Cabanga ukuthi usengozini ngokuzumayo ngenkathi uhamba emgwaqweni, noma othile ekhaya uzwa ubuhlungu besifuba ngokuzumayo futhi alahlekelwe ingqondo. Esimweni esinjalo, into yokuqala esiyenzayo ngokwethuka ukushayela u-1990. Ngemizuzu embalwa, i-ambulensi ifika ne-siren. Namuhla sizokhuluma ngomuntu okuleyo ambulensi, obukeka njengodokotela, kodwa engeyena udokotela, futhi othole ukuqeqeshwa okumangalisayo ukuze asindise impilo yakho. Lowo uchwepheshe obizwa ngokuthi i-paramedic.
Ubani ngempela uchwepheshe wezimo eziphuthumayo?
Kalula nje, i-paramedic inguchwepheshe wezempilo oqeqeshwe kakhulu ohlinzeka ngokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okuphuthumayo ngaphambi kokuthuthwa aye esibhedlela uma kwenzeka isimo esiphuthumayo noma ingozi. Ukuze kube sobala, bangomunye wabaphenduli bokuqala. Okusho ukuthi, bangabokuqala ukufika endaweni yesimo esiphuthumayo nokusiza.
Laba bantu bangaphansi kwengcindezi enkulu futhi kufanele benze izinqumo ezibalulekile ngemizuzwana embalwa. Banquma ngokushesha ukuthi isimo sesiguli siyini, ukuthi yimuphi umuthi abazowunikeza, nokuthi benzeni ukuze basindise impilo yabo baze bafike esibhedlela.
Khumbula, i-paramedic ayisiye udokotela. Kodwa bangenza izinto eziningi ezifanayo abazenzayo e-Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) yesibhedlela ngaphakathi kwe-ambulensi. Lokhu kwandisa kakhulu amathuba okusindisa impilo yesiguli.
Ithimba Lezinsizakalo Zezokwelapha Eziphuthumayo (Ithimba le-EMS) kanye namalungu alo
Uma ushayela ucingo lwezinsizakalo eziphuthumayo njengango-1990, kufika ithimba lezinsizakalo zezokwelapha eziphuthumayo (EMS). I-paramedic ifana nomholi waleli thimba. Kukhona amanye amalungu aleli thimba. Ake sifunde okuncane ngabo futhi.
| Izinga lobuchwepheshe | Wenzani? (Okulula) |
|---|---|
| Isiphenduli Sezokwelapha Esiphuthumayo (EMR) | Lona ngumuntu onokuqeqeshwa okulula kakhulu. Bangasiza ngemishini elinganiselwe, njengokufaka ingcindezi esilondeni ukuze kumiswe ukopha kanye nokwenza i-CPR uma umuntu eklinywa. |
| Uchwepheshe Wezokwelapha Eziphuthumayo (i-EMT) | Laba bantu banokuqeqeshwa okukhethekile kakhulu kune-EMR. Bangasebenzisa imishini eyisisekelo e-ambulensini ukugcina isiguli sizinzile size sifike esibhedlela. Amanye ama-EMT anokuqeqeshwa okuthuthukisiwe nawo avunyelwe ukwenza ukwelashwa okuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu. |
| I-Paramedic | Lona ngumuntu oqeqeshwe kakhulu futhi ofaneleke kakhulu eqenjini. Angasebenzisa yonke imishini esezingeni eliphezulu e-ambulensini, enze ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo okuyinkimbinkimbi, aqondise amanye amalungu, futhi ahole iqembu. |
Umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwe-EMT kanye ne-Paramedic
Manje usuyazi, i-EMT kanye ne-paramedic bangabantu ababili abahlukene. Nakuba bobabili benza umsebenzi omuhle wokusindisa izimpilo, ukuqeqeshwa kwe-paramedic kujule kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, banemvume nolwazi lokusebenzisa imishini ethuthukisiwe ngaphakathi kwe-ambulensi nokwenza izinqubo zezokwelapha eziyinkimbinkimbi (njengokufaka imithi emthanjeni) ezingalimaza isiguli uma zenziwe ngendlela engafanele. I-EMT ayivunyelwe ukwenza izinto ezinjalo.
Wenzani umhlinzeki wezimo eziphuthumayo?
Uhlu lwezinto ezenziwa yi-paramedic esimweni esiphuthumayo lubanzi kakhulu. Nazi ezinye zezinto abangazenza ukuze bagcine isiguli sizinzile kuze kube yilapho sithuthwa esibhedlela:
- Ukuqoqwa kwesampula yegazi: Isampula yegazi ingaqoqwa ukuze kuhlolwe okudingekayo.
- Ukuvuselelwa kwenhliziyo namaphaphu (CPR): I-CPR ingenziwa ukuze kuvuseleleke umuntu oye waba nokuma kwenhliziyo.
- Ukunikeza usawoti ngemithambo yegazi (i-IV fluids): Usawoti ungaqalwa futhi ugcinwe kumuntu onamazinga aphansi oketshezi emzimbeni.
- Ukusiza ekuphefumuleni: Umuntu onenkinga yokuphefumula angasizwa ngezinto ezifana nezifihla-buso kanye nezindlela zokuphefumula zokwenziwa.
- Ukwenza nokufunda izivivinyo ze-EKG: Ama-Electrocardiogram (EKGs) aqapha ukusebenza kwenhliziyo angenziwa, imiphumela ingachazwa, futhi ukwelashwa okudingekayo kungaqalwa.
