Ingabe ngezinye izikhathi uzizwa sengathi usuvele uthatha imithi yokucindezeleka nokuthi kukhona enye indlela? Uke wezwa ngokwelashwa okungadingi ukuhlinzwa noma i-anesthesia, kodwa okusiza ukubuyisela ukusebenza kobuchopho? Namuhla sizokhuluma ngokwelashwa okumangalisayo okulethe ithemba elisha kubantu abaningi. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi 'i-Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation' noma i-TMS.
Iyini ngempela i-TMS? Imagnethi ithinta kanjani ubuchopho?
Igama lingase lizwakale liyinkimbinkimbi kancane, kodwa ake silichaze. I-TMS iyindlela yokwelapha engangenisi ugesi esebenzisa idivayisi ekhethekile ukuthumela ama-magnetic pulses ezingxenyeni ezithile zobuchopho.
Manje ungase uzibuze, "Imagnethi iwuthinta kanjani ubuchopho?" Kulula kakhulu. Sonke siyazi ukuthi kukhona ukuxhumana okukhulu phakathi kukagesi kanye nemagnetism. Ubuchopho bethu buyindawo esebenzayo kakhulu enezigidi zezimpawu zikagesi ezincane ezihamba phambili naphambili. Amaseli ezinzwa ebuchosheni bethu, abizwa ngokuthi ama-neurons, ayaxhumana, akhuluma wodwa, ngale miyalezo emincane kagesi.
Ukwelashwa nge-TMS kusebenza ngokusebenzisa insimu enamandla yamagnetic engxenyeni ethile yobuchopho, okuvuselela umsebenzi kagesi wemvelo walawo maseli ezinzwa. Ngokukhethekile, ezimweni ezifana nokucindezeleka, ezinye izingxenye zobuchopho kungenzeka ukuthi zilahlekelwe umsebenzi. I-TMS isebenza 'ngokuvuselela' lowo msebenzi olahlekile. Kufana nokuqala kabusha ibhethri yemoto efile. Kungathinta izingxenye zobuchopho ezilawula imizwa yethu, ukwenza izinqumo, kanye nenjabulo.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi lokhu kwelashwa kwenziwe ebusweni bekhanda. Lokhu kusho ukuthi asikho isidingo sokusika ikhanda nganoma iyiphi indlela noma ukufaka noma yini ngaphakathi.
Ingabe kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zokwelapha nge-TMS?
Yebo, kunezindlela eziningana ezahlukene zokwenza ukwelashwa nge-TMS. Kuya ngamandla kazibuthe osetshenzisiwe, imvamisa kanye nephethini yamagagasi kazibuthe athunyelwayo. Ake sibheke izinhlobo eziyinhloko.
| Uhlobo/isici se-TMS | Kalula nje... |
|---|---|
| Amandla Kamagnet | Lokhu kulinganiswa ngamayunithi abizwa ngokuthi i-Tesla (Tesla - T). Ngokuvamile, kusetshenziswa i-magnet enamandla engu-1.5T kuya ku-2T. Lokhu kufana namandla e-magnet ku-MRI scanner. Kodwa-ke, ku-TMS, le nsimu yamagnetic igxile kuhloso encane kakhulu, ethize . |
| Imvamisa Yokushaya Kwenhliziyo | Inani lezikhathi lapho imagnethi ivulwa futhi ivalwa khona ngomzuzwana. Lokhu kulinganiswa nge-Hertz (Hz). Ngezinye izikhathi amagagasi athunyelwa ngesivinini esiphansi (1 Hz), ngezinye izikhathi ngesivinini esiphezulu (5-10 Hz). Lokhu kulethwa okuqhubekayo kwamagagasi kubizwa nangokuthi i-repeating TMS (rTMS). |
| Amaphethini Okushaya Kwenhliziyo | Ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zisebenzisa iphethini ethile yamagagasi. Isibonelo `(Theta-Burst Stimulation - TBS)`. Le ndlela inganciphisa kakhulu isikhathi esichithwa ekwelashweni. |
| I-TMS Ejulile (i-TMS Ejulile - i-dTMS) | Lokhu kusebenzisa idivayisi ekhethekile, njengesigqoko esinomumo we-H. Lokhu kungavuselela izingxenye zobuchopho ezijule kancane kunobuso. Isibonelo, le ndlela itholakale isebenza kangcono ezimweni ezifana ne-`(Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder - OCD)`. |
Yiziphi izimo ezisetshenziswa ukwelashwa kwe-TMS?
I-TMS ngokuvamile akuyona indlela yokwelapha yokuqala. Odokotela bavame ukuyincoma lapho ezinye izindlela zokwelapha, ikakhulukazi imithi, zehlulekile. Iphinde isetshenziswe njengendlela engcono kubantu abangakwazi ukuthola ukwelashwa okufana ne-Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT).
Kunezimo eziningana ezivunyelwe ngokusemthethweni ukwelashwa nge-TMS yizikhungo ezifana ne-US Food and Drug Administration (FDA).
