Hena ne saa forensic pathologist yi? Momma yɛnka eyi ho asɛm nkɔ akyiri!

So woate ‘Forensic Pathologist ’ ho asɛm pɛn? Ebia woahu saa din yi wɔ nsɛmmɔnedi ho nhwehwɛmu dwumadi bi mu wɔ television so anaa atesɛm krataa mu. Henanom ne saa nkurɔfo yi? Dwuma a ɛho hia bɛn na wodi? Ɛnnɛ yɛbɛka eyinom nyinaa ho asɛm wɔ ɔkwan a ɛyɛ mmerɛw koraa so, te sɛ nea yɛne yɛn adamfo bi rekasa.

Hena ne saa forensic pathologist yi?

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, forensic pathologist yɛ oduruyɛfo a ne ho akokwaw. Nanso saa oduruyɛfo yi nyɛ obi a ɔsa nyarewa kɛkɛ. Wɔn adwuma titiriw ne sɛ wɔbɛhwehwɛ owu a wɔnhwɛ kwan, adwenem naayɛ, nea ɛnteɛ, anaa basabasayɛ mu no mu yiye. Fa no sɛ, sɛ obi wu mpofirim na nea ɛde bae no mu nna hɔ, anaasɛ adwenem naayɛ bi wɔ hɔ sɛ na ɛyɛ nsɛmmɔnedi a, ɛhɔ na ɛho hia sɛ wonya mmoa a efi asɛnnibea ɔyare ho ɔbenfo yi hɔ.

Wunim sɛnea saa nkurɔfo yi yɛ sɔhwɛ ahorow yi? Mpɛn pii no , wɔyɛ amu mu nhwehwɛmu. Ɛne sɛ, wɔde aduruyɛ hwehwɛ owufo no amu mu na wohu nea ɛde owu bae ne sɛnea ɛbae. Enti saa nkurɔfo yi adwuma ne nnuruyɛ ne mmara nso wɔ abusuabɔ kɛse.

Enti, dɛn ne "Pathology" ne "Forensics"?

Momma yɛnte saa nsɛmfua abien yi ase kakra.

"Pathology" yɛ aduruyɛ baa dwumadibea titiriw foforo. Nea ɛka ho ne nipadua mu ntini a wɔbɛfa na wɔde ayɛ nhwehwɛmu wɔ aduruyɛdan mu de ahu nyarewa anaasɛ wɔanya nsɛm a wɔde bɛyɛ asɛnnibea . Sɛ nhwɛso no, sɛ wowɔ yare pɔtee bi a, oduruyɛfo bi gye ntini ketewaa bi fi wo nsam (biopsy) na ɔde kɔma sɛ wɔnkɔyɛ nhwehwɛmu, ɛnte saa? Ɛno ne nea pathology kyerɛ.

Asɛmfua "Forensic" kyerɛ sɛ "ɛfa nyansahu akwan a wɔfa so siesie nsɛmmɔnedi ho." Nanso, ɛnyɛ owu biara a asɛnnibea ɔyare ho ɔbenfo hwehwɛ mu no na ɛsɛ sɛ ɛyɛ nsɛmmɔnedi. Ɛtɔ da bi a akwanhyia anaa yareɛ bi a wɔnhunuu obi wu. Saa nkurɔfo yi boa ma wɔkyerɛkyerɛ saa nneɛma no nyinaa mu.

Mmeae bɛn na forensic pathologist yɛ ne ho akokwaw wɔ mu?

Saa nnuruyɛfo yi wɔ ntetee titiriw ne nimdeɛ a ɛboro nnuruyɛfo a wɔyɛ adwuma wɔ hɔ nyinaa de so. Nneɛma atitiriw a wɔyɛ ho nimdeɛ no bi ne:

• Awudisɛm ho adesua: Aduruyɛ baa dwumadibea yi sua awuduru ahorow, sɛnea ɛka nipadua no, ne sɛnea wohu no . Sɛ nhwɛso no, wɔyɛ awuduru a mframa te sɛ carbon monoxide, ɔwɔ a wɔka, nkoekoemmoa a wɔwe, ne nnubɔne te sɛ opioid anaa nsa a wɔnom boro so de ba no mu nhwehwɛmu wɔ saa asɛm yi mu.

