So wo nso wotaa fefe? Sɛ wosɔre anɔpa a, wobrɛ sɛ wobɛfefe? Anaasɛ w’ano ne wo tɛkrɛma hohoro na wo nipadua yɛ wo yaw bere a woadi nnuan bi awie no? Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, ɛyɛ den ma wo sɛ wobɛhome? Ebia nea enti a saa nneɛma yi ba no yɛ ɔhaw ketewaa bi a ɛwɔ wo nipadua mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa no mu. Oduruyɛfo bi wɔ hɔ a ɔsa nneɛma te sɛ akisikuru ne ayamtu na ɔwɔ nimdeɛ titiriw wɔ ho. Yɛfrɛ saa oduruyɛfo no sɛ obi a ɔhwɛ akisikuru .
Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, hena ne saa ɔyaresafo yi?
Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, Allergist yɛ oduruyɛfo a ne ho akokwaw wɔ nyarewa a ɛfa yɛn nipadua mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa ho . Afei ebia woresusuw nea saa nipadua no mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa yi yɛ ho. Ɛkyerɛ yɛn ankasa ahobammɔ nhyehyɛe a ɛko tia nyarewa ne mmoawa a wɔhyɛn yɛn nipadua mu na ɛma yɛkɔ so nya apɔwmuden. Nanso ɛtɔ mmere bi a nhyehyɛe yi bɛyɛ nea ɛyɛ nnam dodo kakra. Ɛno na ɔhaw ahorow no fi ase.
Nyarewa ahorow atitiriw abiɛsa na ɛwɔ hɔ a oduruyɛfo a ɔhwɛ akisikuru de n’adwene si so:
1. Allergies ne allergic disorders: Eyi ba bere a wo nipadua mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa no yɛ ade boro so wɔ biribi a ɛnyɛ nea epira ankasa (sɛ nhwɛso no, aduan, mfutuma, pollen) ho no. Ebetumi afi biribi a wudi, wohome, anaa wode wo nsa ka wo honam ani.
2. Akisikuru: Eyi ne bere a mframa kwan a ɛwɔ w’ahurututu mu no ho yɛ hyew. Eyi betumi ama ayɛ den sɛ ɔbɛhome, ne koko ayɛ den, na wafefe. Nneɛma ahorow a ɛma obi ho yɛ no yaw nso betumi ama ayamtu asɛe kɛse.
3. Nyarewa titiriw a ɛma nipadua no tumi ko tia nyarewa: Eyinom yɛ nyarewa a emu yɛ den kakra na ɛntaa nsi. Awosu mu nneɛma na ɛde ba, na nea ɛkɔ so wɔ ha ne sɛ nipadua no mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa no ntumi nyɛ adwuma yiye. Eyi kyerɛ sɛ tumi a obi tumi ko tia nyarewa no so tew.
Susuw yɛn nipadua mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa no ho sɛ asraafo a wɔrebɔ ɔman bi ho ban. Wɔ allergy ho no, saa asraafo yi di mfomso bu onipa a ɔyɛ ɔkwasea a ɔnyɛ asiane biara (e.g. cashew nut) sɛ ɔtamfo kɛse na wɔtow hyɛ no so. Oduruyɛfo a ɔhwɛ akisikuru so boa saa asraafo dɔm yi ma wohu ɔtamfo no ankasa.
So oduruyɛfo bi wɔ hɔ a ɛma mmofra nkumaa a wɔn ho yɛ wɔn hyew?
Yiw, koraa. Mmofra nkumaa nso nya allergy te sɛ eyi, ɛnte saa? Enti yɛfrɛ nnuruyɛfo atitiriw a wɔsa akisikuru, ayamtu, ne nipadua no mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa a ɛte sɛ eyi wɔ nkokoaa, mmofra a wɔretu mmirika, ne mmofra nkumaa mu no sɛ Mmofra Ho Ɔbenfo .
Dɛn ankasa na oduruyɛfo a ɔhwɛ akisikuru yɛ?
Oduruyɛfo a ɔhwɛ akisikuru hwehwɛ ɔhaw ahorow a ɛwɔ wo nipadua mu ahoɔden a ɛko tia nyarewa no mu na ɔsa. Sɛ yɛbɛte eyi ase yiye kakra a, momma yɛnhwɛ nea wɔyɛ.
