So wo ba kumaa no taa bɔ nneɛma te sɛ nkongua anaa pon a ɛwɔ ɔfã biako? Anaasɛ ɔdan ne ti kɔ ɔfã biako bere a ɔrehwɛ TV, ɔrekenkan nhoma, anaa ɔredi agoru? So woahyɛ no nsow pɛn sɛ ɔde n’ani biako a wɔato mu kakra hwɛ? Sɛ wuhu saa nneɛma yi a, ebia awofo binom besusuw sɛ eyinom yɛ nneɛma a abofra no yɛ de gye n’ani. Nanso eyi betumi ayɛ ɔhaw kɛse bi a ɛwɔ abofra no anisoadehu ho sɛnkyerɛnne ankasa. Ɛnnɛ yɛreka tebea a ɛte saa, ‘Amblyopia’ a abu so wɔ mmofra nkumaa mu ho asɛm.
Dɛn ne Amblyopia?
Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, amblyopia yɛ tebea a abofra aniwa a ɛwɔ wɔn aniwa biako mu no yɛ mmerɛw sen foforo no, na ɛma amemene no "werɛ fi" saa aniwa a ɛyɛ mmerɛw no nkakrankakra.
Fa no sɛ nnipa baanu na wɔwɔ kuw bi mu, nanso obiako pɛ na ɔyɛ adwuma no nyinaa. Onipa foforo no tena hɔ kɛkɛ. Dɛn na ɛba bere tiaa bi akyi? Nea ɔyɛ adwuma no ho yɛ den, na nea ɔtra ase kɛkɛ no yɛ mmerɛw na ɔyɛ mmerɛw. Eyi ne nea ɛto yɛn aniwa ne yɛn amemene wɔ amblyopia mu. Sɛ amemene no nya mfonini a emu da hɔ fi aniwa biako mu na enya mfonini a ɛyɛ kusuu fi aniwa foforo so a, amemene no paw mfonini a emu da hɔ bere nyinaa. Bere kɔ so no, amemene no bu n’ani gu aniwa a ɛde mfonini a ɛyɛ kusuu no kɔ no so. Eyi ma anisoadehu a ɛwɔ saa aniwa no mu no sɛe kɛse.
Ɛwom sɛ nnipa pii frɛ eyi ‘Ɔkwasea Aniwa’ , nanso ɛno nyɛ din a ɛyɛ nokware koraa. Esiane sɛ abofra no nyɛ ɔkwasea nti, n’ani nso nyɛ ɔkwasea. Eyi yɛ nkɔso ho haw a ɛba a abofra no ntumi nni so, wɔ abusuabɔ a ɛda amemene ne aniwa ntam no mu. Eyi ne ade titiriw a ɛma mmofra nkumaa nhu ade yiye. Nanso nea eye sen biara ne sɛ sɛ wohu ntɛm a, wobetumi asa koraa .
Mɛyɛ dɛn ahu sɛ me ba nso wɔ saa tebea yi?
Asɛnnennen kɛse a ɛwɔ ha ne sɛ mpɛn pii no, awofo nhu eyi ntɛm. Efisɛ mmofra nkumaa nte sɛnea wɔka sɛ, "Maame, mintumi mfa aniwa yi nhu ade no ase." Ɛno nti na wohu sɛ mmofra dodow no ara anya saa tebea yi bere a wɔakɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn akɔhwɛ wɔn daa akyi nkutoo no.
Nanso wubetumi nso ahwɛ saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi wɔ fie.
| Su a ɛwɔ hɔ | Susuw eyi ho kakra. |
|---|---|
| Nneɛma a wɔhwe ase | So wotaa bɔ nneɛma a ɛwɔ wo nipadua no fã koro, titiriw bere a wonam anaa woretu mmirika no? Eyi kyerɛ sɛ ebia worentumi nhu nneɛma a efi saa ɔfã no reba no yiye. |
| Ti a wobɛdan akɔ ɔfã biako | Sɛ worehwɛ TV, woreyɛ mfonini, anaa worehwɛ agode bi a, so wodan wo ti kɔ ɔfã biako na wode w’ani pa no si saa kwan no so? |
| Aniwa biako a wobɛto mu anaasɛ wobɛtew (squinting) . | So wode wo nsa kata w’ani biako so bere a worebɔ mmɔden sɛ wubehu biribi yiye no? Anaasɛ wobɔ w’ani? |
| Aniwa a ɛnhwɛ ɔkwan koro so | Tebea a yɛfrɛ no ‘strabismus’ no. Sɛ aniwa biako hwɛ n’anim tẽẽ a, so aniwa foforo no dan kɔ mu, akyi, kɔ soro, anaa fam? |
| Aniwa biako a ɛtɔ gu fam | So aniwa biako sua sen foforo no, na so nkaa tuntum no akata aniwa no fã bi so? |
Dɛn nti na mmofra nkumaa nya amblyopia?