• Adesua a ɛfa atuo ne opira a ɛde ba (Ballistics ne ballistics akuru): Wɔ eyi muƐsua sɛnea nneɛma te sɛ atuo tu ne nkɛntɛnso a enya wɔ nipadua no so ho ade . Sɛ wohwehwɛ obi a wɔatow no tuo no apirakuru mu a, wubetumi ahu nneɛma pii, te sɛ tuo ko a wofii mu tow no ne baabi a wɔtow no kɔ akyirikyiri.

• Adanse a hwehwɛ: Eyi ho hia yiye. Ɛkyerɛ nneɛma nketenkete paa a wogyaw wɔ akyi bere a nneɛma abien anaa nnipa baanu bɔ wɔn ho wɔn ho . Sɛ nhwɛso no, nhama a ɛwɔ ntade so, nipadua mu nsu, atuo a aka, ti nhwi, nsateaa nkyerɛwee, ne nea ɛkeka ho Saa nneɛma nketenkete yi betumi aboa ma wɔadi nsɛmmɔnedi akɛse mpo ho dwuma.

• Serology: Nea ɛka eyi ho ne sɛ wɔde afiri a wɔde hwɛ mogya ne nipadua mu nsu afoforo bɛhwehwɛ mu, anaasɛ wɔde mfiri titiriw (analyzers) bɛyɛ nhwehwɛmu ahorow wɔ saa nhwɛsode ahorow yi so. Eyi betumi aboa ma wɔahu mogya ko ne sɛ ebia nyarewa bi wɔ hɔ anaa.

• DNA mfiridwuma: Ebia woate DNA ho asɛm. Nea ɛka ho ne awosu mu nneɛma (DNA) a wosua na wɔde di dwuma wɔ nsɛmmɔnedi ho nhwehwɛmu mu. Sɛ nhwɛso no, wɔde DNA nhwehwɛmu di dwuma de DNA nhwɛsode bi a wohuu wɔ baabi a wɔyɛɛ nsɛmmɔnedi no toto obi a wosusuw sɛ ɔyɛ ɔsɛmmɔnedifo DNA ho, anaasɛ wɔde si onipa a wawu so dua.

Dɛn ankasa na forensic pathologist yɛ?

Afei momma yɛnhwɛ wɔn nnwuma atitiriw. Sɛ obi wu mpofirim anaa basabasayɛ mu a, wɔn adwuma titiriw ne sɛ wɔbɛkyerɛ nea ɛde owu bae, bere a owui, ne ɔkwan a ɔfaa so wui (i.e., sɛ ebia na ɛyɛ awudi, okum ne ho, akwanhyia, abɔde mu owu, anaa biribi foforo a wontumi nhu no yiye).

Sɛ obi bɛyɛ saa nneɛma yi a, forensic pathologist di anammɔn yi akyi:

1. Owufo no nipasu a wobesi so dua anaa nsɛm a ɛho hia a wɔbɛboaboa ano de asi onipa ko a ɔyɛ no so dua: Ɛtɔ mmere bi a ɛyɛ den sɛ wobehu onii ko a owufo no yɛ. Saa bere no, saa nkurɔfo yi boa ma wohu onipa ko a obi yɛ denam nyansahu mu akwan horow a wɔfa so yɛ no so.

2. Owufo no aduruyɛ ho abakɔsɛm a wobesua: Eyi kyerɛ sɛ wɔbɛhwɛ owufo no nyarewa ne nnuru a wadi kan anya, efisɛ ɛtɔ mmere bi a eyinom betumi aka owu.

3. Sɛ ɛyɛ nsɛmmɔnedi a, hwehwɛ adanse a ɛwɔ baabi a wɔyɛɛ nsɛmmɔnedi no mu wɔ owu no ho: Saa nkurɔfo yi hwehwɛ sɛnea owu no ne adanse a polisifo aboaboa ano no wɔ abusuabɔ.

