Uma wena noma othile emndenini wakho etholakala enomdlavuza webele, kunzima ukusho ngamazwi ukwesaba nokukhathazeka okuzwayo. Yisikhathi esithinta imizwa kakhulu. Kodwa, into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi ngesayensi yezokwelapha ethuthukisiwe esinayo manje, singaba nethemba. Udokotela wakho uzocabangela izinto eziningi, njengohlobo lomdlavuza onawo, iminyaka yakho, nokuthi unezinye izifo, ukuze akhethe izinketho zokwelapha ezingcono kakhulu kuwe. Umdlavuza webele uvame ukwelashwa ngokuhlanganiswa kokuhlinzwa, i-chemotherapy, kanye nemisebe.
Namuhla sikhuluma ngokwelashwa okuhlukile kancane, okuqondile. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi "ukwelashwa okuqondiwe ." I-Herceptin ingenye yemithi enjalo. Igama layo lezokwelapha yi -Trastuzumab . Kungenzeka ukuthi uke wayizwa ibizwa ngamanye amagama afana ne-Kanjinti, i-Herzuma, ne-Ogivri. Lawa abizwa ngokuthi "ama-biosimilars." Kalula nje, lawa amakhophi ebhayoloji omuthi ofanayo no-Herceptin.
Kuyini Ukwelashwa Okuqondiwe kanye neHerceptin?
Cabanga ngakho, imithi ejwayelekile yokwelapha ngamakhemikhali ayithinti nje kuphela amangqamuzana omdlavuza, kodwa futhi namaseli anempilo ahlukana ngokushesha. Kodwa ukwelashwa okuqondiwe akufani nalokho. Kusebenza ngokubhekisa ezinhlosweni ezithile. Le mithi ilawula amaprotheni athile asiza amangqamuzana omdlavuza ukuba akhule futhi asakazeke. Yingakho ingasebenzi kuzo zonke izinhlobo zomdlavuza. Iphrotheni eqondiswe yimithi kumele ibe khona ngobuningi kulawo maseli omdlavuza.
Umuthi i-Herceptin uhlose iphrotheni ebizwa ngokuthi i-HER2 . (Igama eliphelele lalokhu yi-'human epidermal growth factor receptor 2'). Ngakho-ke, uma le phrotheni ye-HER2 ikhiqizwa ngokweqile kumaseli omdlavuza, sibiza lolo hlobo lomdlavuza webele ngokuthi 'HER2-positive'. Ukwelashwa kwe-Herceptin kunikezwa kuphela kulolo hlobo lomdlavuza webele 'HER2-positive'.
Lo muthi weHerceptin usebenza kanjani emzimbeni?
Ukuze siqonde lokhu, ake siqale sibheke ukuthi iyini i-HER2. I-HER2 iyi-receptor ebusweni bamaseli. Cabanga ngayo njenge-antenna encane ebusweni beseli. Lawa ma-antenna yiwo athola izimpawu ezivela ngaphandle kweseli futhi asebenze kuwo. Eselini eliphilile, ama-receptor e-HER2 akhona ukulawula ukukhula kweseli.
Kodwa kwenzeka okuthile okuhlukile kumaseli omdlavuza 'ane-HER2-positive'. Lawa maseli anamakhophi engeziwe ezakhi zofuzo ezenza iphrotheni ye-HER2. Ngakho-ke, lawa maseli enza iphrotheni ye-HER2 eningi kakhulu. Kufana nokuthi kunezinti eziningi kakhulu esitokisini. Ngemuva kwalokho, amangqamuzana omdlavuza athola izimpawu eziningi kakhulu zokuthi "akhule, ahlukane," futhi akhula ngaphandle kokulawulwa, ngokushesha okukhulu.
I-Herceptin iyi-antibody ekhethekile edalwe ososayensi. Ifana nama-antibodies emvelo akhiqizwa yimizimba yethu ngokumelene namagciwane lapho sigula. Le antibody yokwenziwa inamathela ezintendeni ze-HER2 ezengeziwe kumaseli omdlavuza. Lokhu kuvimbela isignali etshela iseli ukuthi "likhule." Ngale ndlela, i-Herceptin isiza ukulawula ukukhula nokusabalala kwamaseli omdlavuza.
Ingabe ukwelashwa kwe-Herceptin kufanelekile kumdlavuza wami?
Lona umbuzo obaluleke kakhulu. Uma umdlavuza wakho webele 'une-HER2-negative', okusho ukuthi amangqamuzana omdlavuza awanawo iphrotheni eyengeziwe ye-HER2, khona-ke ukwelashwa kwe-Herceptin ngeke kusebenze. Iningi lomdlavuza webele 'une-HER2-negative'. Cishe u-20% une-HER2-positive. Udokotela wakho uzokutshela ngqo ukuthi hlobo luni lomdlavuza onalo ngokuhlolwa.
Ukwelashwa nge-Herceptin kusetshenziswa ezigabeni zokuqala zomdlavuza webele, kanye nasezigabeni ezithuthukile lapho umdlavuza ususakazeke khona (i-metastatic).
