungase kungadingeki. Kodwa-ke, uma '(ama-tics)' ebucayi, okusho ukuthi aphazamisa umsebenzi, umsebenzi wesikole, ubudlelwano bezenhlalo, noma uma 'ama-tics' athile ebangela ukuzilimaza, ukwelashwa kuyadingeka nakanjani.

Imithi kanye nokwelashwa kokuziphatha kusetshenziswa kakhulu kulokhu.

Ingabe imithi iyasiza?

Yebo, udokotela angakunikeza uhlobo lwemithi ebizwa ngokuthi i-neuroleptics ye-Tourette Syndrome. Le mithi isebenza ngokunciphisa umsebenzi wekhemikhali ebizwa ngokuthi i-dopamine ebuchosheni. Ngoba ukwanda kwamazinga e-dopamine kucatshangwa ukuthi kuyimbangela yokwanda kokudlikiza.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, imithi ehlukile inganikezwa kwezinye izimo ezenzeka ne-Tourette Syndrome, njenge-ADHD noma i-OCD.

Ukwelashwa kokuziphatha kungasiza kanjani?

Sasivame ukuthi ukudikiza okuhambisana ne-Tourette Syndrome akulawuleki futhi kuyazenzekela. Kodwa-ke, kunezindlela ezintsha zokwelapha zokuziphatha ezingasiza ekulawuleni lokhu kudikiza nokunciphisa umthelela wazo omubi empilweni yansuku zonke.

Enye yezindlela zokwelapha eziyinhloko "Ukungenelela Okubanzi Kokuziphatha Kwama-Tics - i-CBIT" . Kalula nje, yenza lokhu:

1. Ukufunda indlela yokuphendula ku-`(tics)`: Uma uzwa i-`(tic)` iza, uzijwayeza ukwenza okuphambene nayo, okungukuthi, ukwenza okunye ukunyakaza noma isenzo esicindezela i-`(tic)`. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi `(competition response)`. Isibonelo, uma uzizwa sengathi uzocwayiza, uzijwayeza ngamabomu ukuvala amehlo akho ngokuqinile esikhundleni salokho.

2. Ukuqeqeshwa kokuqaphela `(Ama-Tics)`: Abanye abantu bazizwa ``benesifiso sokubona kusengaphambili`` ngaphambi kokuba kufike `(ama-tic)`. Njengokuzizwa into engavamile ekhaleni ngaphambi kokuthimula. Uma usufunde ukuqaphela lesi sifiso sokubona kusengaphambili, ungazama ukusicindezela noma ukusishintsha ngaphambi kokuba kufike `(ama-tic)`.

3. Ukusiza ekunciphiseni i-`(Tics)`: `(tics)` kuvame ukwanda uma ukhathazekile, ucindezelekile, noma ujabule kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, ngokuzijwayeza ukuhlala uzolile ngangokunokwenzeka futhi ugweme izimo ezicindezelayo, unganciphisa imvamisa ye-`(tics)`.

Liyini ikusasa lomuntu one-`(Tourette Syndrome)`?

Akukho ukwelashwa kwe-Tourette Syndrome. Kodwa-ke, njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, lesi simo sivame ukuthuthuka kakhulu njengoba abantu bekhula . Nakuba ukudlikizela kungase kuqhubeke, abantu abaningi abadingi imithi noma ukwelashwa kokuziphatha njengoba sebekhulile. Abantu abane-Tourette Syndrome baphila isikhathi esijwayelekile sokuphila . Lokhu kusho ukuthi akuyona inkinga yokuphila isikhathi eside, efinyeza impilo.

Ingabe i-Tourette Syndrome ingavinjelwa?

Cha, ayikho indlela yokuvimbela i-Tourette Syndrome. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi inethonya lezakhi zofuzo. Kodwa-ke, uma itholakale kusenesikhathi futhi yelashwa ngendlela efanele , i-Tourette Syndrome ingavinjelwa ekubeni ibe yimbi kakhulu futhi ingancishiswa ngezinga elithile kuze kube yilapho isikhulile.

Yini engenziwa ukuze kube lula ukuphila ne-Tourette Syndrome?

Ukuphila ne-Tourette Syndrome kungaba yinselele, ikakhulukazi ezinganeni. Kungaba nzima ukugxila emsebenzini wesikole nokuxhumana nabanye. Ngakho-ke, ukwesekwa okuqinile okuvela kubangani, emndenini, nakothisha kungasiza kakhulu ekusizeni ingane ene-Tourette Syndrome ukuthi ilawule lesi simo.

Izingane ezine-Tourette Syndrome nazo zingazuza ku:

• Ukufunda emakilasini anabafundi abambalwa.
• Ukuthola ukunakekelwa komuntu siqu esikoleni.
• Ukuba nesikhathi esengeziwe sokwenza izinto ezifana nemisebenzi.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi ingane, umndeni, kanye nothisha babe nokuqonda okufanele ngalesi simo. Ngemuva kwalokho, esikhundleni sokusola noma ukuhlekisa ngengane, wonke umuntu angayisiza futhi ayisekele ekuthuthukiseni amakhono ayo.

Kufanele ubonane nini nodokotela mayelana ne-`(Tourette Syndrome)`?

Uma umuntu one-Tourette Syndrome ekhombisa noma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu, kufanele abonane nodokotela ngokushesha :

• Uma uziphatha ngobudlova.
• Uma uzilimaza.
• Uma ukhuluma ngokuzibulala. (Ezimweni ezinjalo, eSri Lanka, ungashayela nezinsizakalo zokusekela ezifana no-1926 Sumithrayo.) Esimweni esiphuthumayo, shayela ku-119.

I-Tourette Syndrome yisimo sezinzwa esibangela umuntu ukuba enze ukunyakaza noma imisindo engahleliwe (ama-tics). Lesi sifo sivame ukuqala ebuntwaneni futhi sivame ukuba ngcono njengoba ekhula. Imithi kanye nokwelashwa kokuziphatha yizona zindlela eziyinhloko zokwelapha i-Tourette Syndrome. Odokotela bezinzwa noma odokotela bezifo zengqondo bayelapha lesi simo.

Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya

Kulungile, ake sibukeze ezinye zezinto esikhulume ngazo (i-Tourette Syndrome) esicabanga ukuthi zibalulekile kuwe:

• I-Tourette Syndrome yisimo sobuchopho nesimiso sezinzwa esenzeka ezinganeni. Sibangela ukudlikiza okungalawuleki (ukunyakaza kwemisipha, ukuzwakala kwezwi).
• Lokhu "kukhohlisa" akuhlosiwe. Ngakho-ke ungamsoli umntwana.
• Ezimweni eziningi, lesi simo sincipha kakhulu ngokweminyaka, ikakhulukazi kubantu abasha.
• Lesi simo singaphathwa kahle ngemithi kanye nokwelashwa kokuziphatha kwengqondo (i-CBIT).
• Uthando, ukuqonda, kanye nokusekelwa ingane ene-Tourette Syndrome ekuthola emndenini, kothisha nakubangane kubaluleke kakhulu.
• Uma ufuna ukwazi okwengeziwe ngalokhu, noma uma usola ukuthi ingane yakho inalezi zimpawu, bheka udokotela wezingane, udokotela wezinzwa, noma wezifo zengqondo ukuze uthole iseluleko.

Ungakhathazeki, i-Tourette Syndrome iyisimo esingaphathwa ngempumelelo ngokuqonda nokuphatha okufanele.

I- Tourette Syndrome, Ama-Tics, Ama-Motor Tics, Ama-Vocal Tics, I-Neurology, I-Pediatrics, Ukwelashwa Kokuziphatha