4. Ofunu mu nhwehwɛmu a wɔbɛyɛ de ahu adanse a ɛkyerɛ sɛ obi apirapira anaa wayare: Eyi ne ade a ɛho hia sen biara a nnipa dodow no ara nim. Wɔhwehwɛ nipadua no mu, apirakuru a ɛwɔ nipadua no mu, sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow, .Wohu nneɛma a ɛte saa. Ɛsɛ sɛ wɔkyerɛw saa adanse yi yiye paa, efisɛ ɛbɛyɛ nea ɛho hia yiye wɔ asɛnnibea asɛm bi mu akyiri yi.

5. Honam fam adanse a wɔboaboa ano na wɔhwehwɛ mu fi nipadua no mu: Saa bere yi de, wɔboaboa nneɛma a yɛadi kan aka ho asɛm te sɛ nhama ne nhwi no ano na wɔde mena ma wɔakɔsɔ ahwɛ.

Sɛ wɔyɛ nhwehwɛmu ahorow yi nyinaa wie a, asɛnnibea ɔyaresafo no siesie amanneɛbɔ bi a wɔakyerɛw a ɛkyerɛkyerɛ nea ɛde owu bae, bere a owui, ne ɔkwan a ɔfaa so wuwui mu . Ebia wɔbɛhwehwɛ nso sɛ wodi nea wɔahu yi ho adanse sɛ ɔdansefo a ne ho akokwaw wɔ asɛnnibea, sɛ ɛho hia a.

Hyɛ no nsow a ɛho hia: Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, forensic pathologists hwehwɛ ayarefo a wɔte ase a wɔato wɔn mmonnaa anaa wɔayɛ wɔn ayayade no mu.

Ɛhe na saa asɛnnibea ɔyare ho animdefo yi yɛ adwuma?

Mpɛn pii no, forensic pathologists yɛ adwuma wɔ Medical Examiner anaa Coroner adwumayɛbea ahorow a ɛwɔ kurow anaa ɔmantam bagua bi ase. Ɛne sɛ, wɔ aban ahyehyɛde ahorow mu. Nea ɛka ho no, ebinom de owu akyi nhwehwɛmu ho adwuma ma mmaranimfo ne mmusua wɔ ayaresabea ahorow, aduruyɛ sukuu ahorow, anaa wɔnam ankorankoro asoɛe ahorow so.

Saa nkurɔfo yi de wɔn bere dodow no ara tra afunu dan mu yɛ owu akyi nhwehwɛmu anaasɛ wɔ aduruyɛdan mu hwehwɛ ntini ahorow mu. Nanso, ɛtɔ mmere bi a ɛsɛ sɛ wɔkɔ baabi a obi wui kɔ ne polisifo nhwehwɛmufo yɛ adwuma.

Nsonsonoe bɛn na ɛda Forensic Pathologist, Coroner, ne Medical Examiner ntam?

Saa edin abiɛsa yi betumi ama obi adwene atu afra kakra. Ma yɛnhwɛ nea wɔkyerɛ.

• Forensic Pathology yɛ aduruyɛ baa dwumadibea titiriw bi. Ɛne sɛ, forensic pathologist yɛ obi a ɛho hia sɛ ɔwɔ aduruyɛ ho abodin krataa na wanya ntetee titiriw.
• "Medical Examiner" yɛ adwuma din a wɔtaa de ma forensic pathologist a ɔyɛ adwuma ma aban. Ɛne sɛ, ɛda adi kɛse sɛ aduruyɛ mu nhwehwɛmufo yɛ ɔyare ho ɔbenfo a ɔhwɛ asɛnnibea.
• "Coroner" yɛ aban panyin a wɔapaw no anaa wɔapaw no a ɔdi nea ɛde owu bae no ho adanse. Mpɛn pii no, wɔn a wodi awu no nyɛ nnuruyɛfo. Enti, wɔtaa ne forensic pathologist bi bom yɛ adwuma. Wubetumi ahu nhyehyɛe yi wɔ Sri Lanka nso.

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, forensic pathologist yɛ obi a wanya aduruyɛ ho ntetee a ɛkorɔn sen biara. Gyinabea abien a aka no betumi ayɛ soronko a egyina aman bi mmara nhyehyɛe so.

