Mhlawumbe udokotela womndeni wakho ukuthumele kuchwepheshe wamaphaphu, noma 'i-Pulmonologist' njengoba sibabiza kanjalo ngesiNgisi. Noma mhlawumbe nawe ufuna eyodwa ngoba ubulokhu ukhwehlela noma uphefumula kanzima isikhathi eside. Ngubani ngempela i-pulmonologist? Hlobo luni lwezifo azelaphayo? Ake sixoxe ngalokhu kalula nangendlela enenhlonipho.
Ubani lo dokotela wezifo zamaphaphu?
Kalula nje, isazi sezifo zamaphaphu ngudokotela ogxile ezifweni zesimiso sethu sokuphefumula, okungukuthi, amaphaphu, izindlela zomoya, nazo zonke izinhlelo zezitho ezihlobene nokuphefumula. Njengoba nje isazi senhliziyo sibheka inhliziyo, laba odokotela banaka ngokukhethekile uhlelo lwethu lokuphefumula.
Belapha izifo eziningi ezahlukene, kusukela ezifweni ezivamile njenge-asthma kuya ezifweni ezingathi sína njengomdlavuza wamaphaphu. Badlala indima ebalulekile ekwelapheni iziguli ezinobunzima bokuphefumula ezigumbini zokunakekelwa okujulile (ama-ICU) ezibhedlela.
Basebenza kuphi?
Odokotela bezifo zamaphaphu bavame ukusebenza ezibhedlela, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni zokunakekelwa okujulile (ama-ICU) nasemawodini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, baphinde baqhube imitholampilo ezibhedlela ezizimele kanye nasezikhungweni zezokwelapha ezikhethekile. Abanye odokotela basebenza ezindaweni zokucwaninga zokulala, belapha izimo ezifana ne-sleep apnea.
Cabanga ngenhliziyo namaphaphu ethu njengabangane ababili abakhulu. Uma omunye enenkinga, omunye uyathinteka. Yingakho odokotela bamaphaphu bevame ukusebenzisana nodokotela benhliziyo.
Kukhona futhi insimu ekhulayo ebizwa ngokuthi i-'Interventional Pulmonology'. Lokhu kuhilela ukufaka ithubhu elincane elifakwe ikhamera (elifana ne-'Endoscopy') emaphashini ukuze kwenziwe ukwelashwa okukhethekile njengokususa izimila ezincane emaphashini nokususa uketshezi oluqoqana emaphashini.
Yiziphi izifo eziyinhloko ezelashwa yi-pulmonologist?
Izifo ezivamile njengokukhwehlela kanye nomkhuhlane zivame ukwelashwa udokotela womndeni wakho. Kodwa-ke, izimo eziyinkimbinkimbi nezingapheli ezifana nalezi ezilandelayo zidinga usizo lukadokotela wamaphaphu.
| Isimo | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| Isifuba somoya | Lokhu kwenzeka lapho imigudu yomoya ivuvukala, incipha, noma igcwele ulwelwesi. Isifuba somoya esivamile singaphathwa udokotela womndeni wakho. Kodwa-ke, ezimweni zesifuba somoya okunzima ukusilawula futhi esingatholakali imbangela yaso, kudingeka usizo lochwepheshe. |
| I-COPD (Isifo Esingapheli Sokuvimbela Amaphaphu) | Lesi yisimo sesikhathi eside. Sihlanganisa kokubili i-bronchitis engapheli kanye ne-emphysema. Imbangela eyinhloko ukuchayeka isikhathi eside ezintweni ezicasulayo emaphashini, njengokubhema. |
| Isifo Samaphaphu Esingaphakathi Kwezitho Zomzimba | Lokhu kwenzeka lapho izicubu ezithambile kakhulu (i-interstitium) emaphashini ziqina, ziqine, futhi zenze kube nzima ukuphefumula. Lokhu kungenzeka ngokuzumayo noma ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. |
| Umdlavuza Wamaphaphu | Isimo esibi esingaqala emaphashini sisakazekele kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba. Indima kadokotela wamaphaphu ibaluleke kakhulu ekuxilongeni lokhu kanye nokuhlela ukwelashwa. |
| Ukuphefumula komoya ngesikhathi sokulala | Isimo lapho ukuphefumula kuyeka khona ngezikhathi ezithile ngesikhathi sokulala. Lokhu kunciphisa inani lomoya-mpilo otholwa ngumzimba futhi kungaholela kwezinye izinkinga ezinkulu zempilo . |
Kufanele ubonane nini nodokotela wezifo zamaphaphu?
