Ingabe uke waba nobunzima bokuphefumula noma ubuhlungu besifuba ngokuzumayo futhi udokotela wakutshele ukuthi wenze i-VQ scan? Kungenzeka ukuthi uzizwe wesaba kancane lapho esho lokho. "Kuyini lokhu kuskena kwe-VQ?" "Kubukeka kanjani?" "Kubuhlungu?" Kungase kuvele imibuzo eminingi engqondweni. Ungakhathazeki, sizoxoxa ngalokhu kalula namuhla, ngendlela ongayiqonda.
Kalula nje, kuyini ukuskena kwe-VQ?
I-VQ scan iyisivivinyo esingenabuhlungu, esinezingxenye ezimbili esithatha izithombe zokusebenza kwamaphaphu akho. Ibheka kakhulu ukuthi amaphaphu akho asebenza kahle kangakanani nokuthi igazi lakho ligeleza kahle kangakanani kuwo .
Lena incazelo yezinhlamvu ezimbili egameni layo.
- Uhlamvu "V" lumelela i-Ventilation . Yinqubo lapho umoya ungena futhi uphume khona emaphashini uma uphefumula.
- Uhlamvu "Q" lumelela i-Perfusion . Lubhekisela enanini kanye nokugeleza kwegazi okunikezwa emithanjeni yegazi emincane emaphashini.
Kalula nje, lokhu kufana nokuhlola ukuthi imigwaqo edolobheni (imigwaqo yomoya) isesimweni esihle yini nokuthi akukho yini ukuminyana kwezimoto kuleyo migwaqo (ukujikeleza kwegazi).
Kungani udokotela angancoma ukuhlolwa kwe-VQ?
Isizathu esiyinhloko nesivame kakhulu sokuba udokotela ayale lokhu kuhlolwa yilapho esola ukuthi kukhona ihlule legazi emaphashini. Lesi simo saziwa ngokwezokwelapha ngokuthi i-pulmonary embolism (PE) . Lesi kungaba yisimo esiyingozi kakhulu , ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuthola ukuxilongwa nokwelashwa ngokushesha okukhulu.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, lokhu kuskena kwe-VQ kusetshenziswa kwezinye izimo eziningana:
- Qaphela isimo esithi ``Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension (CTEPH),`` okuyisifo esikhuphula umfutho wegazi emaphashini.
- Hlola ukusebenza kwamaphaphu ngemva kokufakelwa amaphaphu.
- Ngaphambi kokususa ingxenye noma lonke iphaphu ngokuhlinzwa, hlola ukusebenza kwephaphu elisele.
- Hlola ukusebenza kwamaphaphu kumuntu onezinye izifo zamaphaphu, njenge-COPD.
Kwenzekani ngempela kulesi sivivinyo?
Kulungile, manje ake sibone ukuthi kwenzekani ngaphakathi kwalolu vivinyo. Lokhu kwenziwa ngezingxenye ezimbili ngosuku olufanayo, ingxenye eyodwa yenziwa ngokushesha nje lapho enye isiqediwe.
1. Ingxenye Yokuqala (Umoya - ukubheka ukunyakaza komoya):Kulokhu, ugqoka idivayisi ekhethekile yokuphefumula (njengemaski). Uphefumula ngayo. Into encane kakhulu, ephephile enemisebe ebizwa ngokuthi i-"tracer" ifakwa emoyeni owuphefumulayo. Lokhu kufana nokufaka "tag" encane emoyeni. Bese ikhamera ekhethekile ithatha izithombe. Ngenxa ye-"tag", izindawo lapho umoya udlula khona emaphashini akho zingabonakala ngokucacile ezithombeni.
2. Ingxenye 2 (Ukuphuma Kwegazi): Kulokhu, kufakwa into enomsebe (i-tracer) ephephile ngendlela efanayo emthanjeni osengalweni yakho. Le 'tag' ihamba negazi emzimbeni wakho wonke nasemaphashini akho. Ikhamera efanayo esetshenziswe ngaphambilini ithatha izithombe futhi. Lokhu kubonisa ukuthi igazi ligeleza kuphi emaphashini akho.