Wobɛyɛ dɛn abɛyɛ forensic pathologist?

Eyi nyɛ akwantu a ɛyɛ mmerɛw. Sɛ obi bɛyɛ forensic pathologist a, egye adwumaden pii ne adesua pii. Ɔkwan titiriw a ɛsɛ sɛ wofa so ne eyi:

1. Wie adesua a edi kan wɔ aduruyɛ mu wɔ sukuupɔn bi mu na woanya abodin krataa.

2. Kyerɛw wo din wɔ aduruyɛ sukuu mu na wie aduruyɛ ho abodin krataa (`MD - Doctor of Medicine` anaa `DO - Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine`).Eyi ne `MBBS' abodin krataa a ɛwɔ Sri Lanka no yɛ pɛ.

3. Anyɛ yiye koraa no mfe abiɛsa a wɔde sua aduruyɛ ho ntetee wɔ adesua akyi (`Residency training program`) a wobewie. Eyi fa Anatomical Pathology ne Clinical Pathology afã horow no nyinaa ho.

4. Ɔtwam wɔ specialist board sɔhwɛ ahorow mu. Sɛ nhwɛso no, wɔ United States no, ɛsɛ sɛ wunya saa adansedi krataa yi fi ahyehyɛde bi te sɛ American Board of Pathology hɔ.

5. Afei, wie fekubɔ ntetee titiriw bi wɔ Forensic Pathology mu. Eyi ne ntetee a ɛkorɔn sen biara a wɔde ma wɔ saa adwuma yi mu.

Woahu, eyi yɛ nhomasua ne ntetee a ɛkɔ so bere tenten. Boasetɔ, ahofama, ne asɛm no ho anigye a emu yɛ den ho hia.

Bere tenten ahe na saa akwantu yi gye?

Sɛ wɔkyekyem pɛpɛɛpɛ a, egye bɛyɛ mfe 13 ansa na obi abɛyɛ ɔyare ho ɔbenfo wɔ asɛnnibea. Nea ɛka eyi ho ne nhomasua a wɔde ma ansa na wɔayɛ aduruyɛ, aduruyɛ sukuu, ntetee a wɔde ma wɔ baabi a wɔte, ne fekubɔ ntetee. Enti ɛyɛ bɔhyɛ kɛse ankasa.

Awiei koraa no, nea ɛsɛ sɛ wokae (Take-Home Message) .

Forensic pathologists yɛ nnuruyɛfo kuw bi a wɔyɛ adwuma a ɛho hia yiye wɔ akyi. Sɛ owu bi a wɔnhwɛ kwan anaasɛ ɛyɛ adwenem naayɛ si a, wɔn nimdeɛ ne wɔn ahokokwaw ho hia na ama wɔahu nea ɛde ba ankasa na wɔahwɛ ahu sɛ wɔabu atɛntrenee. Ɛwom sɛ ɛtɔ mmere bi a yɛnte saa nkurɔfo yi ho asɛm pii de, nanso mmoa a wɔde ma wɔ atɛntrenee a wɔde di dwuma wɔ ɔmanfo mu no som bo kɛse.

Susuw ho hwɛ, sɛ obi wu esiane akwanhyia, nsɛmmɔnedi, anaa biribi foforo nti a, nsɛmmisa ahe na abusua no mufo wɔ? "Dɛn nti na eyi sii?", "Hena na ɔde eyi ho asodi to no so?" Nneɛma a ɛtete saa. Asɛnnibea nyarewa ho animdefo yɛ adwuma kɛse de nyansahu mu mmuae ma wɔ saa nsɛmmisa no ho, na ebia wɔde adanse a ehia na wɔde ma nea odi fɔ no sɛ ɛwɔ hɔ a.

Enti, bere foforo a wobɛte ``Forensic Pathologist'' ho asɛm no, afei wunim nnipa ko a wɔyɛ ne ɔsom a ɛsom bo a wɔde ma.

` Forensic Pathology, Pathologist, Autopsy, Owuo akyi Nhwehwɛmu, DNA, Toxicology, Mmara mu Oduruyɛfoɔ, Forensic Pathologist, Autopsy