Wake wazizwa sengathi inhliziyo yakho yaqala ukushaya ngokushesha ngaphandle kwesizathu? Kuwumuzwa ongakhululekile neze, ohambisana nomuzwa wokusinda, ukuqina esifubeni sakho, kanye nesiyezi. Ngezinye izikhathi lokhu kungaba yinto evamile. Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi kungaba uphawu lwesimo senhliziyo esingathi sína, ngezinye izikhathi esisongela ukuphila esibizwa ngokuthi i-Ventricular Tachycardia (VT noma i-V-tach) . Namuhla, sizoxoxa ngalokhu ngendlela elula ongayiqonda.
Kalula nje, iyini i-Ventricular Tachycardia (VT)?
Kulungile, ake siqale sibheke ukuthi kuyini lokhu. Inhliziyo yethu inezindawo ezine eziyinhloko. Amakamelo amabili aphezulu kanye namakamelo amabili aphansi. Ngokuvamile, inhliziyo enempilo iqala ukushaya ngesignali kagesi evela emagumbini aphezulu.
Kodwa kulesi simo esibizwa ngokuthi i-Ventricular Tachycardia (VT), ukushaya kwenhliziyo kuqala emakamelweni amabili aphansi enhliziyo, abizwa ngokuthi ama-ventricles . Inkinga lapha ukuthi ukushaya kwenhliziyo okuqala ngale ndlela kuyashesha kakhulu . Inhliziyo ivame ukuqala ukushaya ngesivinini sokushaya okungaphezu kwe-100 ngomzuzu.
Cabanga ngakho njengephampu yamanzi. Ipompa igazi emzimbeni wonke. Uma inhliziyo ishaya ngendlela evamile, ifana nebhasi elihamba ngesikhathi. Linika abantu isikhathi esanele sokuhamba nokwehla. Lokho kusho ukuthi amakamelo enhliziyo anesikhathi esanele sokugcwalisa igazi nokupompa igazi eligcwele emzimbeni.
Kodwa ku-VT, kufana naleli bhasi elihamba ngesivinini esikhulu ngaphandle kokuma esitobhini. Inhliziyo ishaya ngokushesha kangangokuthi amakamelo awatholi isikhathi sokugcwala igazi kahle. Ngakho umzimba awukwazi ukupompa inani legazi nomoya-mpilo olidingayo. Yingakho umfutho wegazi wehla ngokuzumayo. Lena ingozi yalesi simo.
I-VT ehlala imizuzwana embalwa ingase ingadali umonakalo omkhulu. Kodwa uma lesi simo sihlala imizuzwana engaphezu kwengu-30 , kuyisimo esibi kakhulu. Sidinga ukwelashwa ngokushesha. Ngoba lokhu kungaphenduka esinye isimo esiyingozi esibizwa ngokuthi 'i-Ventricular Fibrillation', futhi ngisho nokufa kungavela ngenxa yokuma kwenhliziyo okungazelelwe.
Ziyini izimpawu zalesi simo?
Uma inhliziyo ingakwazi ukupompa igazi elanele emzimbeni, izitho zethu namaseli awatholi umoya-mpilo awudingayo. Yilapho lezi zimpawu ziqala khona ukuvela.
| Isibonakaliso | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| Ubuhlungu besifuba | Umuzwa wokuqina noma ukucindezeleka esifubeni ngenxa yokuthi imisipha yenhliziyo ayitholi umoya-mpilo owanele. |
| Ukuphelelwa umoya | Ukuzizwa ukhathele futhi ukhathele ngenxa yokuntuleka komoya-mpilo emzimbeni. |
| Ukushaya kwenhliziyo | Umuzwa wokuthi inhliziyo ishaya kakhulu, ngokushesha, noma ngendlela engavamile. Abanye abantu baze bazizwe lokhu entanyeni yabo. |
| Isiyezi / Ukungabi nakhanda elibanzi | Ukuzizwa unesizungu futhi unamehlo aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngenxa yokunganeli kwegazi nomoya-mpilo ebuchosheni. |
| Ukuquleka / Ukuquleka | Uphawu olubi oluvela lapho umfutho wegazi wehla kakhulu, okuholela ekuphazamisekeni kokunikezwa kwegazi ebuchosheni. |
Yiziphi izimbangela ze-Ventricular Tachycardia (VT)?
