Wake waphawula ukuthi uma ume isikhathi eside noma njengoba ukhula, imilenze yakho iba luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka bese ibonakala inamafindo? Abanye abantu banemilenze evuvukile, ethambile, futhi esindayo. Lokhu yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi isifo semithambo yegazi. Ungesabi uma uzwa leli gama. Lesi yisimo esivame kakhulu. Namuhla, sizokhuluma ngalokhu kanye nokwelashwa kwaso ngendlela elula kakhulu ongayiqonda.
Iyini Isifo Semithambo?
Kulungile, ake siqale sibone ukuthi kuyini lokhu. Sinezinhlobo ezimbili zemithambo yegazi emzimbeni wethu. Eyokuqala yimithambo yegazi, ethwala igazi elihlanzekile lisuka enhliziyweni liye kuwo wonke umzimba. Eyokuqala yimithambo yegazi, ethwala igazi elingcolile libuyele enhliziyweni.
Cabanga ngale mithambo njengemizila ehamba ngendlela eyodwa . Le mizila ineminyango emincane evimba igazi ukuthi ligeleze emuva. Siyibiza ngokuthi ama-valve. Le minyango iyavuleka lapho igazi likhuphuka, bese ivala futhi ukuze igazi ligeleze emuva.
Manje, isifo semithambo yegazi yilapho leyo nqubo ihamba kabi. Ikakhulukazi esimweni esibizwa ngokuthi ukungasebenzi kahle kwemithambo yegazi, leyo minyango emincane engiyishilo, ama-valve, ayisebenzi kahle. Uma ingavaleki kahle, igazi liqala ukugeleza emuva esikhundleni sokuya phezulu, noma limile. Yilapho kuvela khona izinkinga.
Izinhlobo ezivamile zezifo zemithambo yegazi
Uma kukhulunywa ngesifo semithambo yegazi, akulona uhlobo olulodwa nje kuphela, kodwa kunezimo eziningana ngaphansi kwaso.
- Amahlule egazi: Ukwakheka kwehlule legazi ngaphakathi emthanjeni.
- Ukungasebenzi kahle kwemithambo yegazi okungapheli (CVI): Isimo lapho ama-valve emithanjeni yemilenze eba buthakathaka futhi igazi lingahambi kahle libuyele enhliziyweni.
- I-Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT): Ihlule legazi elakheka emthanjeni omkhulu, ojulile ngaphakathi emzimbeni. Lesi yisimo esiyingozi kancane.
- I-Pulmonary Embolism: Ihlule legazi, elifana ne-DVT, eliphuma emthanjeni bese lihlala emthanjeni emaphashini. Lesi yisimo esiphuthumayo.
- I-Exficial thrombophlebitis: Ukuvuvukala komthambo ngaphansi kwesikhumba onamahlule egazi.
- Imithambo ye-Varicose kanye neyesicabucabu: Imithambo ebonakala ivuvukele, ikhukhumele, futhi iluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka/onsomi, ibonakala esikhumbeni.
Hlobo luni lodokotela abaphatha lezi zifo?
Uma unenkinga efana nale, uzokwelashwa udokotela onolwazi kule ndawo. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zochwepheshe ikakhulukazi.
1. Udokotela wezokwelapha ngemithambo yegazi:Laba odokotela baxilonga futhi banikeze imithi yezifo zemithambo yegazi. Bangenza nezinqubo ezingangenisi kakhulu.
2. Udokotela ohlinzayo wemithambo yegazi: Laba odokotela baphinde baxilonge futhi belaphe izifo. Kodwa-ke, baqeqeshwe ngokukhethekile ukuze benze ukuhlinzwa uma kudingeka.
Uma uqala ukubona udokotela womndeni wakho (GP), uzohlola isimo sakho bese ekudlulisela kuchwepheshe onjengalona uma kudingeka.
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha ezingadingi ukuhlinzwa?
Akuzona zonke imithambo ye-varicose edinga ukuhlinzwa. Ezimweni eziningi, ingaphathwa ngokwelashwa okulula, okungadingi ukuhlinzwa. Ngezinye izikhathi lokhu kusetshenziswa kanye nezinye izindlela zokwelapha.
- Ukuvimbela ukujiya kwegazi: Lokhu kubizwa nangokuthi ama-blood thinners. Le mithi ivimbela ukwakheka kwama-blood clots futhi ivimbele ama-clots akhona ukuthi abe makhudlwana. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ezimweni ezifana ne-DVT.
- Amasokisi okucindezela: Lawa awafani namasokisi avamile. La masokisi acindezela imilenze. Kunjengokungathi othile uyayicindezela. Lokhu kucindezela kusiza igazi elisemilenzeni ukuthi likhuphukele phezulu, liye enhliziyweni, esikhundleni sokuma.