Ade titiriw nti a obi nya aniwa mu yare ne sɛ, esiane biribi nti , sɛnea abofra aniwa biako hu no yɛ soronko wɔ foforo ho. Nneɛma atitiriw pii wɔ hɔ a ɛka eyi.
Mfomso a Ɛwɔ Refractive
Eyi yɛ tebea a ɛma aniwa no nhu ade yiye esiane abɔde mu nsakrae a ɛba aniwa no nsusuwii anaa ne dwumadi mu nti. Sɛ saa sintɔ yi da adi kɛse wɔ aniwa biako mu a, wɔde mfonini a ɛyɛ kusuu fi saa aniwa no mu kɔ amemene no mu.
- Myopia: Nhumu a ɛbɛn: Sɛ wuhu nneɛma yiye, nanso wuhu nneɛma wɔ akyirikyiri sɛ ɛyɛ nea wontumi nhu.
- Nhumu a ɛbɛn (Hyperopia): Ɛyɛ den sɛ wubehu nneɛma abɛn (te sɛ nhoma akenkan) yiye, ɛwom mpo sɛ wutumi hu nneɛma yiye wɔ akyirikyiri de.
- Astigmatism: Tebea a aniwa no ani a ɛyɛ kurukuruwa no nsusuwii nyɛ kurukuruwa koraa, na mmom ɛyɛ kurukuruwa, te sɛ ɛmo, na ɛma nneɛma a ɛwɔ akyirikyiri biara yɛ te sɛ nea wɔakyinkyim anaasɛ ayɛ kurukuruwa.
Strabismus (aniwa a ɛnhwɛ ɔkwan koro so) .
Yɛtaa frɛ eyi ‘strabismus’ . Eyi ne bere a aniwa abien no nyinaa nhwɛ ɔkwan koro so bere koro mu, na mmom ɛdan aniwa biako kɔ baabi foforo. Sɛ eyi ba a, amemene no nya mfonini ahorow abien. Afei amemene no paw mfonini a emu da hɔ no nkutoo na "ne werɛ fi" mfonini a efi strabismus aniwa no mu ba no. Bere kɔ so no, saa aniwa no yɛ mmerɛw.
Aniwa a Wɔahyehyɛ no Tebea Ahorow
Ɛtɔ da bi a, ɔhaw bi a ɛwɔ aniwa no mu betumi ama hann ankɔ aniwa no mu yiye.
- Ptosis: Sɛ aniwa biako kɔ fam kodu baabi a wontumi mmue aniwa no yiye a, ebetumi asiw aniwa no kwan.
- Cataracts: Eyi nyɛ biribi a ɛto wɔn a wɔn mfe akɔ anim nkutoo. Wobetumi awo mmofra binom a wɔn ani ayɛ wɔn yaw. Sɛ aniwa no ahwehwɛ no yɛ mununkum a, aniwa no yɛ kusuu.
- Aniwa no ho haw ahorow: Aniwa no anim fã a ɛyɛ mmerɛw (aniwa no) no yɛ opacity anaa ɔhaw bi.
Nea ɛho hia ne sɛ, ɛmfa ho nea ɛde ba no, nea efi mu ba no yɛ ade koro. Amemene no bu n’ani gu aniwa a ɛyɛ mmerɛw no so. Enti, nea ɛde ba no a wɔbɛsa no ne ɔkwan a eye sen biara a wɔfa so sa amblyopia.
Hena na ɛda adi kɛse sɛ obenya saa tebea yi?
Abofra biara betumi anya amblyopia, nanso mmofra binom wɔ asiane kɛse mu.
- Sɛ obi a ɔwɔ abusua no mu (ɛna, agya, anuanom) wɔ amblyopia, strabismus, anaa aniwa mu haw a emu yɛ den a.
- Sɛ abofra no nkɔso bi a ɛkyɛ a.
- Nkokoaa a wɔawo wɔn ntɛm (ansa na wɔadi adapɛn 37).
- Awo mu duru a ɛba fam (awo mu duru nnu gram 2500).
Sɛ wɔansa wɔn yare a, dɛn na ɛba?
Eyi ne ade a ɛho hia sen biara a ɛsɛ sɛ yɛn nyinaa hu. Sɛ wɔansa amblyopia yare wɔ bere a ɛsɛ mu a, ebetumi ama saa aniwa no ayɛ mmerɛw daa. Ɛne sɛ, ebetumi ama saa aniwa no ani afura. Eyi te saa efisɛ abusuabɔ a ɛda aniwa ne amemene no ntam no mu yɛ den wɔ mfe 7-8 a edi kan a abofra amemene nyin no mu. Saa bere no akyi no, ɛyɛ den paa sɛ amemene no bɛsan atete aniwa a ɛyɛ mmerɛw no.
Nanso mma ɛnhaw wo! Asɛmpa no ne sɛ sɛ wɔkyere no ntɛm a, ɛkame ayɛ sɛ wobetumi asa no koraa .
Dɛn ne ayaresa ahorow a wɔde sa amblyopia?
