Ingabe nawe unenkinga yokugwinya ukudla? Ingabe uzizwa sengathi kukhona okubambeke emphinjeni wakho? Ake sixoxe nge-Zenker's Diverticulum!

Ngezinye izikhathi ungase uzizwe ungakhululekile kancane lapho ugwinya ukudla, akunjalo? Noma ungase uzizwe sengathi kukhona okubambeke emphinjeni wakho. Lokhu kungaba yinkinga ekuphileni kwethu kwansuku zonke. Mhlawumbe isizathu salokhu yinto ongayicabangi. Namuhla sizokhuluma ngesimo esinjalo, okungukuthi i-Zenker's Diverticulum.

Iyini i-Zenker's Diverticulum?

Kalula nje, i-Senck's diverticulum iyisikhwama esincane esakheka phezulu komphimbo wakho, noma i-esophagus (eyaziwa nangokuthi ipayipi lokudla). Cabanga ngakho, kukhona umsipha phezulu komphimbo wakho, odokotela abawubiza ngokuthi umsipha we-cricopharyngeus . Usebenza njengomnyango. Uma sigwinya, lo msipha uyaphumula futhi uvumela ukudla ukuthi kudlulele phansi ku-esophagus. Kodwa uma lo msipha ungasebenzi kahle, okungukuthi, uma ungaphumuli kahle lapho sigwinya, ingcindezi enkulu iyakheka ngaphakathi komphimbo wakho. Cabanga ngakho, njengalapho ucindezela ipayipi lamanzi bese ulibamba endaweni eyodwa, ingcindezi yamanzi iyakhula.

Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lokhu kucindezela kubangela ukwakheka kwesikhwama noma i-diverticulum , lapho izicubu ziphuma khona endaweni ebuthakathaka odongeni lomphimbo. Lesi sikhwama singabangela izinkinga ezifana nobunzima bokugwinya, ukudla okuphinde kukhuphuke emphinjeni, kanye nomlomo onuka kabi. Ngokuvamile, ukwelashwa kuhilela ukuhlinzwa ukuze kususwe noma kulungiswe isikhwama. Futhi, ukushintsha indlela odla futhi uphuze ngayo kungasiza ekunciphiseni ezinye zalezi zimpawu.

Yiziphi izimpawu ze-Zenker's Diverticulum?

Izimpawu zingahluka kuye ngobukhulu balesi sikhwama (i-diverticulum) nendawo esikuyo. Uma isikhwama sincane, ungase ungabi nazimpawu nhlobo. Kodwa-ke, izinkinga ziqala lapho isikhwama siba sikhulu ngokwanele ukuphazamisa ukugwinya. Bheka ukuthi unazo yini lezi zimpawu:

• Ingozi ye-aspiration pneumonia: Ngezinye izikhathi, ukudla okugwinyayo noma i-mucus emphinjeni wakho kungangena ngengozi ku-trachea yakho (umphimbo womoya) futhi kubangele ukutheleleka emaphashini akho. Lokhu kungaba yingozi kancane, ngoba ukutheleleka emaphashini akulona ihlaya.
• Umoya omubi (`Halitosis`): Ukudla kubhajwa kuleso sikhwama emphinjeni, bese kuqala ukonakala lapho. Yilapho kuphuma khona iphunga elibi emlonyeni. Lokhu kuyinto ebangela amahloni ngisho nasemphakathini.
• Ukudla noma amafinyila abuya emphinjeni wakho: Ukudla okugwinyayo kungabuya emphinjeni wakho. Lokhu kwenzeka lapho isikhwama sigcwele ukudla. Kufana nezinto ezigxuma esikhwameni esigcwele. Ngezinye izikhathi lokhu kungenzeka ebusuku ngenkathi ulele.
• Ubunzima bokugwinya (`Dysphagia`): Lolu uphawu oluyinhloko noluvame kakhulu . Njengoba isikhwama sikhula, sinciphisa indlela emphinjeni, okwenza kube nzima ukugwinya ukudla. Ekuqaleni, kungaba nzima ukugwinya ukudla okuqinile kuphela, kodwa kamuva kungaba nzima nokugwinya uketshezi.
• Ukuzwa sengathi kukhona okubambeke emphinjeni (`i-Globus sensation`):Ungase uzizwe sengathi kukhona okubambeke emphinjeni wakho, njengebhola. Lo muzwa ungenzeka nalapho ungadli. Lo muzwa uvela lapho isikhwama sikhula futhi sicindezela imisipha ye-cricopharyngeus, noma ingxenye engenhla yomphimbo.
• Ukuhosha (Dysphonia): Ushintsho ezwini, ukuhosha, lungase lwenzeke. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi isikhwama siyakhula futhi sicindezele emsipheni olawula izwi lethu, umthambo we-pharyngeal ophindaphindayo .
• Ukwehlisa isisindo ngokungahlosile: Ungase wehlise isisindo ungaqapheli ngoba awukwazi ukugwinya ukudla kahle, okungaholela ekungondleki kahle.