Kunezimbangela eziningana ezingaba khona ze-VT. Ngezinye izikhathi, azikho izizathu ezithile ezingatholakala. Kodwa-ke, imbangela evame kakhulu yisimo esibizwa ngokuthi isifo senhliziyo esibangelwa yi-ischemic . Lokhu kusho ukuthi imithambo yenhliziyo enikeza igazi enhliziyweni ivinjiwe yizinqwaba zamafutha (i-atherosclerosis), okuvimbela imisipha yenhliziyo ukuthi ithole igazi nomoya-mpilo oyidingayo.
| Imbangela | Kwenzekani ngalokhu? |
|---|---|
| Isifo senhliziyo | Ukusha kwemisipha yenhliziyo ngenxa yokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo kwangaphambilini kungaphazamisa uhlelo lokuhambisa izimpawu zenhliziyo. |
| I-cardiomyopathy | Ukusebenza kwenhliziyo kungaphazamiseka ngenxa yobuthakathaka, ukuqina, noma ukwanda kwemisipha yenhliziyo. |
| Isifo se-valve yenhliziyo | Lesi simo singase senzeke uma ama-valve enhliziyo engasebenzi kahle, okubangela ukuba inhliziyo isebenze kanzima. |
| Ukungalingani kwe-electrolyte | Ukwehla noma ukwanda kwama-electrolyte afana ne-potassium ne-magnesium emzimbeni kuthinta umsebenzi kagesi wenhliziyo. |
| Eminye imithi | Eminye imithi esetshenziswa ukulawula isigqi senhliziyo (imithi yokulwa nokushaya kwenhliziyo) ngezinye izikhathi ingabangela i-VT njengomphumela ongemuhle. |
| Izikhuthazi | Ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ezifana ne-cocaine noma i-methamphetamine kungathinta kabi inhliziyo. |
| Ezinye izimo zofuzo | I-VT ingabangelwa nayizimo ezithile zofuzo, njenge-long QT syndrome. |
Ingabe le ngozi ingancishiswa?
Yebo, ezimweni eziningi, ukulawula izimo zenhliziyo eziyisisekelo ezibangela i-VT kunganciphisa le ngozi. Kalula nje, ukugcina inhliziyo yakho iphilile yinto ebaluleke kakhulu.
Nazi ezinye izinto ongayenza ngakho:
- Ukudla okunempilo: Yamukela ukudla okunamafutha amancane nosawoti, kanye nemifino eminingi, izithelo, kanye nemifino eluhlaza.
- Ukuzivocavoca okuvamile:Khuluma nodokotela wakho bese ulandela uhlelo lokuzivocavoca olukufanele.
- Ukulondoloza isisindo esinempilo: Zama ukugcina isisindo esinempilo esifanelana nobude bakho.
- Gwema ukubhema: Uma ubhema, yeka ngokuphelele. Lokhu kungenye yezinzuzo ezinkulu zenhliziyo.
- Ukuthatha imithi ngendlela efanele: Uma unezimo ezifana nomfutho wegazi ophakeme noma i-cholesterol ephezulu, thatha imithi oyinikezwe udokotela wakho ngesikhathi esifanele.
Odokotela bakuthola kanjani lokhu?
Uma ucabanga ukuthi unezimpawu ze-VT, udokotela wakho uzoqala akubuze ngezimpawu zakho, ukuthi ukhona yini emndenini wakho onesifo senhliziyo, kanye nomlando wakho wezokwelapha. Ngemuva kwalokho bazokwenza ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba futhi bahlole izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo yakho.
Isivivinyo esiyinhloko sokuthola lesi simo ngokuqinisekile yi- ECG (i-Electrocardiogram) .
Lokhu kwenziwa ngokuqopha umsebenzi kagesi wenhliziyo yakho. Ngokubheka lo mugqa we-ECG, udokotela wakho angabona kalula noma yikuphi ukukhubazeka kwesigqi senhliziyo yakho, ikakhulukazi amaphethini ahlobene ne-VT.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungase kudingeke ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe ukuze kutholakale imbangela nokuqonda ubucayi besimo.
- I-Cardiac Event Monitor: Lena idivayisi encane ongayithatha uye nayo ekhaya uyigqoke. Ingaqopha isigqi senhliziyo yakho uma unezimpawu.
- Ukuhlolwa Kokucindezeleka: I-ECG ithathwa ngenkathi uzivocavoca (ugijima ku-treadmill) ukuze kubonwe ukuthi inhliziyo yakho isebenza kanjani uma ucindezelekile.