- Isifo Sokucindezeleka Okukhulu (MDD): Ikakhulukazi ukucindezeleka okumelana nokwelashwa.
- Isifo Sokukhathazeka Okungapheli (OCD): Isimo esibonakala ngemicabango engapheli engafuneki kanye nokungakwazi ukulawula izenzo ezizenzayo.
- I-Migraines: Ezinye izinhlobo zekhanda elibuhlungu elibuhlungu.
- Ukuyeka Ukubhema: Njengosizo lokuyeka ukubhema.
Ngaphezu kwalezi zimo ezivunyiwe, ucwaningo luyaqhubeka emhlabeni wonke ukuze kubonwe ukuthi ukwelashwa nge-TMS kungaba wusizo yini kwezinye izimo eziningana. Ezinye zazo zifaka:
- Ukulutheka okuhlukahlukene
- Isifo sika-Alzheimer
- Isifo se-Bipolar
- Ubuhlungu obungapheli
- Isifo sikaParkinson
- Isifo Sokucindezeleka Ngemva Kokuhlukumezeka (PTSD)
- Izinkinga ezibangelwa isifo sohlangothi
- Ukukhala ezindlebeni (i-Tinnitus)
Kwenzekani ngaphambi nangesikhathi sokwelashwa nge-TMS?
Ngaphambi kokuba welashwe nge-TMS, udokotela wakho uzokudlulisela kuchwepheshe oqeqeshwe ngokukhethekile kulo mkhakha. Lochwepheshe uzokhuluma nawe, abukeze umlando wakho wezokwelapha, bese enquma ukuthi lokhu kwelashwa kulungile yini kuwe futhi kuphephile.
Uma ukwelashwa nge-TMS akufanele kwenziwe
Kunezimo ezithile lapho ukwelashwa nge-TMS kungaba yingozi .
- Uma unezinsimbi noma amadivayisi kagesi afakwe emzimbeni wakho: Isibonelo, uma unezitho zokufakelwa ze-cochlear, amapuleti ensimbi ekhanda lakho, noma ama-aneurysm clips ebuchosheni bakho, awukwazi ukuba ne-TMS. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi i-magnet enamandla ku-TMS ingadonsela lezi zingxenye zensimbi. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, kungase kube nobuhlungu noma ukulimala okukhulu.
- Uma unesifo sokuwa noma umlando wokuwa: Ukwelashwa nge-TMS akuvamile ukubangela ukuwa. Ngakho-ke, uma unesifo sokuwa noma uthatha imithi eyandisa ingozi yakho yokuwa, udokotela wakho angase acabangele ukwelashwa okuhlukile.
Uma udokotela wakho esenqume ukuthi lokhu kwelashwa kuphephile kuwe, uzokuchazela uhlelo lokwelashwa. I-TMS akuyona ukwelashwa okwenziwa kanye kuphela. Ngokuvamile kuzodingeka uye emihlanganweni yokwelashwa izinsuku ezintathu kuya kwezinhlanu ngesonto esikhathini esingamasonto amaningana. Isibonelo, ukwelashwa okujwayelekile kokucindezeleka kungamasonto ayi-6 okwelashwa, izinsuku ezi-5 ngesonto.
Kwenzekani ngesikhathi seseshini yokwelapha?
Ake sithi uye kokwelashwa. Okumele ukwenze nje ukwenza into elula kakhulu.
1. Okokuqala, uzohlala esihlalweni esikhululekile kakhulu.
2. Uma izibuko zakho zinezinhlaka zensimbi noma ugqoke ubucwebe bensimbi, bazokucela ukuthi uzisuse. Lesi yisinyathelo sokuphepha.
3. Okulandelayo, uzonikezwa ama-earplug amabili ozowafaka ezindlebeni zakho ukuze unciphise umsindo. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi umshini we-TMS wenza umsindo 'othikhayo' kancane uma uvuliwe. Lokhu kwenzelwa ukuvimbela umsindo ukuthi ungalimazi izindlebe zakho.
4. Ngemuva kwalokho, udokotela noma uchwepheshe ulungisa ikhoyili kamazibuthe yedivayisi ye-TMS endaweni efanele ekhanda lakho.
5. Ngaphambi kokuba ukwelashwa kuqale, bazothola indawo efanele ekhanda lakho futhi bandise kancane kancane amandla kazibuthe, bathumele ama-pulse alodwa. Kuleli qophelo, uzozwa ukuchofoza okuncane ekhanda lakho.
6. Njengoba ukhulisa amandla kazibuthe, ungase uqaphele isandla sakho, ikakhulukazi isithupha sakho, sinyakaza ngokungazelelwe. Lokhu kujwayelekile ngokuphelele. Odokotela balindele lokhu ngoba yindlela abazi ngayo ukuthi sebefinyelele amandla afanele okwelashwa.
7. Uma indawo efanele kanye namandla sekutholiwe, amagagasi kazibuthe azoqala ukuqondiswa ngendlela oyifunayo. Okudingeka ukwenze nje ukuhlala ngokukhululeka esihlalweni.