- Ngomdlavuza wesigaba sokuqala: Uma umdlavuza wakho une-HER2-positive futhi usesigabeni sokuqala, i-Herceptin inikezwa ukuvimbela umdlavuza ukuthi ungabuyi ngemva kokuhlinzwa. Ivame ukunikezwa nge-chemotherapy noma ukwelashwa kwe-endocrine. Lokhu kwelashwa kungenzeka kakhulu uma umdlavuza mkhulu noma ususakazekele kuma-lymph node.
- Ngomdlavuza osuthuthukile: Uma umdlavuza ususakazekele ezingxenyeni ezikude zomzimba (i-metastatic), i-Herceptin ingasiza ekumiseni noma ekubambezeleni ukukhula kwawo . Ngezinye izikhathi, uma isimila sikhulu kakhulu ukuba singasuswa ngokuhlinzwa, i-Herceptin nezinye izindlela zokwelapha zingasinciphisa ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukukhuluma ngokukhululekile nodokotela wakho futhi uqonde konke mayelana nokuthi yikuphi ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu kuwe, ukuthi kuzonikezwa kanjani, nokuthi kungani kwakhethwa.
Yini okufanele uyilindele lapho uthola ukwelashwa?
I-Herceptin inikezwa njenge- infusion (efakwa nge-intravenous - IV) emithanjeni. Inikezwa njengesixazululo sikasawoti. Lokhu kwenziwa ngoba umuthi udinga ukujovwa ngqo egazini. Kungathatha imizuzu ephakathi kuka-30 no-90 ukuqeda.
Kukhona futhi uhlobo lwalokhu olunikezwa njengomjovo. Lubizwa ngokuthi 'iHerceptin Hylecta'. Izifundo zikhombisile ukuthi lokhu kusebenza kahle njenge-IV. Udokotela wakho uzonquma ukuthi iyiphi indlela engcono kakhulu kuwe.
Isikhathi esingakanani nokuthi udinga ukuthatha i-Herceptin kangaki kuncike esigabeni somdlavuza wakho kanye neminye imithi oyithathayo. Uma umdlavuza usuqhubekele phambili (usudlulele), kungadingeka uqhubeke nokwelashwa inqobo nje uma umuthi usebenza futhi kungekho miphumela emibi engathi sína.
Kubaluleke kakhulu: Udokotela wakho uzohlola ukusebenza kwenhliziyo yakho njalo ngaphambi nangesikhathi sokwelashwa kwe-Herceptin, njengoba lo muthi ngezinye izikhathi ungathinta inhliziyo.
| Uhlobo lomphumela ongemuhle | Incazelo kanye nezimpawu |
|---|---|
| Imiphumela emibi evamile |
|
| Imiphumela emibi kakhulu okufanele uyiqaphele |
Ngaphezu kwalokhu, kungase kube neminye imiphumela emibi. Ngakho-ke, ngaphambi kokuqala ukwelashwa, kufanele ufunde ngokucophelela ukuthi yiziphi izimpawu okufanele uziqaphele nokuthi kufanele utshele nini udokotela wakho ngokushesha. Ukwelashwa kwe-Herceptin akunikezwa abesifazane abakhulelwe noma abazama ukukhulelwa.
Kuphumelela kangakanani lokhu kwelashwa?
I-Herceptin umuthi owashintsha kakhulu ukwelashwa komdlavuza webele one-HER2 ngemuva kokuvunyelwa kwawo ngo-1998.
- Ngomdlavuza othuthukile: I-Herceptin, uma inikezwa yodwa noma nge-chemotherapy, inganciphisa ukukhula komdlavuza futhi isize iziguli ziphile isikhathi eside. Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi umuthi ungasebenza isikhashana bese uyeka ukusebenza.
- Ngomdlavuza wesigaba sokuqala: Yilapho impumelelo enkulu ibonakala khona. Izifundo zikhombisile ukuthi ukufaka i-Herceptin ku-chemotherapy ngemuva kokuhlinzwa kunganciphisa ingozi yokuthi umdlavuza ubuye cishe ngo-50% . Lokhu kusho ukuthi abesifazane abaningi abathatha i-Herceptin baphila isikhathi eside ngaphandle komdlavuza.
Nakuba ukwelashwa kuqala kunikezwa unyaka noma emibili, izifundo zakamuva zibonisa ukuthi kubantu abaningi, ukuthatha i-Herceptin izinyanga eziyisithupha kuphela kwanele. Lezi yizindaba ezinhle kulabo abakhathazekile ngemiphumela emibi.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Herceptin "iyindlela yokwelapha eqondiwe" ethile yomdlavuza webele one -HER2-positive .
- Lo muthi uvimba izimpawu ezitholwa amangqamuzana omdlavuza ukuze "akhule" futhi ulawula ukukhula komdlavuza.
- Lokhu kusebenza kahle kakhulu ekunciphiseni kakhulu ingozi yokuphinda umdlavuza emdlavuza wesigaba sokuqala kanye nokulawula ukukhula komdlavuza ezigabeni eziphambili.
- Njengayo yonke imithi, kunemiphumela emibi. Udokotela uhlala eqaphela, ikakhulukazi ukusebenza kwenhliziyo.
- Khuluma ngokukhululekile nangokwethembeka nodokotela wakho mayelana nomdlavuza wakho, impilo yakho, kanye nezinketho zakho zokwelashwa. Buza noma yimiphi imibuzo onayo. Kuyilungelo lakho.
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