Ngokuqhathanisa lezi zithombe ezimbili, udokotela uzonquma ukuthi kunenkinga yini ngamaphaphu akho.
I-VQ scan ihluke kanjani kwi-CT scan?
Lona umbuzo abantu abaningi abanawo. Nakuba kokubili ukuskena kwe-VQ kanye nokuskena kwe-CT kuthatha izithombe zamaphaphu, kunemehluko ebalulekile phakathi kwalokhu okubili.
| Isici | Ukuskena kwe-VQ | I-CT Scan |
|---|---|---|
| Yini esetshenziswayo | Isidakamizwa esinomsakazo (i-tracer) sinikezwa ngokuphefumula nangokujova. | Idayi ekhethekile (i-Contrast Dye) inikezwa ngomjovo. |
| Izinga lemisebe | Imisebe emincane kune-CT scan. | Imisebe iphakeme kune-VQ scan. |
| Kwabagulayo bezinso | Kuphephile kakhulu kubantu abanenkinga yokungasebenzi kahle kwezinso. | Idayi esetshenziswa kuma-CT scan ingaba yingozi ngoba ingathinta izinso. |
| Kulabo abangezwani nodayi | Kuphephile kakhulu , ngoba uhlobo lodayi olusetshenziswa ku-CT scan alusetshenziswa. | Uma une-allergy kumadayi, awukwazi ukuwasebenzisa. |
Ingabe ngidinga ukulungiselela ngaphambi kokuhlolwa?
Lena into engcono kakhulu. Akukho ukulungiselela okukhethekile okudingekayo ukuze kuhlolwe i-VQ. Ungadla, uphuze, futhi uphuze imithi yakho njengenjwayelo. Kodwa-ke, kunezinto ezimbalwa okufanele uzitshele udokotela wakho:
- Uma ukhulelwe noma usola ukuthi: Udokotela wakho angase akuncome okunye ukuhlolwa, njengoba imisebe ingathinta ingane esanda kuzalwa.
- Uma ungumama oncelisayo: Njengoba imisebe ingadlulela enganeni yakho ngobisi lwebele, ungase ucelwe ukuthi uyeke ukuncelisa amahora ambalwa noma usuku ngemuva kokuhlolwa bese ukhipha ubisi lwebele bese ululahla. Udokotela wakho uzokunikeza imiyalelo ngalokhu.
- Uma unenkinga yokuhlala unganyakazi isikhathi eside: Kungcono ukunganyakazi ngenkathi uthatha izithombe. Ukwenza kanjalo kuzoholela ezithombeni ezingacacile kanye nombiko omubi.
Ngokuvamile, i-X-ray yesifuba yenziwa emahoreni angama-24 ngaphambi kokuskena kwe-VQ. Ulwazi olutholakala kulokhu luzosiza nasekuqondeni umbiko wokuskena kwe-VQ.
Kwenzekani ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa?
Isivivinyo sonke sithatha imizuzu ephakathi kuka-30 no-60.
Ingxenye Yokuqala: Ukuskena Komoya
Kulokhu, uzohlala esihlalweni noma ulele etafuleni. Uzonikezwa imaski noma i-mouthpiece ukuze uphefumule ngayo. Ngemuva kwalokho, ikhamera izothatha izithombe njengoba uphefumula ngayo. Ungase futhi ujikelwe ngezindlela ezahlukene ukuze uthathe izithombe.
Ingxenye Yesibili: Ukuskena Kwe-Perfusion
Lokhu kuzoqala ngokushesha nje lapho ingxenye yokuqala isiphelile. Lokhu kuhilela ukufaka i-IV emthanjeni engalweni yakho bese ufaka into ekhipha imisebe kuyo. Bese, njengakuqala, izithombe zithathwa ngekhamera.