- I-Echocardiogram: Lokhu ukuskena kwenhliziyo. Kuyasiza ukuqonda kangcono ubukhulu, ukuma, ukusebenza kwemisipha, kanye nesimo sama-valve.
- Ucwaningo lwe-Electrophysiology (EPS): Lolu vivinyo oluyinkimbinkimbi kancane. Izintambo ezincane (ama-catheter) zidluliselwa enhliziyweni futhi uhlelo lukagesi lwenhliziyo lufundwa ngokuphelele.
- I-Coronary Angiogram: Ukuhlolwa kokuhlola ukuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi ehambisa igazi enhliziyweni.
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha lokhu?
Ukwelashwa kuncike ezimpawini zakho, ukuthi i-VT yakho isibe khona isikhathi esingakanani, kanye nesimo sezokwelapha esiyisisekelo esibangela lokho.
Ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo
Uma i-VT ihlala imizuzwana engaphezu kwengu-30 noma uzwa izimpawu ezinzima (ubuhlungu besifuba, ukulahlekelwa ukwazi), kuyisimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha.
- Ukuguqulwa kwenhliziyo: Lokhu kuhilela ukunikeza ukushaqeka ngogesi ukuze kumiswe ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile bese uzama ukukubuyisela esigqini esijwayelekile.
- I-CPR (Ukuvuselelwa Kwenhliziyo Nezinso): Indlela yokuzama ukuqala kabusha inhliziyo yesiguli uma isimile.
- Imithi efakwa ngemithambo yegazi:Imithi efana ne-Amiodarone noma i-Procainamide inikezwa ngemithambo yegazi (IV) ukuzama ukulawula ukushaya kwenhliziyo.
Uma wena noma othile omaziyo enezimpawu ezifana nobuhlungu besifuba, ubunzima obukhulu bokuphefumula, noma ukuquleka, shayela u-1990 ngokushesha noma uye esibhedlela esiseduze i-Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU). Ungalibali.
Ukwelashwa kwesikhathi eside
Ngemva kokuba isimo esiphuthumayo sesilawulwa, ukwelashwa kwesikhathi eside kuyadingeka ukuvimbela lesi simo ukuthi singaphinde sivele.
- Imithi: Imithi efana nama-beta-blockers inganciphisa izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo futhi ivimbele i-VT. Eminye imithi ingasiza ekugcineni isigqi senhliziyo sijwayelekile. Le mithi ingaba nemiphumela emibi, ngakho khuluma nodokotela wakho ngayo.
- Idivayisi ye-ICD (Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator): Lokhu kufana nomlondolozi wokuphila kwenhliziyo. Iyithuluzi elincane elifakwe ngaphansi kwesikhumba sesifuba. Lihlala liqapha isigqi senhliziyo. Uma kwenzeka isigqi esiyingozi njenge-VT, le divayisi iveza ngokuzenzakalelayo ukushaqeka okuncane kagesi ukuze kubuyiselwe inhliziyo esimweni sayo esijwayelekile.
- Ukususwa Kwenhliziyo: Lokhu kungenye indlela yokwelapha ekhethekile. Ucwaningo lwe-electrophysiology (EPS) lusetshenziswa ukuthola indawo eqondile ye-VT enhliziyweni. Bese kuthi, kusetshenziswa i-catheter ekhethekile, amanye amaseli akuleyo ndawo abhujiswe ukushisa noma ukubanda okukhulu. Lokhu kufana nokulungisa ucingo lukagesi olunephutha. Kwabanye abantu, lokhu kwelashwa kungaze kwelaphe ngokuphelele i-VT.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Ventricular Tachycardia (VT) iyisigqi senhliziyo esisheshayo nesinzima esiqala emakamelweni aphansi enhliziyo.
- Ubuhlungu besifuba, isiyezi, ukuphelelwa umoya, kanye nokulahlekelwa ukwazi yizimpawu eziyinhloko. Lokhu akufanele neze kunganakwa.
- Ngokuvamile imbangela eyinhloko ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo ngaphambilini noma esinye isimo senhliziyo.
- Kunezindlela zokwelapha eziphumelela kakhulu njengemithi, amadivayisi e-ICD, kanye nokususwa kwenhliziyo.
- Uma unalesi simo, landela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho ngqo. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuya emitholampilo ngesikhathi futhi uphuze imithi yakho njengoba uyalelwe.
- Ngokulandela indlela yokuphila enempilo, ungavikela inhliziyo yakho futhi unciphise ingozi yokuba nezimo ezinjengalezi.
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