Yini ebangela i-Zenker's Diverticulum?

Empeleni, le diverticulum kaZenker yakheka ngoba umsipha we-cricopharyngeal engikhulume ngawo ekuqaleni awukhululekile ngokuphelele. Ngokuvamile, lo msipha kufanele uhlale uqinisa futhi uvale ingxenye engenhla yomsipha wethu. Ukhululeka kuphela uma sigwinya ukudla futhi uvumela ukudla ukuthi kwehle. Kodwa uma lo msipha ungaphumuli uma sigwinya ukudla, ingxenye engenhla yomsipha ayivuli kahle.

Ngesikhathi esifanayo, eminye imisipha enamandla emphinjeni wethu isunduza ukudla phansi kuye emisipheni eqinile ye-cricopharyngeal. Zombili lezi zinto zibangela ukucindezeleka okukhulu ezindongeni zomphimbo.

Uma kwenzeka i-diverticulum kaSenkers, lokhu kucindezela kubangela ukuthi isikhwama sezicubu sikhishwe endaweni ebuthakathaka odongeni lomphimbo, sakhe isikhwama. Lesi sikhwama yisona esivimba ukudlula kokudla kusuka emphinjeni kuye emhubheni.

Ochwepheshe abakakazi kahle ukuthi kungani lo musipha we-cricopharyngeal uqina uma kufanele uphumule. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi imbangela iyini, umphumela uba ukwakheka kwalesi sikhwama esicasulayo.

Ubani osengozini enkulu yokuthola lesi simo?

Nakuba lesi simo singakhula kunoma ubani, abanye abantu basengozini enkulu yokuba naso. Bheka:

• Ubudala: Lokhu kuvame kakhulu kubantu abaneminyaka ephakathi kuka-70 no-90. Lokhu kusho ukuthi kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi kwenzeke njengoba ukhula. Kodwa-ke, kungabonakala kaningi nakubantu abangaphansi kwalokho.
• Ubulili: Izifundo zibonisa ukuthi amadoda anamathuba amaningi okuthola lesi simo kunabesifazane.
• Ukungasebenzi kahle komgudu womqala: Uma unezinye izimo ezibangela ukuthi umgudu wakho womqala ungasebenzi kahle, okungukuthi, uma unezinkinga zomgudu womqala, ingozi yakho yokuba nalokhu iyanda.

Yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona nge-Zenker's Diverticulum?

Uma lesi simo singelashwa kahle, kungase kube nezinkinga ezithile, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuqaphela lokhu.

• I-pneumonia yokuphefumula:Lokhu kuyinkinga enkulu. Uma ukudla okuphuma kuleyo sikhwama esisemphinjeni kuya emaphashini ngephutha, kungabangela ukutheleleka ngamagciwane futhi kuholele e-pneumonia. Uma ukhwehlela njalo noma unenkinga yokuphefumula, kufanele ucabange ngalokhu.
• Ukungondleki: Uma ukudla kungangeni kahle ohlelweni lwakho lokugaya ukudla ngenxa yaleso sikhwama, umzimba wakho awukwazi ukuthola izakhamzimba ozidingayo, okuholela ekungondleki kahle. Lokhu kungakwenza ube buthakathaka, wehlise isisindo, futhi uzizwe ukhathele ngaso sonke isikhathi.

Odokotela bakuthola kanjani lokhu?

Uma unezimpawu zobunzima bokugwinya, kufanele uqale ubonane nodokotela. Udokotela uzokubuza ngezimpawu zakho bese ekuxilonga. Angase akubuze nokuthi unezinye izinkinga ngokusebenza kwe-esophagus (i-esophageal dysmotility). Cishe uzothunyelwa kuchwepheshe kule ndawo, udokotela wezifo zamathumbu. Uzokwenza izivivinyo ezidingekayo ukuze anqume ukuthi yini ngempela ebangela inkinga yakho.