- Ukubuyisela izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo: Umuntu onenhliziyo engajwayelekile angabuyiselwa izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo yakhe ngokusebenzisa i-electrical cardioversion kanye ne-defibrillation.
- Ukulawula ukopha: Ukopha okukhulu kungamiswa ngokufaka ingcindezi eqinile esilondeni nokusebenzisa amadivayisi anjenge-tourniquets.
- Ukuqinisa ukwaphuka: Uma into efana nengalo noma umlenze iphukile, ama-braces noma ama-splint angasetshenziswa ukuyigcina ingashukumi.
- Ukunikeza imithi:Imithi inganikezwa ngezindlela ezahlukene, njengokujova ngemithambo yegazi noma nge-intramuscularly.
- Ukusiza ngokubeletha: Baqeqeshwe ukusiza ekubelethweni okuphuthumayo, ngisho nasezimweni zezinkinga.
Basebenza kuphi?
Sivame ukubona abezimo eziphuthumayo besebenzisa ama-ambulensi noma izindiza ezinophephela emhlane ezisetshenziselwa izimo eziphuthumayo. Bahlala behamba. Beza kunoma iyiphi indawo, kusukela engozini emgwaqweni oya ekhaya lakho.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, abanye ochwepheshe bezimo eziphuthumayo basebenza nakwezinye izindawo. Isibonelo:
- Ezindaweni ezinabantu abaningi lapho izingozi zingase zenzeke khona, njengemicimbi yezemidlalo namakhonsathi omculo.
- Basebenza nakwezinye izibhedlela nasezikhungweni zokunakekelwa kwezimo eziphuthumayo.
Uba kanjani yi-paramedic?
Lo msebenzi udinga ukuzinikela nokuqeqeshwa okukhulu. Indlela ejwayelekile yokuba yi-paramedic emhlabeni yile elandelayo. (Le nqubo ingahluka kancane kuye ngamazwe).
1. Imfundo Eyisisekelo: Kubalulekile ukuthi ufunde kuze kufike ezingeni lika-A futhi ube nolwazi oluhle ngezifundo zebhayoloji. Ukuthola isitifiketi sosizo lokuqala esiyisisekelo njenge-CPR nakho kuyinzuzo.
2. Ukuqeqeshwa kwe-EMT: Ngaphambi kokuba ube yi-paramedic, udinga ukuqeqeshwa njenge-EMT. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kufanele uthathe isifundo semfundo ekhethekile.
3. Ulwazi lomsebenzi njenge-EMT: Ngemva kokuqinisekiswa njenge-EMT, udinga ukuthola ulwazi ngokusebenza njenge-EMT isikhathi esithile (kusukela ezinyangeni eziyisithupha kuya eminyakeni emi-2).
4. Ukufunda izifundo ze-paramedic: Ngemva kwalokho, uzothola ithuba lokufunda idiploma ethuthukisiwe, isitifiketi noma izifundo zedigri ukuze ube yi-paramedic. Lokhu ngokuvamile kungathatha kusukela onyakeni owodwa kuya kwemine.
5. Thola izitifiketi/abanelayisensi kuzwelonke nakwesifundazwe: Ngemva kokuqeda izifundo, kufanele uphumelele izivivinyo ezibhaliwe nezisebenzayo futhi uthole imvume esemthethweni (ilayisensi) yokusebenza njengodokotela wezimo eziphuthumayo.
6. Ukuthola umsebenzi: Kuphela ngemva kokuqeda konke lokhu lapho ungaqala khona ukusebenza njengomhlinzeki wezimo eziphuthumayo.
Lolu hambo luvame ukuthatha iminyaka eminingana. Lokhu kukhombisa ukuthi banolwazi olungakanani kanye nokuqeqeshwa okungakanani ngaphambi kokuba beze kule nkonzo.
Uma kuvela isimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha, abezimo eziphuthumayo yibo abenza umehluko phakathi kokuphila nokufa ngezikhathi ezibucayi. Umzuzu ngamunye ubalulekile. Ngisho nebanga elifushane ukuya esibhedlela lingabambezela ezinye izindlela zokwelapha. Ngaleso sikhathi, i-paramedic iza kuwe futhi ikunikeze ukwelashwa okusindisa impilo.
Kuye ngesimo sakho, ungase ungakwazi ukubona noma ukukhuluma nodokotela wezimo eziphuthumayo kahle, kodwa ungathemba ukuthi banokuqeqeshwa kanye nolwazi lokukunakekela lapho udinga usizo kakhulu.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-paramedic inguchwepheshe wezempilo oqeqeshwe kahle ohlinzeka ngokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okuphuthumayo ngaphambi kokufika esibhedlela.
- Bayingxenye yeqembu lezinsizakalo zezokwelapha eziphuthumayo (EMS) futhi banokuqeqeshwa okuphezulu kanye neziqu kunamanye amalungu, njenge-EMTs kanye ne-EMRs.
- Bayakwazi ukwenza ukwelashwa okuyinkimbinkimbi, njengokwenza ama-EKG, ukunikeza imithi ngemithambo yegazi, ukusiza ngokuphefumula, kanye nokuvimba ukopha okukhulu, khona kanye e-ambulensini.
- Isenzo sabo esisheshayo nesinobungcweti sibalulekile ekusindiseni impilo yesiguli esimweni esiphuthumayo.
- Uma ushayela ucingo olufana no-911 esimweni esiphuthumayo, umholi weqembu oza ukuzokusiza uvame ukuba uchwepheshe wezimo eziphuthumayo.
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