| Dɛn na oduruyɛfo a ɔhwɛ akisikuru yɛ? | Nkyerɛkyerɛmu a ɛnyɛ den |
|---|---|
| Sɔhwɛ a wɔyɛ de hwɛ sɛ obi anya akisikuru | Wohu nea wo ho yɛ wo hyew ankasa. Ɛno kyerɛ sɛ wohu pɛpɛɛpɛ sɛ ebia ɛyɛ nnuan, mfutuma, pollen, mmoa dander, ne nea ɛkeka ho. |
| Ahurututu mu dwumadi ho sɔhwɛ | Wɔyɛ nhwehwɛmu de hu sɛ wowɔ ayamtu anaa. Yɛsan frɛ eyi Spirometry sɔhwɛ. |
| Nnuru ne nnwinnade a wɔkyerɛw ma nkurɔfo | Ɔkyerɛw nnuru (sɛ nhwɛso no, nnuru a wɔde kum ɔyare mmoawa, srade) ne mfiri te sɛ nea wɔde home de siw akisikuru ne ayamtu tebea horow so na ɛtew so. |
| Asetra mu nsakrae ho nyansahyɛ a wɔde ma | Wɔbɛma wo afotu wɔ sɛnea wobɛtwe wo ho afi nneɛma a ɛkanyan wo akisikuru ho. Sɛ nhwɛso no, wɔbɛma obi a n’ani nnye mfutuma ho afotu wɔ sɛnea ɔbɛma ne fie ho atew ho. |
| Nnuru a ɛko tia nyarewa a wɔde ma | Eyi yɛ ayaresa soronko bi. Wɔ nnipa binom fam no, wɔma wɔn ‘allergy shots’, a ɛyɛ nnuru a wɔde twitwiw nipadua no mu a ɛde nkakrankakra de allergen no kɔ nipadua no mu, na ɛma nipadua no yɛ ne su. Bere kɔ so no, eyi ma akisikuru no so tew. |
| Nyarewa a ɛma nipadua no tumi ko tia nyarewa a wohu | Sɛ wotaa yare a, yɛhwehwɛ mu sɛ ebia nea ɛde ba no fi nipadua no mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa a ɛyɛ mmerɛw anaa. |
Dɛn ne tebea horow a ɛtaa ba a oduruyɛfo a ɔhwɛ akisikuru sa?
Nyarewa pii wɔ hɔ a oduruyɛfo a ɔhwɛ akisikuru sa. Tebea horow a ɛtaa ba a yehu no bi ne:
- Aniwa mu yare a ɛma obi ho yɛ no hyew: Aniwa a ɛyɛ kɔkɔɔ, ɛyɛ yaw, ɛyɛ nsu.
- Allergic rhinitis anaa hay fever: Ɔtaa fefe, ne hwene mu nsuo, na ne hwene mu yɛ den.
- Anaphylaxis: Eyi yɛ akisikuru a emu yɛ den yiye na ɛba mpofirim. Ebetumi ama ahome ayɛ den na nipadua no ahonhon. Eyi yɛ tebea a egye ayaresa ntɛm ara.
- Akisikuru
- Nnuru ho akisikuru
- Eczema: Tebea a ɛma honam ani yɛ kusuu, ɛyɛ kɔkɔɔ, na ɛyɛ yaw.
- Aduan ho akisikuru: Nneyɛe a ɛba bere a wodi nnuan bi (e.g., nufusu, nkesua, atoko, shrimp, squid).
- Hives anaa urticaria: Nsuo a ɛyɛ kɔkɔɔ, ɛho ahonhon, ɛyɛ yaw wɔ honam ani.
- Nkoekoemmoa a wɔwe wɔn ho akisikuru: Ade a emu yɛ den kɛse wɔ wasp anaa wasp sting ho sen obi a ɔte ase.
- Sinus infections: Sɛ wotaa nya sinus haw ahorow a, ebia biribi a ɛma wo ho yɛ wo hyew wɔ hɔ.
Bere bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ wokɔ oduruyɛfo a ɔhwɛ akisikuru nkyɛn?
Ebia woresusuw ho sɛ, "So ɛsɛ sɛ mekɔ oduruyɛfo titiriw bi nkyɛn esiane sɛ mefefe kakra nti?" Ɛho nhia sɛ wobɛkɔ oduruyɛfo a ɔhwɛ akisikuru nkyɛn wɔ ade ketewaa biara ho. Nanso, sɛ wowɔ tebea bi te sɛ nea ɛwɔ ase ha yi a, ɛho hia yiye sɛ wo ne w’abusua oduruyɛfo kasa na wokɔma wo kɔ oduruyɛfo a ɔhwɛ akisikuru nkyɛn.