Nazi ezinye izivivinyo ezingaba khona:

• Ukuhlolwa kwe-Esophageal manometry: Lokhu kuhlola ukuthi i-esophagus yakho isebenza kahle kangakanani, ukuthi imisipha iyafinyela kahle yini, nokuthi imisipha ye-cricopharyngeal iphumula kahle yini.
• I-Esophagram (i-barium swallow): Kulolu vivinyo, uphuza isisombululo esibizwa ngokuthi i-barium bese kuthathwa i-X-ray ukuze ubone ukuthi kwenzekani ngaphakathi komphimbo wakho uma ugwinya ukudla. Uma kukhona isikhwama, singabonakala kahle.
• I-endoscopy Ephezulu: Lokhu kuhilela ukufaka ithubhu elincane elifakwe ikhamera ngomlomo bese ubheka phansi emhubheni. Lokhu kuvumela ukuthi ingaphakathi lomhubhe libonakale ngqo, ukuthi isikhwama sikuphi, kanye nobukhulu baso.

Iphathwa kanjani i-Zenker's Diverticulum?

Ezimweni eziningi, ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu ukuhlinzwa ukuze kususwe noma kulungiswe isikhwama. Lokhu kuzokuvumela ukuthi ugwinye kalula futhi. Kodwa-ke, akuwona wonke umuntu odinga ukuhlinzwa. Odokotela bangase batuse ukuhlinzwa uma isikhwama sibangela izinkinga ezinkulu, njengokungondleki kahle noma i-aspiration pneumonia.

Kunezinhlobo eziningana zokuhlinzwa ezingenziwa ngalokhu:

• Ukuhlinzwa okuvulekile: Kulolu hlobo lokuhlinzwa, kwenziwa ukusikwa okuncane entanyeni. Udokotela uya ngqo esikhwameni bese esisusa noma alungise imisipha.
• Ukuhlinzwa kwe-Endoscopic: Lokhu kuhilela ukufaka amathuluzi amancane ngomlomo ukuze kudalwe noma kukhishwe isikhwama. Akukho ukusikwa okwenziwe ngaphandle. Lokhu kunciphisa isikhathi sokuphulukiswa futhi akushiyi zibazi.
• I-ZPOEM (`I-Peral endoscopic myotomy'):Lena futhi inqubo ye-endoscopic. Ukuze kube sobala, i-`ZPOEM` imele i-`Zenker's Peroral Endoscopic Myotomy`. Kulokhu, imisipha ye-cricopharyngeal iyanwebeka kancane futhi ikhululeke. Ngemuva kwalokho, ukudla kwehla kalula.

Udokotela wakho wezifo zamathumbu uzoxoxa nawe ngokuthi iyiphi inqubo yokuhlinzwa engcono kakhulu kuwe.

Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukululama ngemva kokuhlinzwa?

Isikhathi sokululama ngemva kokuhlinzwa siyahlukahluka kuye ngohlobo lokuhlinzwa okwenzile. Ungalulama ngokushesha kakhulu ekuhlinzweni kwe-endoscopic noma ekuhlinzweni kwe-ZPOEM kunasekuhlinzweni okuvulekile. Udokotela wakho uzokuchazela lokhu ngokuningiliziwe. Kodwa-ke, ngokuvamile ungalindela okulandelayo:

• Kuzodingeka uhlale esibhedlela usuku olulodwa noma ezimbili, mhlawumbe ngisho nezinsuku ezimbalwa.
• Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, kuzodingeka udle uketshezi noma ukudla okuthambile, okucoliwe kahle cishe izinsuku ezimbili kuya kwamasonto amabili.
• Uma uhlinzwa ngokuvulekile, ungase unikezwe ukudla ngepayipi lokuncelisa lesikhashana kuze kube yilapho inxeba liphola.

Ingabe izinkinga zingaba khona ngenxa yokuhlinzwa?