Kwenzekani ngemva kokuhlolwa? Uthini umbiko?
Ngemva kokuphela kokuhlolwa, ungenza imisebenzi yakho evamile. Izinto ezikhipha imisebe emzimbeni wakho zizoshiya umzimba wakho ngokwemvelo emchameni nasendle yakho zingakapheli amahora noma izinsuku ezimbalwa.
Umbiko uvame ukwamukelwa zingakapheli amahora angama-24. Ake sibone ukuthi umbiko uthini.
| Amagama angavela embikweni | Kusho ukuthini lokho? |
|---|---|
| Uma ungaboni ukuthi igazi ligobile... | |
| Okuvamile / Amathuba aphansi / i-PE ayikho | Umoya kanye nokugeleza kwegazi emaphashini kuvamile. Amathuba okuthi igazi lijiyile mancane kakhulu noma awakho nhlobo. |
| Uma ungabaza... | |
| Amathuba aphakathi / Angacaci | Akunakwenzeka ukusho ngokuqinisekile kulezi ziskeni ukuthi kukhona ihlule legazi noma cha. Kungase kudingeke ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe. |
| Uma kungenzeka ukuthi igazi liqhekeke... | |
| Amathuba aphezulu / i-PE ikhona / i-PE-positive | Kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi une-blood clot emaphashini akho. Udokotela uzokhuluma nawe ngokwelashwa okudingayo. |
Ingabe kukhona ingozi kulokhu?
Izingozi zokuskena kwe-VQ zincane kakhulu . Izingozi ezingaba khona yilezi:
- Ukuchayeka emisebeni: Lokhu kusebenzisa inani elincane kakhulu lemisebe eliphephile. Lisuswa ngokuphelele emzimbeni zingakapheli izinsuku ezimbalwa.
- Ukusabela kokungezwani komzimba: Ingozi yokuba nokusabela kokungezwani komzimba emgomeni iphansi kakhulu, kodwa ngokuvamile incane.
- Ukungakhululeki okuncane: Kungase kube nobuhlungu obuncane ngesikhathi somjovo futhi kudingeke uhlale ungashukumi ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa.
Kunini lapho udinga ukubonana nodokotela ngokushesha?
Uma unezimpawu ezilandelayo, kungaba uphawu lokuqhekeka kwegazi emaphashini (i-Pulmonary Embolism). Esimweni esinjalo , hamba uye eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela esiseduze ngokushesha.
- Ukuphefumula kanzima okungazelelwe
- Ubuhlungu obukhulu esifubeni, engalweni, ehlombe, entanyeni, noma emhlathini
- Ukukhwehlela ngegazi noma ngaphandle kwalo
- Isikhumba esikhanyayo nokujuluka
- Ukushintsha kombala wesikhumba, izindebe, noma izinzipho okwesibhakabhaka (i-Cyanosis)
- Ukushaya kwenhliziyo
- Ukujuluka ngokweqile
Lezi zimpawu ziyisimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha, ngakho-ke ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka ngaphandle kokuchitha isikhathi kungasindisa impilo yakho.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-VQ scan iyisivivinyo esingenabuhlungu nesiphephile esihlola umoya kanye nokugeleza kwegazi emaphashini.
- Lokhu kusetshenziselwa kakhulu ukuthola ihlule legazi emaphashini (i-pulmonary embolism).
- Isebenzisa imisebe encane kune-CT scan. Ifaneleka kakhulu kubantu abanesifo sezinso kanye nalabo abane-allergy kumadayi e-CT.
- Uma ukhulelwe noma uncelisa, qiniseka ukuthi utshela udokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuhlolwa.
- Uma uzwa izimpawu ezifana nokuphelelwa umoya ngokuzumayo kanye nobuhlungu besifuba, kuyisimo esiphuthumayo. Yiya eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo wesibhedlela (ETU) ngokushesha.
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