Khumbula, awudingi ukuya kudokotela ochwepheshe ngokushesha ngenxa yomkhuhlane noma ukukhwehlela okuvamile. Okokuqala, bona udokotela wakho ojwayelekile (GP) noma udokotela womndeni.Uzohlola izimpawu zakho bese ekudlulisela kudokotela wamaphaphu uma kudingeka.
Nazi ezinye izimo lapho udokotela wakho jikelele angakudlulisela kudokotela wamaphaphu:
- Uma une-asthma okunzima ukuyilawula noma evame ukuba yimbi kakhulu.
- Uma une-bronchitis ephindaphindayo .
- Uma ukhwehlela isikhathi eside, okungaphezu kwamasonto ama-3-4 .
- Uma wenza umsindo 'wokushaya ikhwela' lapho uphefumula noma uma uzizwa uphelelwa umoya njalo.
- Uma uzwa ukuqina kwesifuba noma ubuhlungu (kubalulekile ukufuna iseluleko sikadokotela ngoba lokhu kungabangelwa yisifo senhliziyo).
- Izinkinga zokulala, ikakhulukazi uma unezimpawu ezifana nokukhonkotha kanye nokuphefumula okuphefumulayo .
- Uma kubonakala into engajwayelekile emaphashini ngesikhathi se-X-ray noma i-CT scan.
Kuthatha malini ukuba uchwepheshe onjalo?
Ukuba yi-pulmonologist kuwuhambo olude noluzinikele. Akuyona isikhundla osinikwa wena nje.
Ngokuvamile, ngemva kokuqeda iziqu zeminyaka emi-5 esikoleni sezokwelapha kanye nokufaneleka njengodokotela, kumele badlule eminye iminyaka eminingana yokuqeqeshwa kwe-postgraduate kwezokwelapha ezijwayelekile (`Imithi Yangaphakathi`). Ngemva kwalokho, kumele bafunde ngqo kwi-`Imithi Yamaphaphu` iminyaka eminingana eyengeziwe, baphumelele izivivinyo ezifanele, futhi baqeqeshwe ngokujulile ngaphambi kokuba bafanelekele ukusebenza njenge-`Isazi Sezifo Zamaphaphu`. Ngakho ungabona ukuthi lokhu kudinga ukuzinikela kanye nobuchwepheshe obungakanani ukuze bathole.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Udokotela wezifo zamaphaphu ungudokotela oqeqeshwe ngokukhethekile ekwelapheni izinkinga ezihlobene namaphaphu akho, izindlela zokuphefumula kanye nokuphefumula.
- Zelapha izifo ezifana ne-asthma, i-COPD, umdlavuza wamaphaphu, kanye ne-sleep apnea.
- Uma unezimpawu ezihlobene nohlelo lwakho lokuphefumula, qala ubonane nodokotela womndeni wakho. Uma kudingeka, uzokudlulisela kuchwepheshe.
- Ungalokothi ungazinaki izimpawu ezifana nokukhwehlela okuqhubekayo, ukuphefumula kanzima, noma ubuhlungu besifuba. Qiniseka ukuthi ukhuluma nodokotela wakho ngakho.
- Laba ochwepheshe baye baqeqeshwa kakhulu futhi bazinikela ekukusizeni, ngakho-ke ukulandela iseluleko sabo kubaluleke kakhulu enhlalakahleni yakho.
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