Momma yensua Acetylcholine (ACh) ho ade kɛkɛ: Yɛn nipadua no kokoam somafo!

So woasusuw adwuma dodow a ɛkɔ so wɔ wo nipadua mu, a wunhu mpo ho pɛn? Susuw ho, wo koma a ɛbɔ, wo home, w’anim bi a woahu a wokae, wo nsa ne wo nan a wotutu... Eyi nyinaa nsi kwa. Nnuru ho abɔfo nketenkete wɔ eyinom nyinaa akyi. Ɛnnɛ, yɛrebɛka saa abɔfoɔ a wɔho hia paa wɔ yɛn nipadua mu no mu baako ho asɛm. Ne din ne acetylcholine, anaa (ACh) a wɔatwa no tiaa.

Enti hena ne saa acetylcholine (ACh) yi?

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, acetylcholine (ACh) yɛ nnuru bi a wɔfrɛ no neurotransmitter. Fa no sɛ telefon so nkitahodi bi a ɛda yɛn amemene ne yɛn nipadua a aka no ntam. Enti eyinom (neurotransmitters) te sɛ ‘abɔfo’ a wɔde nkrasɛm kɔ anim ne akyi wɔ saa nkitahodi no so.

Acetylcholine yɛ ntini mu nkwaadɔm a ɛkanyan adwene. Ɛno kyerɛ sɛ saa ɔbɔfo yi kɔ ntini nkwammoaa a edi hɔ no mu na "ɔkanyan no," "ɔma no nhyɛso pa," ka sɛ, "Okay, afei ɛyɛ wo de, fa nkrasɛm yi kɔ w'anim."

Enya ne din fii nneɛma abien a wɔde yɛ no mu. Ɛyɛ acetyl kuw ne aduannuru bi a wɔfrɛ no choline. Yebetumi anya saa choline yi afi aduan mu. Wohu wɔ nneɛma te sɛ ɛmo a wɔayam, soya, ne nhabannuru ne nnuaba mu. Yɛn mmerɛbo nso na ɛyɛ.

Acetylcholine yɛ nnwuma atitiriw pii wɔ yɛn nipadua mu. Ɛho hia titiriw ma ntini ahorow a wofi wɔn pɛ mu keka wɔn ho . Ɛsan nso di dwuma titiriw wɔ amemene no dwumadi ahorow te sɛ nkae, nsusuwii, ne nneɛma foforo a wosua mu .

Ɔkwan bɛn so na eyi ba yɛn nipadua mu?

Yɛwɔ enzyme bi wɔ yɛn nipadua mu a wɔfrɛ no ‘choline acetyltransferase’. Fa no sɛ obi a ɔyɛ aduannoafo. Saa enzyme yi ne nea ɛka choline ne acetyl kuw a yɛadi kan aka ho asɛm no bom ma ɛyɛ ɔbɔfo acetylcholine (ACh) a ɛyɛ dɛ no. Saa adeyɛ yi kɔ so wɔ yɛn ntini mu nkwammoaa no awiei.

Okay, afei momma yɛnhwɛ sɛnea saa nkrasɛm yi tu kwan.

Sɛ wɔyɛ acetylcholine (ACh) wie a, wɔde sie ntini mu nkwammoaa bi awiei, te sɛ nkrataa a wɔaboaboa ano wɔ posɔfese mu. Saa ACh a wɔakora so yi fi adi bere a nkrasɛm bi fi amemene no mu ba no.

Afei saa ACh yi huruw kɔ ɔkwan ketewaa bi a ɛda ntini mu nkwammoaa abien ntam mu. Wɔfrɛ saa nsonsonoe yi sɛ synaptic cleft. Fa no sɛ nkrasɛm a ɛrehuruw atwa asubɔnten.

Ntini mu nkwammoaa a ɛwɔ ne nkyɛn no wɔ mmeae titiriw a ɛbɛkyere ACh a ɛreba yi. Sɛ yɛbɛka no pɛpɛɛpɛ a, ɛte sɛ safe a ɛfata safe. Yɛfrɛ saa nneɛma a ɛma wogye nneɛma yi. Nneɛma atitiriw abien na ɛwɔ hɔ a ɛma acetylcholine nya:

1. Nneɛma a ɛma nicotine

2. Nnuru a ɛma nipadua no nya muscarinic

Sɛ ACh safoa no kyekyere Ibi safoa abien yi mu biako a, wɔde nkrasɛm no kɔ nkwammoaa a edi hɔ no mu. Saa kwan yi so no, nkrasɛm no fi nkwammoaa biako mu kɔ foforo mu na edu baabi a ɛfata (sɛ nhwɛso no, ntini bi).

Nneɛma atitiriw bɛn na acetylcholine (ACh) yɛ wɔ yɛn nipadua so?

Acetylcholine (ACh) wɔ dwumadi ahorow pii. Ne dwumadi gu ahorow gyina nea ɛkyekyere no so. Momma yɛnhwɛ ne dwumadi atitiriw.