| Tebea a worehyia no | Nea ɛsɛ sɛ wɔyɛ |
|---|---|
| Sɛ wo nya akisikuru a emu yɛ den (sɛ nhwɛso no, akisikuru, anim anaa tɛkrɛma a ɛho ahonhon, ɛyɛ den sɛ wobɛhome) . | Yiw, akyinnye biara nni ho.Wɔ tebea a ɛte saa mu no, ɛsɛ sɛ wokɔ ayaresabea a ɛbɛn wo no Emergency Department (ETU) ntɛm ara. Afei ɛsɛ sɛ wokɔ oduruyɛfo a ɔhwɛ akisikuru nkyɛn. |
| Wowɔ allergy, nanso wunnim nea ɛyɛ ankasa. | Aane. Oduruyɛfo a ɔhwɛ akisikuru betumi ahu nea ɛde ba ankasa. Afei wubetumi atwe wo ho afi saa nneɛma no ho. |
| Sɛ wɔantumi anhyɛ wo akisikuru anaa ayamtu no so ɛmfa ho sɛ wonom nnuru na woyɛ nsakrae wɔ w’asetra mu no. | Aane. Ebia wubehia ayaresa a ɛfata kɛse. Oduruyɛfo a ɔhwɛ akisikuru betumi atu wo fo yiye wɔ saa asɛm no ho. |
| Sɛ saa akisikuru anaa ayamtu yi rehaw wo da biara da asetra ne w’adwuma a. | Aane. Asetra yɛ mfonoe bere a woyare bere nyinaa no. Sɛ wosa wo yare yiye a, wubetumi abɔ bra sɛnea ɛsɛ. |
| Sɛ wote nka sɛ wo home yɛ wo yaw a, nya nnyigyei a ɛyɛ hu wɔ wo moma so, anaasɛ wobɛfe (titiriw bere a woreyɛ apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ anaa anadwo). | Aane. Eyinom betumi ayɛ ayamtu ho sɛnkyerɛnne. Ɛho hia sɛ wunya yare no ho nhwehwɛmu a edi mu. |
| Sɛ wotaa yare a , anaasɛ sɛ atiridiinini a ɛtaa ba mpo gye bere tenten ansa na wo ho atɔ wo. | Aane. Eyi betumi ayɛ sɛnkyerɛnne a ɛkyerɛ sɛ nipadua no mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa no ayɛ mmerɛw. Ɛyɛ adwene pa sɛ wobɛkɔ akɔhwɛ. |
Ɔkwan bɛn so na oduruyɛfo a ɔhwɛ akisikuru yɛ nhwehwɛmu hwɛ sɛ obi anya akisikuru?
Sɛ wokɔ oduruyɛfo a ɔhwɛ akisikuru nkyɛn a, wɔbɛyɛ nhwehwɛmu ahorow de ahu nea wo ho yɛ wo hyew.
- Skin prick/scratch sɔhwɛ ahorow:Eyi ne sɔhwɛ a wɔtaa yɛ. Ɛha yi, wɔde ade a wususuw sɛ wo ho nyɛ wo den no kakraa bi pɛ (e.g. pollen, mfutuma) gu wo nsa honam ani wɔ nsu mu. Afei, wɔde ade ketewaa bi hyɛ honam ani. Ɛnyɛ yaw, ɛte sɛ ntɛtea ketewa bi a ɔrebɔ. Wɔ simma 15-20 mu no, sɛ wo ho nyɛ wo hyew wɔ biribi ho a, beae no bɛyɛ kɔkɔɔ kakra na akisikuru ketewaa bi bɛda adi, te sɛ nwansena a wɔaka wo.
- Mogya mu nhwehwɛmu: Nea ɛka eyi ho ne sɛ wobɛfa wo mogya bi na wɔasɔ ahwɛ wɔ aduruyɛdan mu ahwɛ sɛ ebia nnuru a ɛko tia nyarewa bi wɔ wo mogya mu a wɔayɛ atia nneɛma bi anaa.
- Aduan ho sɔhwɛ ahorow: Wɔyɛ eyi wɔ ayaresabea a oduruyɛfo hwɛ so yiye nkutoo. Wɔde aduan a wususuw sɛ wo ho yɛ wo hyew no ma wo wɔ dodow a ɛkɔ soro nkakrankakra mu bere a oduruyɛfo rehwɛ no. Botae a ɛwɔ ha ne sɛ wobɛhwɛ sɛ ebia wo ho yɛ wo hyew anaa.
Wɔ nhwehwɛmu ahorow yi akyi no, wobetumi ayɛ nneɛma te sɛ ahurututu mu dwumadi ho nhwehwɛmu (spirometry) nso de ahwɛ sɛ obi anya ayamtu anaa.
Nkrasɛm a Wɔde Kɔ Fie
- Oduruyɛfo a ɔyɛ akisikuru yɛ oduruyɛfo a ne ho akokwaw wɔ akisikuru, ayamtu, ne nyarewa a ɛwɔ nipadua no mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa no mu.
- Sɛ nnuru a wɔde di dwuma daa no ntumi nni wo akisikuru no so, ɛresiw w’asetra kwan, anaasɛ ɛrema wo ho ayɛ wo hyew denneennen a, kɔ wo duruyɛfo nkyɛn na kɔ oduruyɛfo a ɔhwɛ akisikuru so nkyɛn.
- Oduruyɛfo a ɔhwɛ akisikuru betumi ayɛ nhwehwɛmu titiriw (honam ani nhwehwɛmu, mogya mu nhwehwɛmu) de ahu nea ɛde wo akisikuru no ba ankasa.
- Wɔ nnuru a wɔde di dwuma daa akyi no, wobetumi de ayaresa titiriw te sɛ nnuru a wɔde home ne nnuru a ɛko tia nyarewa nso ama.
- Allergy nyɛ biribi a ɛsɛ sɛ wobu ani gu so. Sɛ wonya aduruyɛ mu afotu ne ayaresa a ɛfata a, wubetumi atra ase wɔ apɔwmuden a ɛfata mu.
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