Iyini i-Tularemia? Ake sifunde ngalesi sifo esidluliselwa yizilwane.

Sonke siyazithanda izilwane, akunjalo? Abanye abantu bagcina izinja namakati emakhaya. Abanye bathanda ama-squirrel nezinyoni ezingadini zabo. Ngokufanayo, abantu abasebenza kwezolimo nasemasimini bahlala bethintana nomhlabathi. Kodwa bewazi ukuthi ngezinye izikhathi singathola izifo kulezi zilwane, inhlabathi, namanzi? Namuhla sizokhuluma ngesifo esingavamile kodwa esikhathazayo. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-tularemia.

Kalula nje, iyini i-Tularemia?

I-Tularemia iyigciwane elibangelwa amagciwane . Libangelwa uhlobo lwebhaktheriya elibizwa ngokuthi i-Francisella tularensis. Akusona isifo esivamile kubantu, kodwa singasakazekela ezilwaneni, ikakhulukazi izilwane ezincane njengonogwaja nezingwejeje. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, abanye abantu basibiza nangokuthi "umkhuhlane wonogwaja."

Leli gciwane liyakwazi ukumelana nezifo. Lingaphila amasonto amaningi enhlabathini, emanzini, nasezilwaneni ezifile. Yingakho singalithola ngezindlela eziningi kangaka. Nakuba kuyisifo esithelelanayo, ngokuvamile asisabalali sisuka komunye umuntu siye komunye.

Lesi sifo sisakazeka kanjani kithi?

Kunezindlela eziningana lesi sifo esingadluliselwa ngazo. Ake sibone ukuthi ziyini.

• Ukulunywa yizinambuzane: Lesi sifo singadluliselwa yizinambuzane ezilumayo njengemikhaza ethelelekile noma izimpukane zezinyamazane. Le ndlela ayivamile eSri Lanka, kodwa kufanelekile ukuyazi.
• Ngokuthinta izilwane ezinegciwane: Uma uthinta isilwane esinalesi sifo (isibonelo, unogwaja, i-squirrel), ikakhulukazi uma uthinta isikhumba sesilwane, uboya, noma inyama, amagciwane angangena emzimbeni ngisho nangesikhala esincane esikhumbeni.
• Ngokudla ukudla noma amanzi angcolile: Kunethuba elikhulu lokuthola lesi sifo uma udla inyama engaphekiwe kahle yesilwane esinesifo noma uphuza amanzi angcolile ngamagciwane.
• Ukuphefumula amabhaktheriya: Lokhu akuvamile. Ngesikhathi ulima ingadi, umba, noma wenza umsebenzi wokwakha, amabhaktheriya asenhlabathini angaxubana nomoya bese ewuphefumula, okubangela ukutheleleka emaphashini.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-tularemia?

Izimpawu zingahluka kuye ngokuthi amagciwane angene kanjani emzimbeni. Ngokuvamile kuthatha izinsuku ezi-3 kuya kwezi-5 ukuthi izimpawu zivele. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi kungathatha amasonto amabili.

Ithebula elingezansi libonisa izinhlobo eziyinhloko zalesi sifo kanye nezimpawu ezihambisana nazo.

Ubani osengozini enkulu yokuthola lesi sifo?

Nakuba i-tularemia iyisifo esingavamile, abanye abantu banamathuba amaningi okuba nayo.

• Abalimi, odokotela bezilwane, abasebenzi basemapulazini kanye nabazingeli:Ngoba bahlala bechitha isikhathi nezilwane nomhlabathi.
• Abantu abanezitho zomzimba ezibuthakathaka: Imizimba yabantu abanezifo ezifana nesifo sikashukela, umdlavuza, noma labo abaphuza imithi ecindezela izitho zomzimba zabo iba nesikhathi esinzima sokulwa naleli gciwane.
• Abantu abadla inyama engaphekiwe kahle: Ingozi iphezulu uma bedla inyama yezilwane ezizingelwayo, ikakhulukazi uma ingaphekwanga kahle.
• Abantu abahlala ezindaweni zasemakhaya nasemahlathini: Ngoba lezi zindawo cishe ziyindawo yokuhlala yezilwane nezinambuzane ezithwala izifo.

Lesi sifo sitholakala futhi selashwa kanjani?

Lesi sifo singaba nzima ukusithola ngoba izimpawu zifana nezezinye izifo ezivamile. Uma unezimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane, ama-lymph node avuvukele, futhi ikakhulukazi uma usanda kulunywa yisinambuzane, waklwejwa yisilwane, noma wathintwa yisilwane sasendle, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela wakho futhi umtshele ngakho.

Udokotela wakho angenza izivivinyo eziningana ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa, okuhlanganisa:

• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi: Hlola ama-antibodies ngokumelene namagciwane emzimbeni.
• I-Biopsy: Ukuthatha ingcezu encane yezicubu ezivela esilondeni sesikhumba noma ekuvuvukeni ukuze ihlolwe.
• Ukuhlolwa kwesampula yobomvu: Ukuhlolwa kobomvu noma olunye uketshezi lomzimba oluvela enxebeni.
• I-X-ray yesifuba: Ukubona ukuthi amaphaphu athintekile yini.

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthatha ama-antibiotic anikezwe udokotela wakho isikhathi eside. Uma uqala ukwelashwa ngokushesha, kulapho ungelapha khona lesi sifo ngokushesha ngaphandle kwezinkinga.

Yini okufanele siyenze ukuze sizivikele kulesi sifo?

Into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukuhlala uphephile kulesi sifo. Landela lezi zinyathelo ezilula.

• Ungazithinti izilwane zasendle ngezandla zakho, ikakhulukazi izilwane ezibonakala zigula noma zifile.
• Uma usebenza emasimini noma uhamba ehlathini, gqoka izingubo ezimboza izingalo nemilenze. Gqoka amahembe anemikhono emide, amabhulukwe amade, nezicathulo.
• Sebenzisa izinto zokuxosha izinambuzane ukuze uzivikele ezinambuzaneni.
• Qiniseka ukuthi uphatha kahle izilwane zakho ezifuywayo (izinja, amakati) ukuze uzivikele ezinkingeni . Futhi, qaphela ukuthi zichayeke yini ezilwaneni zasendle ngaphandle.
• Uma uphuza amanzi, phuza amanzi ahlanzekile naphephile kuphela. Ungaphuzi amanzi avela emithonjeni esolisayo.
• Yidla inyama, ikakhulukazi inyamazane, ephekiwe kahle.
• Uma usola ukuthi uke wabhekana nalesi sifo, xhumana nodokotela ngokushesha.