Ayaresa botae titiriw ne sɛ ɔkwan bi so no "wɔbɛhyɛ" amemene no ma ɛde aniwa a ɛyɛ mmerɛw no adi dwuma. Ɛte sɛ nea woama obi adwuma na woama no ayɛ den. Ebia wo duruyɛfo bɛkyerɛ akwan horow a wobɛfa so ayɛ eyi.
| Ɔkwan a wɔfa so sa yare | Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a... |
|---|---|
| Aniwa Patch a Wɔhyɛ | Eyi ne ɔkwan a wɔtaa fa so. Nea wɔyɛ wɔ ha ne sɛ wɔto aniwa pa no mu nnɔnhwerew kakraa bi da biara. Afei wɔhyɛ abofra no ma ɔyɛ adwuma, di agoru, na ɔhwɛ, na wɔde aniwa a ɛyɛ mmerɛw no di dwuma. Eyi hyɛ abusuabɔ a ɛda saa aniwa no ne amemene no ntam no mu den. |
| Ahwehwɛ a wɔde hyɛ (Eyeglasses) . | Sɛ nea ɛde amblyopia ba ne anisoadehu mu dɛmdi a, ade a edi kan a ɛsɛ sɛ woyɛ ne sɛ wobɛma abofra no ahwehwɛ a ɛfata ama no. Ɛtɔ da bi a, ahwehwɛ a wɔde hyɛ kɛkɛ no bedi ɔhaw no ho dwuma na amemene no afi ase de aniwa abien no nyinaa adi dwuma. |
| Aniwa mu Nnuru a Wɔde Yɛ Nnuru | Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, oduruyɛfo no betumi akyerɛw aniwa mu aduru bi te sɛ atropine a wɔde bɛhyɛ aniwa pa no mu . Saa aduru yi ma aniwa pa no mu nhu ade yiye bere tiaa bi. Afei, te sɛ patch no, ɛsɛ sɛ amemene no de aniwa a ɛyɛ mmerɛw no di dwuma. |
| Sɛɛgyiri | Eyi ho nhia wɔ nsɛm dodow no ara mu. Sɛ ɔhaw bi wɔ nhyehyɛe mu a ɛsɛ sɛ wɔde oprehyɛn siesie te sɛ ani a ɛyɛ mmerɛw, septum a ayera, anaa ani a ɛyɛ mmerɛw nkutoo a na wɔyɛ. |
Saa ayaresa yi betumi ayɛ den kakra ama wo ne wo ba no nyinaa. Ebia wo ba no besu na wabɔ mmɔden sɛ obeyi aduru no afi hɔ. Nanso ɛsɛ sɛ wufi boasetɔ ne ɔdɔ mu kyerɛkyerɛ hia a eyi ho hia mu. Hyɛ no nkuran denam akyɛde nketenkete a wode bɛma no na woama no adi agoru bi a n’ani gye ho (mfonini, kɔla, video so agodie) bere a ɔhyɛ patch no so. Ɛho hia paa sɛ wobɛyɛ saa ayaresa yi sɛnea wo duruyɛfo ka kyerɛ wo no pɛpɛɛpɛ.
Bere bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ mehwɛ me ba no ani?
Aniwa ne aniwa mu nhwehwɛmu a wɔyɛ no daa ne ɔkwan a eye sen biara a wobɛfa so akyere ɔhaw ahorow yi ntɛm. Efi da a wɔwoo wo ba no, wo duruyɛfo no bɛhwɛ wo ba no ani bere a wɔrekɔsra mmofra yiye no. Ɛyɛ papa sɛ anyɛ yiye koraa no, wobɛhwɛ wo ba no ani pɛnkoro afe biara anaa abien bere a wafi sukuu ase akyi.
Sɛ wowɔ dadwen bi wɔ wo ba no anisoadehu ho a, kɔ wo duruyɛfo nkyɛn ntɛm ara. Sɛ ɛho hia a, ɔde wo bɛkɔ aniwa ho ɔbenfo nkyɛn.
Nkrasɛm a Wɔde Kɔ Fie
- Amblyopia yɛ tebea a emu yɛ den a ɛsɛ sɛ wohu na wɔsa wɔ mmofraase.
- Hu nsakrae a ɛba wo ba no nneyɛe mu bere nyinaa (ti a wobɛdan, nneɛma a wobɛbɔ, aniwa biako a wobɛto). Sɛ wuhu eyinom a, ka kyerɛ wo duruyɛfo.
- Sɛ wofi ayaresa ase ntɛm a, ɛkame ayɛ sɛ abofra no tumi hwɛ ade yiye koraa. Ntwentwɛn wo nan ase.
- Di akwan a wɔfa so sa yare no akyi (aniwa aduru, ahwehwɛ) sɛnea oduruyɛfo no ka no pɛpɛɛpɛ, a wonyɛ ɔkwasea. Hyɛ abofra no nkuran ma ɔnyɛ saa.
- Mma wo ba no aduruyɛ mu nhwehwɛmu a ɔyɛ daa no nntwa da. Aniwa mu nhwehwɛmu yɛ eyi fã a ɛho hia yiye.
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