- Izinguquko zendlela yokuphila: Ngisho nezinguquko ezincane emikhubeni yakho yansuku zonke zingenza umehluko omkhulu.
- Ukuzivocavoca umzimba, njengokuhamba .
- Uma uhleli, phakamisa imilenze yakho njengesihlalo .
- Ukulawula isisindo somzimba .
- I-Sclerotherapy: Lokhu kuyindlela yokwelapha imithambo ye-varicose. Isixazululo esikhethekile sifakwa emthanjeni onenkinga. Lesi sixazululo sibangela ukuba umthambo uvuvuke, uvuvuke, futhi ungasebenzi. Ukugeleza kwegazi kulowo mthambo kuyayeka futhi igazi liqala ukugeleza emithanjeni enempilo. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, umzimba umunca umthambo ongasebenzi.
Ukwelashwa kusetshenziswa i-catheter
I-catheter iyipayipi elincane kakhulu neliguquguqukayo . Kulokhu kwelashwa, udokotela wenza ukusika okuncane kakhulu esikhumbeni bese efaka leli payipi elincane emthanjeni. Inzuzo yalezi zindlela ukuthi akukho ukusika okukhulu, ngakho-ke isikhathi sokuphulukiswa sifushane futhi ingozi yezinkinga iphansi.
| Indlela yokwelapha (Inqubo) | Kalula nje, kwenzekani? |
|---|---|
| I-Angioplasty | Ibhaluni elincane ekugcineni kwe-catheter liyafuthwa ngaphakathi komthambo ovalekile. Lokhu kuvula umthambo ovalekile futhi kubuyisele ukugeleza kwegazi. Ngezinye izikhathi ithubhu elincane elinoxhumano olubizwa ngokuthi i-stent lifakwa ngaphakathi ukuze livimbele ukuthi lingavimbeki futhi. |
| Ukwelashwa nge-thrombolytic okuqondiswa yi-catheter | Umuthi ongancibilikisa ihlule legazi ufakwa nge-catheter uye endaweni yehlule. Lo muthi ungena ngqo ehluleni, okwenza lincibilike phakathi namahora noma izinsuku ezimbalwa. |
| Ukususwa kokushisa okungaphakathi | Lokhu kubizwa nangokuthi ukwelashwa nge-laser. Lapha, imisebe ye-laser noma amandla okushisa asetshenziswa ukushisa umthambo onenkinga ngaphakathi futhi uwenze ungasebenzi. Ngemuva kwalokho, igazi liyayeka ukugeleza kulowo mthambo, bese imithambo emihle yenza umsebenzi. |
| Isihlungi se-Vena cava | Lesi isihlungi esifana nesambulela esincane. Sifakwa ngaphakathi komthambo omkhulu emzimbeni wethu, i-Vena Cava. Lesi sihlungi sivimba amahlule egazi akheka emilenzeni ukuthi angaphuki aye enhliziyweni noma emaphashini. Sifana nenetha lokubamba ukungcola. Singafakwa okwesikhashana noma unomphela. |
Ukwelashwa ngokuhlinzwa
Kwezinye izimo, ukuhlinzwa kuyadingeka.
Kunini lapho kudingeka khona ukuhlinzwa?
- Uma ezinye izindlela zokwelapha ezilula zingakavezi imiphumela ephumelelayo.
- Uma isifo sakho semithambo yegazi siphazamisa imisebenzi yakho yansuku zonke kuze kube sezingeni lapho ungakwazi ukwenza lutho.
- Uma usengozini enkulu yokuba nesimo esiyingozi njenge-DVT noma i-pulmonary embolism.
Izinhlobo eziyinhloko zokuhlinzwa
- Ukubopha nokususa: Imithambo ye-varicose isuswa ngokuhlinzwa ngokubopha umthambo bese isuswa ngokuphelele.
- Ukuhlinzwa kwe-SEPS (Ukuhlinzwa Kwe-Subfascial Endoscopic Perforator):Lokhu ukuhlinzwa okuyinkimbinkimbi kancane. Kwenziwa kubantu abanezilonda zemithambo emilenzeni yabo ezingapholi ngenxa yemithambo eyonakele. Imithambo eyonakele iyanqunywa bese ukugeleza kwegazi kuqondiswa emithanjeni enempilo.
- Ukuhlinzwa kokudlula igazi: Kufana nokwakha i-bypass ukuze kudlule ukuvaleka komthambo. Uma kukhona ukuvaleka komthambo okuvimbela igazi ukuthi ligeleze, udokotela wakho uzodala indlela entsha yokuthi igazi ligeleze eduze kokuvaleka komthambo. Lokhu kungenziwa kusetshenziswa ingxenye yomthambo wakho noma ipayipi lokwenziwa.