Njenganoma yikuphi ukuhlinzwa, izinkinga ezincane zingavela ngalezi zinqubo zokuhlinzwa. Kunezinkinga eziningana ezivamile ezingavela kokubili ngokuhlinzwa okuvulekile kanye nokuhlinzwa kwe-endoscopic:

• Ukopha
• Imbobo noma ukudabuka emhubheni (ukuqhekeka komphimbo)
• Ukutheleleka entanyeni noma esifubeni (i-mediastinitis)
• Ukulimala kwezindebe, amazinyo, ulimi, noma izinsini ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa kwe-endoscopic
• Ukuhosha kwezwi uma inzwa elawula izintambo zezwi yonakele ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa okuvulekile

Kodwa lezi azivamile futhi zivame ukubonwa. Odokotela bazokwazisa ngalokhu futhi.

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela?

Uma uqhubeka nokuthola ubunzima bokugwinya, kungcono ukubona udokotela ngaphandle kokukushaya indiva. Futhi, uma uke wahlinzwa i-Zenker's diverticulum, shayela udokotela wakho wesisu ngokushesha uma uthola izimpawu zokutheleleka, njengomkhuhlane noma ubomvu .

Into ebalulekile ukuthi nakuba lesi simo singelapheka ngokwelashwa, ngezinye izikhathi isikhwama singaphinde sibuye. Ngakho-ke, buza udokotela wakho ukuthi yiziphi izimpawu ongase uzifune ezibonisa ukuthi sekukhona isikhwama esisha emphinjeni wakho.

Ngingenzani ukuze ngithole impumuzo?

Uma une-Zenker's diverticulum, kungaba nzima ukugwinya. Kungase kuzwakale sengathi ukudla kubhajwe emphinjeni wakho. Zama lezi zinto ezilula, ezingasiza ekucindezeleni ukudla phansi esikhwameni:

• Yidla ukudla kwakho kancane kancane, hhayi okukhulu ngesikhathi esisodwa.
• Hlafuna konke ukudla kahle ngaphambi kokugwinya. Lokhu kuzosiza ukudla ukuthi kuqhekeke kahle futhi kube lula ukugwinya.
• Phuza isiphuzo samanzi esisodwa noma amabili phakathi kokudla. Lokhu kusiza ekucindezeleni ukudla.
• Kungumqondo omuhle ukunciphisa inani lamantongomane, imbewu, nokudla okunezikhumba ezifana nama-apula notamatisi, njengoba kungabhajwa esikhwameni. Futhi, ukudla okomile kakhulu kungabhajwa.

Cabanga nje, kunezikhathi lapho sizizwa sijabule kakhulu noma sidabukile futhi imiphimbo yethu izizwa sengathi inciphile. Ngokufanayo, izimo ezifana ne-Zenker's diverticulum zingenza ngisho nesenzo esilula sokugwinya ukudla kube nzima kakhulu.

Lesi yisikhwama esakheka emphinjeni. Sakheka lapho ukudla kungakwazi ukudlula kusuka emphinjeni kuye emhubheni. Inkinga ingase iphele kuze kube yilapho isikhwama sesisikhulu ngokwanele okwenza kube nzima ukugwinya ukudla. Kodwa asibi ngcono ngokwaso. Ngenhlanhla, kunezindlela ezinhle zokwelapha lokhu.

Okokugcina, izinto okufanele uzikhumbule

Kulungile, ake sikukhumbuze izinto ezimbalwa esixoxe ngazo esicabanga ukuthi zibalulekile kuwe:

• I-Zenker's diverticulum iyisikhwama esincane esikhula engxenyeni engenhla yomphimbo wakho, phezulu komphimbo wakho.
• Uphawu oluyinhloko ubunzima bokugwinya (i-dysphagia) . Ezinye izimpawu zingase zihlanganise ukuphefumula okubi (i-halitosis), ukudla okubhajwa emphinjeni, kanye nomuzwa wokuthi kukhona okubhajwe emphinjeni.
• Uma unalezi zimpawu, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela . Ungakuzibi.
• Kunezindlela zokuhlinzwa zalokhu, futhi izinguquko ekudleni zingasiza ekulawuleni izimpawu.
• Ngisho noma sekwelaphekile, lesi simo singaphinde sibuye , ngakho-ke qaphela nalokho.

Ngiyethemba ukuthi lolu lwazi luzokusiza. Uma unenkinga, ungangabazi ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho. Khumbula, ukuxilongwa kusenesikhathi kanye nokwelashwa yikona okungcono kakhulu!

I-Zenker 's Diverticulum, isikhwama somphimbo, ubunzima bokugwinya, i-dysphagia, izinkinga zomphimbo, i-larynx, imisipha ye-cricopharyngeal