Nkwammoaa ahorow abien no nyinaa ka biribiara ho fi yɛn nkae a yɛbɛkɔ so akura mu so, kosi nkae foforo a yɛbɛhyehyɛ, akora so, ne nea yɛkae so . Ɛho hia kɛse nso wɔ amemene no mu, ma yɛn adwene, ɔpɛ a yɛwɔ sɛ yebesua ade, ne nna a emu dɔ a wɔfrɛ no REM (Rapid Eye Movement) nna.

Sɛ wɔtew eyi so a, nyarewa bɛn na ebetumi aba?

Sɛ acetylcholine (ACh) dodow a ɛwɔ yɛn nipadua mu no so tew a, ebetumi ama yɛanya ayaresa mu tebea horow a emu yɛ den pii. Wɔn titiriw ne:

• Alzheimer yare: Eyi yɛ yare a ɛka nkae titiriw. Wɔahu sɛ nnipa a wɔwɔ Alzheimer yare no acetylcholine dodow a ɛwɔ wɔn amemene mu no so tew kɛse.
• Myasthenia gravis: Eyi yɛ ɔyare a nipadua no tumi ko tia nyarewa. Eyi kyerɛ sɛ yɛn nipadua no ankasa nipadua mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa no yɛ adwuma tia yɛn. Nea ɛkɔ so wɔ ha ne sɛ yɛn nipadua mu nkwammoaa a ɛko tia nyarewa no kɔ na ɛsɛe acetylcholine receptors (ACh) a ɛwɔ ntini no mu no. Afei ACh no ntumi mfa nkrasɛm no nkɔ, enti nkakrankakra ntini no yɛ mmerɛw.
• Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome: Eyi nso ma ntini ahorow yɛ mmerɛw. Nanso ɛsono nea ɛde ba. Nea ɛkɔ so wɔ ha ne sɛ ntini mu nkwammoaa no nnyi ACh a ɛdɔɔso mfi mu.

Nneɛma afoforo a ɛka acetylcholine (ACh) .

Awerɛhosɛm ne sɛ, ebinom de nimdeɛ a ɛfa sɛnea acetylcholine yɛ adwuma ho no adi dwuma de apira nnipa.

Sɛ nhwɛso no, ntini mu mframa te sɛ sarin ne nnuru bi a ekum nkoekoemmoa yɛ adwuma denam enzyme a ɛma nneɛma fi mu a wɔfrɛ no acetylcholinesterase a yɛadi kan aka ho asɛm no a ɛma ɛnyɛ adwuma no so. Eyi ma ACh boaboa ano, na ɛma ntini ahorow no di dɛm na ɛma owu mpo.

Afei nso, sɛ wɔwe a, okunafo tuntum akɔre awuduru ma ACh dodow kɔ soro kɛse. Eyi betumi ama ntini no atwetwe denneennen, atwitwiw, na abubu, na wawu mpo.

So nnuru bi wɔ hɔ a wɔde wɔn ani si eyi so?

Aane. Wɔde nnuru a wɔde wɔn ani si acetylcholine so di dwuma de sa ayaresa tebea horow bi.

Nnuru kuw titiriw ne ‘cholinesterase inhibitors’. Saa nnuru yi yɛ adwuma denam enzyme a ɛpaapae ACh a esiw ano no so. Eyi ma ACh tra ntini mu nkwammoaa ntam kwan no mu kyɛ, na ɛma ne dwumadi yɛ kɛse. Wɔde saa nnuru yi (e.g. donepezil, rivastigmine) sa tebea horow a ACh dodow sua, te sɛ Alzheimer yare ne myasthenia gravis .

Nhwɛsoɔ foforɔ ne Botulinum toxin , anaa sɛdeɛ yɛn nyinaa nim no, ‘Botox’. Ɛyɛ adwuma denam ACh a efi ntini ahorow awiei a esiw ano no so. Eyi ma ntini ahorow no dwo mmom sen sɛ ɛbɛtwetwe. Wɔde yɛ ahosiesie (de tew nwi so) na wɔde sa tebea horow te sɛ atiridiinini.

So yebetumi anom eyi wɔ aduruyɛ mu? So yebetumi anya afi aduan mu?

Wontumi nnom acetylcholine (ACh) ankasa sɛ aduru. Nanso, wobetumi anom aduannuru a ɛboa ma wɔyɛ no, choline, sɛ aduannuru a wɔde ka ho. Wogye di sɛ nhabannuru bi te sɛ Ginkgo biloba nso ka ACh dodow.

Nanso biribi a ɛsɛ sɛ wokae ampa ni . Mfa nnuru biara a wɔde ka aduan ho nni dwuma da a wunni kan nkɔ wo duruyɛfo anaa nnuruyɛfo nkyɛn . Wobetumi ne nnuru afoforo a worenom no adi nkitaho, anaasɛ ebetumi apira wo.

Nanso yebetumi anya choline afi awosu mu afi aduan mu. Nnuan titiriw a ɛwɔ mu no bi ne:

• Nantwinam mmerɛbo
• Nkwaa a wɔde yɛ nkesua
• Nantwinam
• Soyabeans, akutu a wɔfrɛ no chickpeas
• Akokɔ
• Cod mpataa
• Quinoa na ɔkyerɛwee
• Nnua a wɔde yɛ nsenia, broccoli
• Nofosuo