Isikhathi sokwelashwa ngokuvamile singathatha imizuzu embalwa kuya kwengxenye yehora . Siyahlukahluka kuye ngohlobo lokwelashwa olutholayo. Ngemva kokuphela kokwelashwa, ungabuyela emisebenzini yakho evamile ngaphandle kokuphatheka kabi.
Yiziphi izinzuzo nezingozi zokwelashwa nge-TMS?
Njenganoma iyiphi indlela yokwelapha, i-TMS inezinzuzo kanye nezingozi ezithile.
| Izinzuzo | Izingozi Nemiphumela Engemihle |
|---|---|
| Akukho ukuhlinzwa okudingekayo (Okungenasihlaseli): Akukho ukuhlinzwa okudingakalayo, ukunqunywa, noma yini okufanele yenziwe. Ungaya ekhaya ngokushesha ngemva kokwelashwa. | Ukuquleka: Lena ingozi enkulu kakhulu, kodwa ayivamile kakhulu . Ingozi ingaphansi kuka-0.01% (lokho cishe yinye kwezikhathi zokwelashwa eziyi-10,000). |
| Kuphephile: Imiphumela emibi ngokuvamile ayibi mibi futhi ivame ukuba yesikhashana. | Ikhanda elibuhlungu: Abanye abantu bangase babe nekhanda elincane ngemva kokwelashwa. |
| Kuyasebenza:Ucwaningo luye lwafakazela ngokusobala ukuthi lokhu kwelashwa kuyasebenza ezimweni ezifanele. | Ubuhlungu/ukungakhululeki ekhanda noma entanyeni: Ungase uzizwe ubuhlungu noma ukungakhululeki okuncane lapho kufakwe khona i-magnet. |
| Kungasindisa izimpilo: Kulabo abanokucindezeleka okukhulu kanye nemicabango yokuzibulala, lokhu kwelashwa kunganciphisa izimpawu futhi kunikeze ithemba elisha lokuphila. | Ukuzizwa unesizungu. |
| Kungenziwa ngezinye izindlela zokwelapha: Lokhu kwelashwa kungenziwa ngenkathi uthatha imithi noma uya kokwelulekwa. | Umuzwa wokuba ndikindiki emisipheni yobuso noma yekhanda. |
Okubalulekile: Iningi lale miphumela emibi incane kakhulu futhi iyanyamalala phakathi nemizuzu embalwa kusukela ngesikhathi sokwelashwa.
Kufanele ubonane nini nodokotela?
Uma unikezwe ukwelashwa nge-TMS, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuya emihlanganweni yakho yokwelashwa ngesikhathi, njengoba udokotela wakho encoma . Ukungatholakali kwemihlangano kunganciphisa ukusebenza kahle kokwelashwa.
Futhi, uma imiphumela emibi obhekene nayo ibonakala inzima, noma uma usazizwa ungakhululekile emahoreni amaningi ngemva kokwelashwa, qiniseka ukuthi wazisa udokotela wakho.
Yini okufanele uyenze uma kunesimo esiphuthumayo?
Abantu abanezimo ezifana nokucindezeleka noma i-OCD ngezinye izikhathi bangaba nemicabango yokuzilimaza noma yokuzibulala. Uma wena noma othile omaziyo enale micabango, sicela ungahlupheki wedwa. Funa usizo ngokushesha.
- Ucingo Lukazwelonke Losizo Lwezempilo Yengqondo: Shayela ku -1926 .
- Sumithrayo: Shayela ku- 011 2696666 futhi ungaxoxa ngemizwa yakho nomuntu onobungane noyimfihlo.
- Uma unomuzwa wokuthi ungase ube sengozini ngokushesha, hamba uye eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela esiseduze ngokushesha.
I-TMS akuyona ikhambi eliyisimangaliso lazo zonke izifo, kodwa ikwazile ukunikeza abantu abaningi abangakwazanga ukululama kwezinye izindlela zokwelapha ithuba elisha lokuphila. Ngakho-ke, uma wena noma othile omaziyo ehlushwa ukugula kwengqondo, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngalezi zindlela zokwelapha zesimanje.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-TMS iyindlela yokwelapha ephephile, engadingi ukuhlinzwa esebenzisa amaza kazibuthe ukubuyisela ukusebenza kwamaseli ezinzwa ebuchosheni.
- Lokhu kwelashwa kuvame ukusetshenziswa ezimweni zempilo yengqondo njengokucindezeleka kanye ne-OCD engaphenduli emithini.
- Ngaphambi kokwelashwa, kubalulekile ukutshela udokotela uma unezitho zomzimba zensimbi emzimbeni wakho noma umlando wokuxhuzula.
- Imiphumela emibi ivame ukuba mincane futhi iphela ngesikhathi esifushane ngemva kokwelashwa (njengekhanda elibuhlungu, isiyezi). Izingozi ezinkulu azivamile.
- Udokotela wakho kuphela onganquma ukuthi ukwelashwa nge-TMS kulungile yini kuwe, ngakho khuluma nodokotela wakho ngalokhu ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe.
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