Ingabe lezi zifo zingelapheka ngokuphelele?
Lona umbuzo abantu abaningi abawubuzayo. Kwezinye izimo, yebo. Isibonelo, uma une-varicose vein, ukususa lowo mthambo kuzoyixazulula ngokuphelele inkinga. Kodwa-ke, ngeke kuvimbele ukwakheka komthambo omusha we-varicose kwenye indawo.
Kodwa akuzona zonke izifo zemithambo yegazi ezingelapheka ngokuphelele. Ngezinye izikhathi umgomo wokwelashwa ukulawula izimpawu nokuvimbela izinkinga eziyingozi, njengokuqhekeka kwegazi emaphashini.
Isibonelo, isihlungi se-vena cava sivimba amahlule egazi ukuthi angahambi aye emaphashini, kodwa asisusi amahlule akhona. Izinto zokunciphisa igazi zivimba ukwakheka kwamahlule amasha, kodwa azincibilikisi akhona. Ngakho-ke umgomo wokwelashwa uzohluka kuye ngesimo sakho.
Yiziphi izinzuzo nezingozi zokwelashwa?
Njenganoma yikuphi ukwelashwa kwezokwelapha, lokhu kwelashwa kunezinzuzo kanye nezingozi ezithile.
Inzuzo eyinhloko ukuvikelwa ezinkingeni ezisongela impilo. Iphinde inikeze impumuzo ezimpawini ezingaphazamisa impilo yansuku zonke, njenge:
- Ubuhlungu besisu noma umhlane
- Imithambo evuvukele
- Ubunzima kanye nobuhlungu emilenzeni
- Izilonda ezilumayo noma ezingapholi
- Ukuvuvukala
Uma sikhuluma ngezingozi, imithi yokunciphisa igazi ngezinye izikhathi ingabangela ukopha okungafunwa. Kunethuba elincane lokutheleleka ngenxa yokuhlinzwa nezinye izinqubo.
Kodwa into ebalulekile ukuthi ezimweni eziningi, izinzuzo zokwelashwa zidlula izingozi ezincane. Udokotela wakho uzochaza ukuthi yikuphi ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu nokuphephile kuwe ngokusekelwe esimweni sakho sempilo.
Isikhathi sokululama kanye nesikhathi sokubonana nodokotela
Ngemva kokwelashwa usebenzisa i-catheter, ngokuvamile ungabuyela emisebenzini evamile zingakapheli izinsuku ezimbalwa. Kodwa-ke, uma uke wahlinzwa kakhulu, kungathatha amasonto amabili noma ngaphezulu ukuze ululame ngokugcwele.
Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezilandelayo ngemva kokwelashwa noma ukuhlinzwa, yazisa udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
| Izimpawu zesixwayiso okufanele uziqaphele | |
|---|---|
| - Ubuhlungu besifuba | - Ikhanda elibuhlungu |
| - Ukopha okuqhubekayo noma olunye uketshezi oluvela enxebeni lokuhlinzwa | - Ukucanuzela noma ukuhlanza |
| - Imfiva | - Ubuhlungu noma ukuvuvukala okuzungeze inxeba (i-edema) |
| - Ukuba ndikindiki ezandleni noma ezinyaweni | -Ububomvu noma ukufudumala okuzungeze inxeba |
Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu, ungazinaki. Zingaba uphawu lokutheleleka noma enye inkinga.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Isifo semithambo yegazi yisimo esenzeka lapho ama-valve (amasango) emithanjeni engasebenzi kahle, okubangela ukuba igazi lime noma ligeleze emuva.
- Imithambo ye-varicose, ukuvuvukala kwemilenze, kanye nokusinda emilenzeni kuyizimpawu ezivamile zalesi simo.
- Kunezindlela eziningi ezahlukene zokwelapha lokhu, okuhlanganisa imithi, amasokisi akhethekile, izinguquko zendlela yokuphila, ukwelashwa nge-catheter, kanye nokuhlinzwa.
- Udokotela wakho uzonquma ukuthi yikuphi ukwelashwa okufanelekela kangcono isimo sakho.
- Uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu ezingavamile ngemva kokwelashwa, njengobuhlungu besifuba, umkhuhlane, noma ukuphuma kwegazi esilondeni, xhumana nodokotela wakho ngokushesha.
- Ungesabi, ngemithi ethuthukisiwe yanamuhla, abantu abaningi bangakwazi ukulawula lezi zimo futhi baphile impilo egcwele, esebenzayo.
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